Einfluß der Linolsäurezufuhr auf Membranlipide und Enzymaktivitäten der Erythrozyten und Lebermitochondrien von Ratten

Effect of Linoleic Acid Supply on Membrane Lipids and Enzyme Activities of Erythrozytes und Liver Mitochondria of Rats The effects of different oral doses of linoleic acid (0 to 4% of energy intake) on membrane lipids and activities of membrane-bound enzymes of erythrocytes and liver mitochondria were tested in weanling male Wistar-rats. The osmotic resistance of red blood cells turned out to be clearly dependent on the level of linoleic acid intake after 2 weeks. This observation can partly be caused by changes in the cholesterolphospholipid-ratio found in the erythrocytes. The activity of the erythrocyte-acetylcholinesterase revealed no difference between the test groups. On the other hand the activity of the (Na⁺ + K⁺)-ATPase increased significantly in the group fed the linoleic acid-free diet after 14 weeks. In liver mitochondria the linoleic acid deficiency caused a decrease of the cardiolipin concentration and slight elevations in the concentrations of phosphatidylinositol and sphingomyelin. The activity of the Mg²⁺-ATPase of liver mitochondria was not influenced by the supply of linoleic acid. The activities of the succinate dehydrogenase and the cytochrom-c-oxidase decreased in the animals receiving the fat-free diet after 6 weeks.     

Einfluß der Gruppenkomponenten auf die Eigenschaften von Estermontanwachsen

Influence of Group Components on the Properties of Montana Ester Waxes The group of wax esters and hydrocarbons was separated from the refined wax R by means of ion exchange on Wofatit SBW and column chromatography on silica gel. A part of the wax acids obtained was esterified with ethyleneglycol. Twenty wax systems having various compositions were prepared from wax acid glycolester and hydrocarbon group components. The wax systems were investigated for drop point, characteristic values, density, electrostatic properties, penetration, flow point, and flow curve. Furthermore, the formation of water emulsions was studied with these wax systems. Relationships between the composition of group components and definite physical and chemical characteristics were established.     

Einfluß der Agglomeration auf die Filtrierbarkeit von Suspensionen

Influence of agglomeration on the filtering properties of suspensions. In various kinds of filter processes, agglomeration of the particles to be separated is essential for economic operation. Important parameters are the size, porosity, and consistency of the agglomerates, for which a special measuring technique has been developed. The influence of these parameters in various filter processes is described. The physicochemical fundamentals and the chemical engineering of agglomeration in suspension are presented, and the influence of flocculants discussed.     

Einfluß der polymerisationsbedingungen auf die morphologie von schwefel-styrol-polymerisaten

For a polymer system sulfur-styrene containing 10 wt.-% styrene the morphologie depending on the polymerization temperature and time is described. Besides the characteristical orthorhombic phase a monoclinic and a pseudoorthorhombic phase were detected. Moreover amorphous material exists, depending on the polymerisation parameters.     

Einfluß von Schwefelverbindungen auf die Inhibition der Thermooxidation von Polypropylen

The influence of mixtures of substituted phenols with sulphur compounds on the thermooxidative stability of polypropylene was studied. Following substituted phenols were used: 4,4′-butylidene-bis(3-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylidene-bis(4-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol) and 4,4′-thio-bis(3-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol). As sulphur compounds phenylalkylsulphides, p-nitrophenylalkylsulphides and some other p-substituted phenylsulphides were used. The effect of these mixtures was studied at 180°C in oxygen atmosphere.     

Einfluß der Glycerid-Verteilung auf die rheologischen Eigenschaften von Fetten

Effect of Glyceride Distribution on the Rheological Properties of Fats Investigations on suppository bases showed that the glyceride distribution influences the rheological properties of fats strongly. The authors presume that the viscosity behaviour is related to the random distribution of glycerides.     

Der Einfluß der Witterung auf die Eigenschaften von Methacrylat-Polymeren

Under atmospheric influence the molecular weight of PMMA decreases. The decrease of the molecular weight depends among other things on M?_v itself, on the content of UV absorbing additives, on the place and on the amount of the radiant energy. As many properties of PMMA in particular the characteristic mechanical values determined in the short time test depend above M _v = 10⁵ only slightly or not at all on the molecular weight, the weathering changes these properties only insignificantly. Properties such as light transmittance, softening point, tensile or flexural strength and moduls of elasticity don't change. The characteristic values for toughness of a material such as impact strength and elongation at rupture show a perceptible decrease. Open air weathering in tropical climate can cause more intense changes of the properties than in Central Europe. If the material has a thickness of 5 mm weathering can result in reversible colour phenomena. Polymers with an UV protection don't show this effect. In case of open air weathering copolymers with acrylonitrile (here AN/MMA = 70/30) show stronger changes of the properties than pure PMMA. Nevertheless they are suited for an outdoor application of many years duration.     

Einfluß der kritischen Mizellbildungskonzentration auf die Waschwirkung von Natriumdodecylsulfat

Influence of Critical Micelle Concentration on the Washing Action of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate The influence of critical micelle concentration of an anionic surfactant on the removal of different types of soils (soot, paraffin oil or mixture of olive oil and oleic acid) from wool was investigated in a model system. The interfacially active single ions and not the micelles are responsible for the removal of soot and oil. At a critical micelle concentration C_k the extent of removal of soot reaches the uppermost limit due to the constant zeta potential of the soot particles attained at C_k. Whereas the non-polar oil is removed by wetting, it is assumed that the higher degree of elution of the polar oil compared to the non-polar one is due to the superimposition of the wetting effect along with the formation of a mixed phase.     

Einfluß der Metallseifen auf die rheologischen Eigenschaften von lipophilen Grundlagen

Influence of Metallic Soaps on Rheological Properties of Lipophilic Bases Influence of metallic soaps on the rheological properties of lipophilic suppository bases was determined. The investigations revealed that rheological properties of suppository bases are considerably altered by the addition of metallic soaps. Alterations in rheological properties are determined from the ratio of solid to liquid components.