二元混合物环丁酚和对二甲苯、乙苯在温度范围为303.15—353.15K下的密度、黏度及其相关性质

Densities and viscosities of the binary systems of sulfolane ＋ ethylbenzene, sulfolane ＋ p-xylene have been experimentally determined in temperature interval 303.15—353.15 K and at atmospheric pressure for the whole composition range. The excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations were computed. The computed quantities have been fitted to Redlich-Kister equation. Excess molar volumes and viscosity deviation show a systematic change with increasing temperature. Two mixtures exhibit negative excess volumes with a minimum which occurs approximately at χ = 0.5. The effect of the size, shape and interaction of components on excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations is discussed.     

二元混合物环丁酚和对二甲苯、乙苯在温度范围为303.15-353.15K下的密度、黏度及其相关性质

Densities and viscosities of the binary systems of sulfolane ethylbenzene, sulfolane p-xylene have been experimentally determined in temperature interval 303.15-353.15 K and at atmospheric pressure for the whole composition range. The excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations were computed. The computed quantities have been fitted to Redlich-Kister equation. Excess molar volumes and viscosity deviation show a systematic change with increasing temperature. Two mixtures exhibit negative excess volumes with a minimum which occurs approximately at x = 0.5. The effect of the size, shape and interaction of components on excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations is discussed.     

立方型状态方程结合Eyring理论在液体混合物黏度计算中的应用

Cubic equations of state (EOS) have been combined with the absolute rate theory of Eyring to calculate viscosities of liquid mixtures. A modified Huron Vidal gE-mixing rule is employed in the calculation and in comparison with the van Laar and the Redlich-Kister-type mixing rule. The EOS method gives an accurate correlation of liquid viscosities with an overall average deviation less than 1% for 67 binary systems including aqueous solutions. It is also successful in extrapolating viscosity data over a certain temperature range using parameters obtained from the isotherm at a given temperature and in predicting viscosities of ternary solutions from binary parameters for either polar or associated systems.     

环己酮-环己烷混合液密度和粘度的测定及关联

在常压下分别测定了环己酮与环己烷的混合液在293,15～343．15K下的密度和粘度,并由密度数据计算出超额体积V^E、由粘度数据计算出了不同温度和组成下的超额粘度△η,V^e为正值,△η为负值;同时对不同温度下的超额体积、超额粘度与组成的关系分别用Redlich—Kister方程进行了关联,最大标准偏差小于3％,说明此体系适合采用Redlich—Kister方程回归。混合溶液的粘度随温度的关系用Andrade公式进行了关联,各组成关联的相关系数接近于1。     

N,N-二甲基甲酰胺+醇二元混合物的黏度测定与关联

在288.15~313.15 K和常压下,利用乌氏黏度计测定了N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）分别与乙醇、丙醇、乙二醇和1,2-丙二醇组成的二元系全浓度范围内的黏度,计算了过量黏度△η和过量流动活化自由能△G^*E。用Redlich-Kister方程对过量黏度进行了关联;用黏度模型如Frenkel方程,Grunberg-Nissan方程,Katti-Chaudhari方程和McAllister方程对实验黏度数据进行了关联和预测,并利用Eyring理论方法计算了流动活化自由能、活化焓和活化熵等热力学函数。结果表明,4个二元系的过量黏度和过量流动活化自由能均为负值,且都随温度降低而偏差增大。过量黏度最低值均发生在DMF摩尔分数约为0.3处。McAllister模型对黏度数据的关联结果最好,预测值与实验值的平均相对偏差最小。比较并分析了DMF与一元醇和二元醇之间分子相互作用的差异。。     

Viscosity of the binary systems containing trifluoroethanol,water and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Prediction of the ternary viscosity from binary data

Kinematic viscosities were measured over the entire range of composition and at atmospheric pressure for the binary systems trifluoroethanol (TFE)-H₂O, TFE-tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME), and TEGDME-H₂O from 293.15 to 333.15 K. The data were fitted by the Stephan and Heckenbergber (1989) correlation, which accounts for the dependence on temperature and mixture composition. Methods for predicting ternary excess viscosities from excess viscosity data for the three binary mixtures involved are examined and tested for the system TFE-H₂O-TEGDME at 303.15 K by comparing predicted and experimental data. The empirical correlation of Colinet (1967) is shown to be the best for this system.     

Calculation of Viscosities of Liquid Mixtures Using Eyring’s Theory in Combination with Cubic Equations of State

1 INTRODUCTON The viscosity, particularly that of liquid mixtures is very important in engineering calculations involved in the process design for petroleum and other chemica industries. Since the successful development of a one-parameter equation for correlating the liquid vis cosity of nonpolar mixtures by Grunberg and Nissan[1] many other models have been proposed. Most of them are based on the corresponding state principle, the absolute rate theory of Eyring[2], or the free volume the…     

常压下二乙二醇单乙醚和水二元体系不同温度下的密度、黏度及过量性质

Densities and viscosities were measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixture of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether [CH3CH2O(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH] + water from 293.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressure, with a capillary pycnometer and Ubbelohde capillary viscometer respectively. From the experimental data, the excess molar volume VE, viscosity deviation η, and the excess energy of activation for viscous flow G*E were calculated. These data were correlated by the Redlich-Kister type equa-tions to obtain the coefficients and standard deviations. The results showed a strong molecular interaction between diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and water.     

3-庚3-庚酮+乙酸乙酯、3-庚酮+乙酸丁酯、3-庚酮+TBP、MIBK+TBP二元体系的过量摩尔体积和黏度

常压下测定了3-庚酮+乙酸乙酯、3-庚酮+乙酸丁酯、3-庚酮+磷酸三丁酯（TBP）、4-甲基-2-戊酮（MIBK）+磷酸三丁酯4个二元体系在293.15～318.15 K下的密度和黏度值,计算了二元体系的过量摩尔体积V^E和过量黏度Δη,并用Redlich-Kister方程对V^E和Δη进行了关联。混合溶剂的黏度数据采用Orrick-Erbar(O-E)基团贡献法进行了关联和预测,增加了O-E方法中的(-O)₃-P=O 基团贡献值。结果表明,O-E方法可根据现有的纯溶剂的黏度数据预测得到混合溶剂的黏度,平均误差小于15%。     

强缔合体系醋酸-水溶液密度和粘度测定及关联

测定了醋酸水二元体系常压下在298.15—363.15K时的密度和粘度数据,由密度数据计算出超额体积VE的值,并用Redlich Kister方程进行了回归;同时对粘度的数据也按超额性质的方法进行了处理,求出了不同温度不同组成下的ηE值。数据处理过程中发现,ηE/(x1x2)随组成没有变化,在不同温度下为一常数,根据这一特殊现象,建立了由纯物质的粘度数据来计算醋酸水体系在任意温度和组成下的粘度数据,并把所得粘度的计算值和实验值进行比较,120个数据点的平均相对误差为1.1%,结果比较满意。     

离子液体[C4mim][PF6]与N, N-二甲基甲酰胺二元混合物在298.15 K～318.15 K的密度和粘度

Viscosities and densities for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[C4mim][PF6]） and N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF） binary mixtures have been measured at the temperature range from 293.15 K to 318.15 K. It is shown that the viscosities and densities decrease monotonously with temperature and the content of DMF. Various correlation methods including Arrhenius-like equation, Sedclon et al.＇s equation, Redlich-Kister equation with four parameters, and other empirical equations were applied to evaluate these experimental data. A model based on an equation of state Ior estimating the viscosity of mixtures containing ionic liquids were proposed by coupling with the excess Gibbs free energy model of viscosity, which can synchronously calculate the viscosity and the molar volume. The results show that the model gives a deviation of 8.29% for the viscosity, and a deviation of 1.05% for the molar volume when only one temperature-independent adjustable parameter is adopted. The correlation accuracy is further improved when two parameters or one temperature-dependent parameter is used.     

碳酸二甲酯相关二元体系粘度和密度的测定及关联

在常压下采用U形振动管密度计测定了碳酸二甲酯-甲醇的混合液在293．15～323．15K和碳酸二甲酯-氯苯的混和液在293．15～343．15K下的密度;用乌氏粘度计测定了这两个混合溶液在相应温度下的粘度,并由密度数据计算出超额体积V^E、由粘度数据计算出了不同温度和组成下的混合粘度的变化Δη,前者V^E、Δη均为负值。后者V^E为正值,Δη基本聚集在0附近。对不同温度下的超额体积、混合粘度变化与组成的关系按Redlich-Kister方程进行了关联,最大标准偏差小于5％;说明这两体系适合采用此方程回归。     

离子液体[bmim]BF_4与溶剂DMSO相互作用的研究

在298.1~323.15 K范围内,测定了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体([bmim]BF4)与DMSO混合体系的密度和粘度,研究发现:随着DMSO加入量的增加,混合体系的密度和粘度均减小。在此条件下,计算了此离子液体的粘度活化参数,η∞、Ea、性粘度B-系数及过量对数粘度,结果表明:Ea与DMSO的摩尔分数成线性关系,线性方程为:Ea=-0.836xDMSO+2.587(r=0.98),粘度B-系数随温度的升高而减小,[bmim]BF4-DMSO混合体系的过量对数粘度在全组成范围内均为正值。     

巴豆酸乙酯与乙醇混合液密度和粘度的测定及关联

主要介绍了3-羟基丁酸乙酯合成过程中的相关物系的物性测定.在常压下采用U形振动管密度计测定了巴豆酸乙酯与乙醇的混合液在293.15～343.15 K下的密度,用乌氏粘度计测定了此混合溶液在293.15～343.15 K下的粘度,并由密度数据计算出超额体积V E、由粘度数据计算出了不同温度和组成下的混合粘度的变化Δη,V E和Δη这些值均为负值.同时对不同温度下的超额体积与组成的关系,粘度变化与组成的关系分别用Redlich-Kister方程进行了关联,最大标准偏差小于5%;说明此方程可适用于回归两相体系中上述的物性数据.     

Orientation effect on sign and magnitude of excess thermodynamic functions of non electrolyte solutions at different temperatures (303.15 K, 308.15 K,and 313.15K)

Experimental values of the density and viscosity have been measured for binary mixtures of N-ethylaniline with isomeric butanols (1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol) at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K over the entire mole fraction range. These data, the excess molar volumes, and deviation viscosity for the binary systems at the above-mentioned temperatures were calculated and fitted to Redlich-Kister equation to determine the fitting parameters and the root-mean-square deviations. The excess molar volumes, deviation viscosity and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow have been analyzed in terms of acid-base interactions, hydrogen bond, and dipole-dipole interaction between unlike molecules. The results obtained for dynamic viscosity of binary mixtures were used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg-Nissan, Katti-Chaudhri, and Hind et al. equations.     

Viscosity-temperature relationship of dilute solution of poly(vinyl chloride) in cyclohexanone and in its blends with xylene

Absolute viscosities of dilute solutions of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in cyclohexanone and in its blends with xylene were determined at temperatures ranging from 5 to 50°C and in THF at 5–30°C. The simple Arrhenius reaction kinetics equation, used by Anrade to analyze the viscosity data of liquids and later by Moore for dilute polymer solutions, was used to estimate the thermodynamic parameters for the flow of PVC solutions and the quality of solvents. This relationship was also used to calculate thermodynamic parameters for PVC in binary solvent systems. The data of the activation energy of the viscous flow and preexponential factor were further analyzed by using the empirical relationships suggested by Moore for flexible polymer chains. The parameters obtained from these relationships are used to estimate and compare the solvency power of solvents and solvent blends. A blend of 1 : 1 cyclohexanone and xylene is found to have better dissolution characteristics for PVC than have cyclohexanone and other blends. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 2749–2760, 1997     

不同温度压力下纯水、醋酸+水、对二甲苯+醋酸+水黏度测定(英文)

The viscosities of pure water, the acetic acid + water binary system, and the p-xylene + acetic acid + water ternary system at different concentrations were determined with a rolling-ball viscometer at temperatures from 313.15 to 473.15 K and pressures from 0.10 to 3.20 MPa. The viscosity data were fitted by a correlation equation for the estimation of the mixture viscosities. The average absolute deviations (AAD) of the correlation for binary and ternary systems are 2.48% and 1.77%, respectively.     

Measurement and modeling of poly(vinyl acetate)–solvent viscosity mixtures

The viscosities of various poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)–solvent mixtures (PVAc–toluene, PVAc–benzene, and PVAc–cyclohexanone) were measured at different temperatures with a Haake viscometer. The required molecular weight of a commercial‐grade PVAc sample was measured with an Ubbelohde viscometer. The measured viscosities were correlated with a previously proposed viscosity model, and the model parameters were calculated. The results indicated the applicability of the model to the viscosity calculations of PVAc–solvent mixtures. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1244–1249, 2005     

Viscosity effects in the photopolymerization of two‐monomer systems

Photopolymerization kinetics and viscosity behavior of five different two‐monomer systems forming hydrogen bonds and composed of mixtures of a high viscosity monomer (HVM) and a low viscosity monomer (LVM) at various molar ratios were investigated at six polymerization temperatures. The monomers used were mono‐ or dimethacrylates. Detailed viscosity measurements of the monomer mixtures showed significant negative deviations from the theoretical values (characterized by excess logarithm viscosities) indicating that interactions between the molecules of the same type (in individual monomers) are stronger than those between two molecules of different types (HVM and LVM). The photopolymerization kinetics were analyzed from the point of view of the appearance, viscosity and temperature behavior of the most reactive composition (MRC), the one showing the highest value of the maximum polymerization rate within a range of the HVM: LVM ratios. It was found that MRC appearance is determined mainly by the initial viscosity of the two‐monomer system, whereas the functionality of the monomers (and network formation) is much less important (MRC is observed even in linear systems). The initial viscosity of all the monomer mixtures showing MRC lay in the range of 0.06–2 Pa s, which is narrow compared to the range of viscosities of the monomers (approximately 10^?3–10³ Pa s). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

有机物水溶液粘度的关联和预测

在Eyring的液体粘性流动模型的基础上,根据Sandler的水溶液过量自由焓溶质聚集模型,导出有机物水溶液的粘度模型。利用该模型方程参数与温度的关系,可预测低压下各种温度和不同组成的有机物水溶液的粘度。用该模型计算了7个体系442个不同温度和组成的二元水溶液和3个体系164个不同温度和组成的三元水溶液的粘度,计算值与实验值的总平均相对偏差分别为1.554%和2.588%,计算值与实验数据吻合很好。