An Updated Index Including Toughness for Hot-Cracking Susceptibility

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Hot cracking is one of the major defects that can occur in laser-based additive manufacturing. During the terminal stage of solidification, hot cracking...     

Updated Liquefaction Resistance Correction Factors for Aged Sands

Data from over 30 sites in 5 countries are analyzed to develop updated factors for correcting liquefaction resistance for aged sand deposits. Results of cyclic laboratory tests on relatively undisturbed and reconstituted specimens suggest an increase in the correction factors of 0.12 per log cycle of time and an average reference age of 2 days for the reconstitute specimens. Laboratory and field test results combined with cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) charts suggest an increase in the correction factors of 0.13 per log cycle of time and an average reference age of 23 years. A reference age of 23 years seems appropriate for the commonly used CRR charts derived from field liquefaction and no liquefaction case history data. Because age of natural deposits is often difficult to accurately determine, a relationship between measured to estimated shear-wave velocity ratio (MEVR) and liquefaction resistance correction factor is also derived directly from the compiled data. This new MEVR-liquefaction resistance correction factor relationship is not as sensitive to MEVR as in the relationship derived indirectly in a previous paper.     

Index Properties-Based Criteria for Liquefaction Susceptibility of Clayey Soils: A Critical Assessment

The Cooper marl in Charleston, S.C., a deep layer of clayey soils approximately 5–21?m below the ground surface, is generally recognized as nonliquefiable material. Data from field cone penetration tests and laboratory tests of samples taken from the Cooper marl are used to investigate the adequacy of index properties-based criteria for assessing liquefaction susceptibility of clayey soils. In particular, the criterion based on soil behavior type index (Ic) and that based on Atterberg limits are examined. The results show that the Atterberg limits-based criterion adequately reflected the characteristics of the marl, whereas the Ic-based criterion erroneously identified the marl as being liquefiable. A possible reason for the deficiency of Ic and a modification to overcome this deficiency are presented.     

Correction for range restriction: An expanded typology.

A common research problem is the estimation of the population correlation between x and y from an observed correlation rxy obtained from a sample that has been restricted because of some sample selection process. Methods of correcting sample correlations for range restriction in a limited set of conditions are well-known. An expanded classification scheme for range-restriction scenarios is developed that conceptualizes range-restriction scenarios from various combinations of the following facets: (a) the variable(s) on which selection occurs (x, y and/or a 3rd variable z), (b) whether unrestricted variances for the relevant variables are known, and (c) whether a 3rd variable, if involved, is measured or unmeasured. On the basis of these facets, the authors describe potential solutions for 11 different range-restriction scenarios and summarize research to date on these techniques. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correction to: Technology for Production of Monodisperse Spherical Granules

Metallurgist - Figure 5 on page 655 is incorrect. The correct Fig. 5 is     

Correction to: Ensuring High Performance Characteristics for Explosion-Welded Bimetals

The authors’ affiliation should read Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Kremenchug, Ukraine.     

"An algorithm for identifying nonsystematic delay-discounting data": Correction to Johnson and Bickel (2008).

Reports an error in "An algorithm for identifying nonsystematic delay-discounting data" by Matthew W. Johnson and Warren K. Bickel (Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2008[Jun], Vol 16[3], 264-274). Several misprints occurred and should read as follows: 1) Warren K. Bickel is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. It appears correctly in this erratum. 2) The first sentence in the abstract should read "Several discounting studies have used the R2 measure to identify data with poor fits to a mathematical discounting model as nonsystematic data to be eliminated." 3) In Table 2, the last row of column one should read "Madden opioid". 4) In the last line of the caption of Figure 2, "though" should read "through". (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2008-06716-009.) Several previous discounting studies have use the R2 measure to identify data sets with poor fits to a mathematical discounting model as nonsystematic data to be eliminated before further analyses are conducted. Data from three previous delay-discounting studies (six separate groups, with a total of 161 individuals) were used to demonstrate why using R2 to assess the fits of discounting data is problematic. A significant, positive correlation between discounting rate parameter and R2 was found in most groups, showing that R2 is more stringent as a measure of fit for low discounting rates than for high discounting rates. Furthermore, it is suggested that identifying nonsystematic data based on any measure of fit to a mathematical discounting model may be problematic because it confounds discounting rate comparison with the issue of discounting model assessment. Therefore, a model-free method to identify nonsystematic data is needed. An algorithm for identifying nonsystematic data is presented that is based on the expectation of a monotonically decreasing discounting function. This algorithm identified 13 cases out of the 161 reanalyzed data sets as nonsystematic. These nonsystematic data are presented, along with examples of data not identified as nonsystematic. This algorithm, or modifications of it, may be useful in a variety of human and nonhuman animal discounting studies (e.g., delay discounting, probability discounting) as an alternative to the R2 measure for identifying nonsystematic data. The algorithm may be used in empirical investigations to improve discounting methodology, and may be used to identify outliers to be removed from analyses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

岩金矿山级差品位指标的探讨

在分析岩金矿山开采特点的基础上，把矿山开采划分为开拓、采准、备采和存窿放矿4个阶段，相应的形成开拓矿量、采准矿量、备采矿量和存窿矿量．各阶段所投入的费用和劳动消耗逐级累积增加，而相应的各阶段则逐级减少．相应各阶段生产矿量的最低工业品位要求逐级降低．所需求的最低工业品位只担负偿还该阶段及以后为开采它所需的费用和劳动消耗．提出建立岩金矿山生产矿量级差品位指标系列和计算公式，来不断研究、分析、衡量开采矿块（块段）所处的生产阶段，确定它的经济价值和资源利用程度，指导矿山采准、采矿、出矿、配矿的生产，达到提高矿山企业经济效益，充分利用资源，延长矿山服务年限的目的．     

"Perceived parental social support and academic achievement: An attachment perspective": Correction to Cutrona et al.

Reports an error in "Perceived parental social support and academic achievement: An attachment theory perspective" by Carolyn E. Cutrona, Valerie Cole, Nicholas Colangelo, Susan G. Assouline and Daniel W. Russell (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1994[Feb], Vol 66[2], 369-378). This article, which appeared in the Personality and Individual Differences section, was accepted for publication by Guest Editor Irwin Sarason. We wish to thank Professor Sarason for his help and to apologize for our oversight in not acknowledging this contribution. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1994-31441-001.) Tested the extent to which parental social support predicted college GPA among undergraduates. A sample of 418 undergraduates completed the Social Provisions Scale--Parent Form (C. E. Cutrona; see record 1990-01422-001) and measures of family conflict and achievement orientation. American College Testing (ACT) Assessment Program college entrance exam scores (American College Testing Program, 1986) and GPA were obtained from the university registrar. Parental social support, especially reassurance of worth, predicted college GPA when controlling for academic aptitude (ACT scores), family achievement orientation, and family conflict. Support from parents, but not from friends or romantic partners, significantly predicted GPA. Results are interpreted in the context of adult attachment theory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An alternative to the computational Speech Intelligibility Index estimates: Direct measurement of Rectangular Passband Intelligibilities.

The need for determining the relative intelligibility of passbands spanning the speech spectrum has been addressed by publications of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When the Articulation Index (AI) standard (ANSI, S3.5, 1969, R1986) was developed, available filters confounded passband and slope contributions. The AI procedure and its updated successor, the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) standard (ANSI, S3.5, 1997, R2007), cancel slope contributions by using intelligibility scores for partially masked highpass and lowpass speech to calculate passband importance values; these values can be converted to passband intelligibility predictions using transfer functions. However, by using very high-order digital filtering, it is now possible to eliminate contributions from filter skirts and produce rectangular passbands. Employing the same commercial recording and the same one-octave passbands published in the SII standard (Table B.3), the present study compares Rectangular Passband Intelligibility (RPI) with SII estimates of intelligibility. The directly measured RPI differs from the computational SII predictions. Advantages resulting from direct measurement are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Preference trees: Correction to Tversky and Sattath.

Reports an error in the original article by Tversky and Sattath (Psychological Review, 1979, Vol. 86, No. 6, pp. 542-573). The last line in the right-hand column on page 551 is incorrect. The corrected line is provided. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1980-10918-001.) Presents a probabilistic choice model called preference tree or pretree that describes choice as a covert hierarchical elimination process. Each alternative is represented as a measurable collection of aspects, and the entire ensemble of aspects is assumed to have a tree structure. At each stage, one selects an aspect (i.e., a branch of the tree) with a probability that is proportional to its measure and eliminates all alternatives not belonging to the selected branch. The process continues until a single alternative remains. Pretree is considerably more parsimonious than the more general model of elimination by aspects, and at the same time it is much less restrictive than models that assume that the strength of preference of one alternative over another is independent of other alternatives. An additional interpretation of pretree as an aggregate model is developed, and necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of tree representations for binary choice probabilities are established. Pretree fits several sets of individual and aggregate choice probabilities and explains the prevalent violations of the constant ratio rule. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Client-therapist complementarity: An analysis of the Gloria films": Correction.

Reports an error in "Client-therapist complementarity: An analysis of the Gloria films" by Donald J. Kiesler and Chesley S. Goldston (Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1988[Apr], Vol 35[2], 127-133). The date of receipt indicated for the revision of this article was incorrect. The correct date of receipt is provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1988-36446-001.) In this investigation of Shostrom's (1966) psychotherapy demonstration films, we used a checklist inventory measure derived from the 1982 Interpersonal Circle to examine the interpersonal behavior of Gloria, her three therapists, and their respective transaction patterns. Groups of undergraduate raters observed the three films, after which they rated the interpersonal behavior of either Gloria or the therapist. Analyses of Interpersonal Circle axes and segment scores revealed significant differences in the interpersonal behaviors of the three therapists with Gloria and of Gloria with the three therapists. Analyses of transactional patterns showed departures of Gloria's behaviors from the perfect complementary fit predicted from each of the therapist's interpersonal profiles, especially for behaviors categorized on the hostile half of the Interpersonal Circle. Discussion emphasized the complex of dyadic mix and other contextual factors that need to be addressed in future interpersonal studies of psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Learning myopia: An adaptive recency effect in category learning": Correction to Jones and Sieck (2003).

Reports an error in "Learning myopia: An adaptive recency effect in category learning" by Matt Jones and Winston R. Sieck (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2003[Jul], Vol 29[4], 626-640). On page 633, Table 2, the values in columns (T, P) and (P, T) in the dual condition row incorrectly read .10 and .90, respectively. The correct values are .90 and .10, respectively. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2003-06626-013.) Recency effects (REs) have been well established in memory and probability learning paradigms but have received little attention in category learning research. Extant categorization models predict REs to be unaffected by learning, whereas a functional interpretation of REs, suggested by results in other domains, predicts that people are able to learn sequential dependencies and incorporate this information into their responses. These contrasting predictions were tested in 2 experiments involving a classification task in which outcome sequences were autocorrelated. Experiment 1 showed that reliance on recent outcomes adapts to the structure of the task, in contrast to models' predictions. Experiment 2 provided constraints on how sequential information is learned and suggested possible extensions to current models to account for this learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)