基于工业锅炉的远程物联网监测数据采集终端分析

工业锅炉的远程物联网监测系统的任务是在传统高耗能设施设备中有效引进信息传感、物联网、互联网技术等,从而实时监测和诊断锅炉运行的安全性与节能环保。而数据采集终端是物联网监测系统的重要组成部分,主要目的是采集并传输信号。为了进一步采集、整合、编码、传输真实完善的运行参数信息,进行数据采集终端科学合理设计与开发。其中,主要有三种类型数据采集终端,其通用性与实用性良好,还具备信号输入、参数采集、报警提醒、远程通信配置等多元化功能,在很大程度上为工业锅炉排除故障提供了有力的数据支持。而且根据数据采集终端,系统还能够对工业锅炉的安全性与能效指标进行详细分析,把反馈结果通过多样性方式传输给工作人员,并准确指导其采取相应的改善优化措施。     

基于DSP的多通道无线数据采集方法研究

针对有线数据采集方式存在可移动性差、电缆铺设受现场环境限制且采集方式单一的缺陷,提出并实现了基于DSP的多通道无线数据采集系统.试验结果表明,该系统可同时采集多路信号,并可实现数据的准确采集和无线传输,值得推广应用.     

电缆分支箱故障在线监测系统设计与应用

针对电网中经常发生的电缆分支箱中电缆头发热引起爆炸、烧毁等事故,设计出了一种电缆分支箱故障在线监测系统。该系统可实现电缆分支箱各运行回路的温度在线采集和监视,利用温度传感器采集各相电缆头以及电缆箱的温度,通过ZigBee无线信号传输到数据集中器,集中器通过GPRS将接收到的数据发送到后台监测系统。经测试,该系统运行稳定可及时发现设备温度缺陷并报警。     

基于高速电力线载波技术的采集终端信号加强方法

设计了基于高度电力线载波技术的采集终端信号加强方法,可实现弱信号覆盖区域采集终端稳定上线。该方法采用模块化设计,通过串口转换模块实现采集终端与从模块的数据交换,主、从模块间采用高速电力线载波技术传输通讯数据,从而将装于优良信号位置的主模块所接收的公网数据交给采集终端,实现信号加强。实践证明,该信号加强方法稳定性好、安装调试简便,为用电信息采集的实用化应用提供了前提。     

分布式光伏发电系统状态监测网络信号重构方法

无线监测网络技术可为分布式光伏并网发电系统的安全稳定运行提供保障。网络中的主要能耗在于数据信息传输过程中的通信能耗,文章利用压缩感知理论对采集到的光伏发电系统数据信息进行压缩,可节约监测网络的通信能耗,为解决压缩感知理论中的含有噪声的稀疏信号重构问题,提出了基于连续正则因子的梯度投影稀疏重构算法,对算法改进前后的电压信号重构效果进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,文章提出的算法具有运行精度高、效率高的优点。     

电气及基于MCMC的微网风电数据缺失填补方法研究

数据是微网安全优化运行的基础,但风电、光伏等运行数据在采集、传输和存储的过程中可能出现较多的问题,其中大量的数据缺失成为系统决策的障碍.鉴于此,本文考虑微网风电系统的复杂性和的波动性,以及风电数据的缺失的无规律性等特征,提出采用MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo Algorithm,MCMC)方...     

基于高精度北斗技术与聚合逻辑的电力系统突变信号监测系统

为避免电力设备突变信号造成的电力系统运行风险,提出了一种基于高精度北斗技术与聚合逻辑的电力系统突变信号监测系统,该系统使用信号数据采集模块的高精度北斗系统定位电力系统设备位置、采集设备原始信号数据,将其采用通信网络模块传输到信号数据处理模块,该模块根据接收到的信号数据依次完成信号滤波、聚合处理和突变信号检测,预警模块通过比较突变信号数值与设定的经验阈值向管理人员发送报警信息,并以图表等形式将监测结果呈现给用户,实现电力系统突变信号监测。算例验证结果表明,该系统具有良好的电力系统设备定位效果和原始信号去噪能力,能有效检测出电力系统突变信号,并能满足突变信号监测实时性要求。     

能耗远程在线监测系统在工业节能中的应用

为保证企业实现节能减排目标,设计和使用远程在线监测系统势在必行。远程在线监测系统是基于传感器与网络技术的优势,在企业区域各个位置针对性安装传感器,对实时数据进行采集、编码传输到远程管理系统。远程管理系统对采集的数据进行分析,计算出生产性能指标指导运行人员优化运行。     

基于MCGS的光伏电站数据监测系统的设计与实现

光伏电站数据监测系统以工业控制组态软件MCGS为开发平台,以数据的获取、传输、变换、输出为主线进行程序设计,开发了电站监测计算机数据采集与处理程序.系统程序设计有数据存储、电站数据及曲线动态显示、报警信息查询、自动生成电站系统运行日报表、报表打印等功能.电站数据监测系统采用了分布式数据采集的结构模式,利用传感器、交送器分别对太阳能辐射强度,光伏组件发电数据,以及蓄电池的充放电等重要数据进行采集,最后利用RS-485总线结构模式将采集到的数据传送至监测系统计算机中进行统计与处理.     

内燃机测试系统中同步数据采集的替代方法

提出了一种非同步数据采集方法,可用于替代目前内燃机测试系统中广泛应用的同步数据采集方法.该方法的原理是通过将曲轴转角信号作为模拟量输入数据采集卡,使采集到的数据中包含曲轴转角信息,利用信息对采集到的数据进行处理以分离出各信号的同步采集数据.通过理论分析和试验验证表明:该方法用普通数据采集卡代替同步数据采集卡,降低测试系统成本;充分发挥数据采集卡的潜能,信号采集的曲轴转角间隔小,从而获得比同步数据采集方法更详细的数据信息;在数据处理上具有灵活性,可计算出任意曲轴转角处的信号值而不引入新的误差.     

水轮发电机带暖风窗结构通风系统分析

发电机放热风用于电厂厂房采暖是一种经济节能的方法。为了分析增设暖风窗的合理结构及对发电机组通风冷却系统的影响,本文采用网络分析法对发电机组通风冷却系统进行了计算分析。结果表明发电机上加装暖风窗放热风是可行的,对发电机冷却无不利影响。     

Supply curves for hydro reservoirs – Estimation and usage in large-scale electricity market models

Hydro electricity generation is of great importance for the current and the future electricity system since it provides electricity without emitting CO₂ and hydro reservoirs offer high operational flexibility. With increasing shares of fluctuating renewable energies, their value is even expected to increase, as – depending on the power plant type – they can store electricity. Therefore, an adequate representation of hydro power operation in large-scale electricity models is primordial. This paper aims to analyse empirically the operation of large-scale hydro reservoirs based on observed market data. We derive supply curves for hydro reservoirs in Norway based on electricity price and hydro production time series and analyse key influencing factors. To push further, we apply the resulting supply curves in a multi-region electricity market model and show how they may be used to perform historical and counterfactual simulations.     

基于Dupline总线的电动机就地启停试验系统

为消除在开关柜面板上操作实现传统的电厂电动机就地启停试验存在的安全隐患,提出了一种基于Dupline总线的电动机就地启停试验系统模型,该系统由试验区移动式按钮盒、试验区延长线、设备区移动接线、中央控制器及由试验回路箱构建的Dupline总线网络组成,通过对输入、输出模块的编址,用一套试验系统就可以完成全厂电动机的就地启停试验,确保了电动机的试验安全。     

可并网微型水力发电系统的控制研究

为提高偏远山区的用电质量、降低用电成本,依托山区微型水资源,在传统独立式微型水力发电系统基础上,提出了一种基于自励式不控异步发电机的可并网微型水力发电系统电路拓扑结构,采用带有输出电流反馈的电压闭环控制策略,以单位功率因数并网。利用补偿电容提供无功能量给异步电动机作微型水力系统发电部分,采用电力电子变换电路实现能量传输,减小并网能量损耗。通过搭建实验平台,验证了该系统的可行性。     

Hydro energy potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

The hydro energy of the gravity water flow from the coal-fired thermal power plant units to the river in an open cooling system of turbine condensers is determined. On the basis of statistical data for a long time period, the water net head duration curve due to the river annual level change, as well as the reduction of the hydro energy potential due to the thermal power plant overhauls periods, are evaluated in the case study of the Thermal Power Plant “Nikola Tesla B” in Serbia. A small hydro power plant is designed for the utilization of this hydro energy, and the economic benefits of the project are calculated. The internal rate of returns and pay back periods are calculated in dependence of the electricity price and total investment costs. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant might be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market. Even for the relatively low electricity price from small hydro power plants in Serbia of 0.08 €/kW h the internal rate of return and the pay back period are 17.5% and 5.5 years.     

A review on hydropower plant models and control

The recent increased number of black outs in the power system has been largely due to growing competition and deregulation among the power industry. Power systems are complex nonlinear systems and often exhibit low frequency electro-mechanical oscillations due to insufficient damping caused by severe operating conditions. This needs an advanced modeling and control techniques for effective control of power plants. In case of hydroelectric plant the hydro turbine is a non-linear, non-stationary multivariable system whose characteristics vary significantly with the unpredictable load on it and this presents a difficulty in designing an efficient and reliable controller. A conservatively designed control fails to perform as expected. Keeping this in mind, hydro plant control is an application area with an interesting set of problems for control engineering people. Mainly some of these problems focus towards regulation of turbine with large load variation in the power system. These problems have not been adequately solved and continue to pose challenges to the control community. In this review paper, the authors have tried to broadly categorize the research work done so far on the basis of hydro plant model development and its controller design under different sections. A substantial number of relevant research papers can be found on the plant modeling, design aspects of control methodologies and their performance study.     

基于改进粒子群算法的风光水互补发电系统短期调峰优化调度

风光水互补发电系统优化调度需要考虑风光电源的间歇性及波动性,同时还要处理梯级水库复杂的水力联系及不同电源之间的电力联系,因而建立风光水互补发电系统短期调峰优化调度模型,并采用粒子群算法进行求解,针对粒子群算法的早熟及后期收敛速度慢等问题,从惯性因子和种群拓扑结构两方面对粒子群算法进行改进,并对福建省电力调控中心管辖的12座常规水电站、木兰溪1座抽水蓄能电站、31座风电场、5座光伏电站组成的风光水多种电源互补系统进行数值分析。结果表明,所建模型能较好地实现对电网负荷的削峰填谷,所提算法显著提高了求解效率和求解质量,是一种解决风光水互补发电系统短期联合优化调峰调度实用性很强的有效算法。     

Power system optimization

Long-term gas purchase contracts usually determine delivery and payment for gas on the regular hourly basis, independently of demand side consumption. In order to use fuel gas in an economically viable way, optimization of gas distribution for covering consumption must be introduced. In this paper, a mathematical model of the electric utility system which is used for optimization of gas distribution over electric generators is presented. The utility system comprises installed capacity of 1500 MW of thermal power plants, 400 MW of combined heat and power plants, 330 MW of a nuclear power plant and 1600 MW of hydro power plants. Based on known demand curve the optimization model selects plants according to the prescribed criteria. Firstly it engages run-of-river hydro plants, then the public cogeneration plants, the nuclear plant and thermal power plants. Storage hydro plants are used for covering peak load consumption. In case of shortage of installed capacity, the cross-border purchase is allowed. Usage of dual fuel equipment (gas–oil), which is available in some thermal plants, is also controlled by the optimization procedure. It is shown that by using such a model it is possible to properly plan the amount of fuel gas which will be contracted. The contracted amount can easily be distributed over generators efficiently and without losses (no breaks in delivery). The model helps in optimizing of fuel gas–oil ratio for plants with combined burners and enables planning of power plants overhauls over a year in a viable and efficient way.     

Value of hydro power flexibility for hydrogen production in constrained transmission grids

The cost of large scale hydrogen production from electrolysis is dominated by the cost of electricity, representing 77–89% of the total costs. The integration of low-cost renewable energy is thus essential to affordable and clean hydrogen production from electrolysis. Flexible operation of electrolysis and hydro power can facilitate integration of remote energy resources by providing the flexibility that is needed in systems with large amounts of variable renewable energy. The flexibility from hydro power is limited by the physical complexities of the river systems and ecological concerns which makes the flexibility not easily quantifiable. In this work we investigate how different levels of flexibility from hydro power affects the cost of hydrogen production.We develop a two-stage stochastic model in a rolling horizon framework that enables us to consider the uncertainty in wind power production, energy storage and the structure of the energy market when simulating power system operation. This model is used for studying hydrogen production from electrolysis in a future scenario of a remote region in Norway with large wind power potential. A constant demand of hydrogen is assumed and flexibility in the electrolysis operation is enabled by hydrogen storage. Different levels of hydro power flexibility are considered by following a reservoir guiding curve every hour, 6 h or 24 h.Results from the case study show that hydrogen can be produced at a cost of 1.89 €/kg in the future if hydro power production is flexible within a period of 24 h, fulfilling industry targets. Flexible hydrogen production also contributes to significantly reducing wasted energy from spillage from reservoirs or wind power curtailment by up to 56% for 24 h of flexibility. The results also show that less hydro power flexibility results in increased flexible operation of the electrolysis plant where it delivers 39–46% more regulating power, operates more on higher power levels and stores more hydrogen.     

The features of sustainable Solar Hydroelectric Power Plant

This work presents the main features of the new power plant that comprises the modified reversible hydroelectric (HE) power plant operating together with the photovoltaic (PV) power plant. Such Solar Hydroelectric Power Plant (SHE) uses solar energy as the only input for production of solar and hydro energy. Thereat, water reservoir serves for daily and seasonal energy storage, thus basically solving the problem of energy storage, which is the biggest problem of wider use of solar energy. The most expensive part of SHE is the PV generator, whose optimal sizing is essential for providing energetic independence of a settlement or isolated consumer. A systematic approach that includes all relevant elements of this system has been implemented for optimal sizing of the PV power plant. The developed model was used in analysis of certain parameters of the SHE system. The results of the analysis show the system characteristics and that the proposed model describes the operation of the power plant very well. The feasibility and characteristics of the power plant were tested on electric energy supply of the island of Vis in Croatia. It has been established that the system is real, feasible and can be very successfully applied on different locations, for different consumers and can vary in size. The prerequisite for realization of such system is the construction of a modified reversible HE power plant. The presented SHE represents a permanently sustainable energy source that can continuously provide power supply to a consumer, using exclusively natural and renewable energy sources, without causing harmful effects on the environment.