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球床式氟盐冷却高温堆(Pebble Bed Fluoride-salt Cooled High Temperature Reactor, PB-FHR)是一种先进的第四代反应堆。三维堆芯热工水力程序能够模拟具有复杂空间效应的工况,但计算耗时较高。图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit, GPU)具有大量计算单元,可有效提高程序的计算速度。本文研发了GPU加速的PB-FHR堆芯热工水力程序(GPU-accelerated Thermal Hydraulic Code, GATH),采用非热平衡多孔介质模型建立堆芯物理模型,研究并实现了GPU高速求解算法。对PB-FHR的堆芯模型进行了热工水力分析,与商用计算流体力学软件ANSYS CFX的计算结果进行了对比,验证了程序的正确性。GPU加速性能分析的结果表明,程序整体的加速比率可达8.39倍,证明所研发的GPU求解算法能有效提升堆芯热工水力分析的计算效率。 相似文献
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堆芯入口流场设计是小型固态燃料熔盐堆系统项目内容之一,它对反应堆结构的稳定性、堆芯温度和流场分布有着非常重要的影响。研究了熔盐流道流通面积变化对堆芯入口温度、流场分布及压降的影响,优化熔盐流道几何结构。以小型熔盐球床堆模型为研究对象,取符合实际边界条件的输入参数,通过改变熔盐流道流通面积,使用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)通用程序Fluent 16.0对堆芯入口内熔盐的热工水力特性进行数值模拟。在考虑实际下反射层流道的流通面积占比最大为18.14%下,研究了熔盐流道流通面积占比在区间[0,15.00%]变化。结果表明,堆芯活性区熔盐最高局部热点温度随熔盐流道流通面积比的增大而增高;堆芯入口内的压降随下反射层熔盐流道流通面积比的减小而增大;在径向方向上流进孔道的熔盐流速随着孔道远离堆芯位置而增大。本研究可为小型固态燃料球床熔盐堆优化设计提供一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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球床反应堆的功率密度高、堆芯尺寸小、裂变产物完全包容,在空间核动力系统中具有广泛的应用前景。针对空间核电推进球床反应堆,开发了稳态热工水力分析程序,对堆芯进行了全功率稳态运行工况下的热工水力设计优化及安全特性分析,重点优化冷、热孔板孔隙率以消除堆芯热点。计算结果表明,燃料球中心最高温度距燃料熔点具有873 K的安全裕量,冷孔板孔隙率对堆芯流量分配几乎没有影响,孔隙率峰值比为2.0的热孔板可有效避免堆芯热点,此外增大冷却剂入口压力会减小堆芯的压损。本文结果可为空间核电推进球床反应堆的设计及安全特性分析提供建议与指导。 相似文献
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选取了7种最为广泛应用的超临界水换热关系式,计算分析了超临界水冷堆设计工况下堆芯的传热能力.结果表明,采用不同的公式计算出的平均管出口壁温最大相差27℃.采用KOshizuka-Oka公式,热管流量与平均管相同就可满足壁温安全限值;采用Jackson公式,热管流量需比平均管高18%;采用Krasnoshchekov公式,热管流量则需比平均管高40%才能满足壁温安全限值.这说明,采用不同的换热公式会严重地影响堆芯的设计.在超临界水冷堆的设计条件下浮力对传热的影响可以忽略. 相似文献
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提出了一种适用于分布式发电系统的小型自然循环钠冷堆AMTEC系统。通过对堆芯的临界计算和热工水力分析,研究了堆芯燃料装载量不变情况下,芯块半径、燃料棒长度和圈数对堆芯有效增殖因数keff、堆芯压降和传热的影响。同时分析了不同额外停堆裕量下,B4C吸收层厚度和堆芯初始剩余反应性随燃料棒圈数的变化关系。计算结果表明:保持堆芯当量直径和冷却剂通道总截面积不变的情况下,减少燃料棒圈数和活性区长度不仅可增加keff,且能降低堆芯压降;为提高额外停堆裕量需增加吸收层厚度,但降低了堆芯初始剩余反应性,不利于电厂的经济性。 相似文献
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《核动力工程》2017,(5):34-39
为研究热管冷却双模式空间堆(HP-BSNR)堆芯稳态热工水力安全特性,基于改进后的双模式反应堆初步概念设计方案建立了其堆芯热工水力模型,包括推进模式和电源模式下的燃料元件单通道模型、换热模型、压降计算模型以及热管模型等,开发了堆芯稳态热工水力分析程序STHA_HPBSNR。采用文献的实验数据以及程序ELM的计算结果与程序STHA_HPBSNR的氢气物性计算模块和热力学参数计算模块进行对比,初步验证了程序STHA_HPBSNR用于双模式空间堆系统热力学稳态计算分析的可靠性。此外分析了不同换热关系式和摩擦阻力关系式对通道壁面温度的影响,为后续将STHA_HPBSNR程序应用于双模式空间堆堆芯瞬态安全分析奠定了基础。 相似文献
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This paper describes the technical aspects of the Reactor Core Neutronic model for the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR). Included is a model design review with preliminary simulation results and model constraints. The PBMR Demonstration Power Plant is a First of a Kind Engineering plant which will be used for the production and generation of electricity in South Africa.The theory and solution techniques used for modelling and simulating the neutronic core are also described. The neutronic model is discussed, as well as the model capabilities and model requirements. The model formulation for the PBMR plant is also derived from GSE's nuclear (neutronic) simulation model known as REMARK© (Real Time Multigroup Advanced Reactor Kinetics). The derived neutronic model for PBMR is aptly called the PBMR-REMARK© Reactor Core Neutronic model. Preliminary results of the Reactor Core Neutronic model simulations are included and discussed in the paper. 相似文献
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HP-STMCs空间堆堆芯典型瞬态热工分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
以计算流体力学(CFD)为基础,编写HP-STMCs空间堆堆芯功率瞬变模型和反应性反馈模型的用户自定义函数(UDF),开发堆芯瞬态分析程序SNPS-FTASR。对程序的正确性进行验证并得到满意的结果后,用SNPS-FTASR分析1个控制鼓误动作向堆芯引入正反应性和堆芯1根热管失效时的瞬态响应特性。结果显示:在1个控制鼓误动作引入正反应性时,堆芯功率先迅速升高后因堆芯反应性负反馈而缓慢上升,最终堆芯功率稳定在额定功率的121.3%。在堆芯1根热管失效时,堆芯UN燃料芯块的温度先迅速升高后因反应性负反馈使得堆芯功率迅速下降,最终堆芯功率稳定在额定功率的88.7%,堆芯最高温度较稳定状态上升约140 K,表明热管冷却空间堆在一个控制鼓误动作和1根热管失效时热工方面是安全的。 相似文献
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Nathanael H. Hudson Abderrafi. M. Ougouag Farzad Rahnema Hans Gougar 《Annals of Nuclear Energy》2009,36(8):1138-1150
A method is presented for the evaluation of microscopic cross sections for the Pebble Bed Reactor (PBR) neutron diffusion computational models during convergence to an equilibrium (asymptotic) fuel cycle. This method considers the isotopics within a core spectral zone and the leakages from such a zone as they arise during reactor operation. The randomness of the spatial distribution of fuel grains within the fuel pebbles and that of the fuel and moderator pebbles within the core, the double heterogeneity of the fuel, and the indeterminate burnup of the spectral zones all pose a unique challenge for the computation of the local microscopic cross sections. As prior knowledge of the equilibrium composition and leakage is not available, it is necessary to repeatedly re-compute the group constants with updated zone information. A method is presented to account for local spectral zone composition and leakage effects without resorting to frequent spectrum code calls. Fine group data are pre-computed for a range of isotopic states. Microscopic cross sections and zone nuclide number densities are used to construct fine group macroscopic cross sections, which, together with fission spectra, flux modulation factors, and zone buckling, are used in the solution of the slowing down balance to generate a new or updated spectrum. The microscopic cross-sections are then re-collapsed with the new spectrum for the local spectral zone. This technique is named the Spectral History Correction (SHC) method. It is found that this method accurately recalculates local broad group microscopic cross sections. Significant improvement in the core eigenvalue, flux, and power peaking factor is observed when the local cross sections are corrected for the effects of the spectral zone composition and leakage in two-dimensional PBR test problems. 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(11):921-929
Performance test of test blanket modules in the fusion environment using the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is one of the most important mile-stone for the development of the breeding blanket of the fusion power plant. In the design of test blanket modules in the ITER, it is very important to show that test modules do not cause additional safety concern to the ITER. This work has been performed for the evaluation of the preliminary safety of the test blanket module of a water cooled solid blanket, which is the primary candidate of the breeding blanket in Japan currently. Major issues of the evaluation were, establishment of post-accident cooling in the test blanket module, hydrogen gas generation by Be/steam reaction, and pressure increase and spilled water amount by the event of coolant leakage. The analyses results showed that, suppression tank system is necessary to accommodate the over-pressure by the coolant water after pipe break in the box of the test module. Coolant water pipe break of the first wall of the test blanket module will result relatively small impact to the ITER safety because of the small inventory of the coolant water of the test module and large volume of the vacuum vessel of the ITER. However, it was clarified that the water cooled blanket with beryllium pebble as the multiplier will have the potential hazard of the hydrogen formation. Further investigation to maintain the safety on this aspect is required. 相似文献
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球床包层混合堆与板状元件包层混合堆相比较,前者在核燃料生产和安全方面可能具有更多的优越性。本应用THERMIX程序和辅助程序对我国开发的托卡马克堆芯氮气冷却球床包层聚变-裂变合堆的包层进行了热工计算。计算中考虑了不同的燃料球材料及稳态,卸压和断流事故工况。计算结果表明,只要选用合适的燃料球材料和设置适当的控制保护系统,具有快速卸料罐的托卡马克堆芯氦气包层聚变-裂变混合堆的概念设计在安全上的可行的。 相似文献
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在充分分析国际上各种小型模块化反应堆优缺点基础上,设计出铅铋冷却氮化物燃料小型模块化反应堆(SMPBN),并对该堆型的中子学特性进行了详细分析。通过分析认为SMPBN具有以下突出优势:以乏燃料钚作为反应堆的驱动燃料,钍作为增殖燃料,可以解决由于铀资源缺乏对核电发展的制约;氮化钚和氮化钍作燃料,可以提高反应堆的安全性和燃料的转换比;液态铅铋作冷却剂和反射层,不仅提高反应堆完全自然循环的能力,而且可以提高中子的经济性;整个寿期内反应性的波动很小并且几个重要反应性系数都为负值,从而保证反应堆具有固有安全性。 相似文献