Role of MgO in lowering glass transition temperature and increasing hardness of lithium silicate glass and glass-ceramics

The effect of variation of MgO (1.5, 4.5 and 7.5 mol%) content on glass structure, crystallization behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties in a Li₂O–K₂O–Na₂O–CaO–MgO–ZrO₂–Al₂O₃–P₂O₅–SiO₂ glass system has been reported here. Increased amount of MgO enhanced the participation of Al₂O₃ as a glass network former along with [SiO₄] tetrahedra, reducing the amount of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) and increasing bridging oxygen (BO) amount in glass. The increased BO in glass resulted in a polymerized glass structure which suppressed the crystallization and subsequently increased the crystallization temperature, bulk density, nano hardness, elastic modulus in the glasses as well as the corresponding glass-ceramics. MgO addition caused phase separation in higher MgO (7.5 mol%) containing glass system which resulted in larger crystals. The nano hardness (～10 GPa) and elastic modulus (～127 GPa) values were found to be on a much higher side in 7.5 mol% MgO containing glass-ceramics as compared to lower MgO containing glass-ceramics.     

Characterization of the low temperature firing BaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass: The effect of BaO content

In the low temperature sinterable glass system of BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂, the structural changes of the glasses and the resultant changes in the properties of the glasses were examined as a function of BaO content. ¹¹B MAS-NMR analysis was conducted in order to examine the coordination number of borons in the glass. It showed that the amount of O₄ was greatest at 35 mol% of BaO. The glass transition temperature, hardness, thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant of the glasses were examined and the results were explained on the basis of the structural change.     

Synthesis,FTIR, and mechanical as well as radiation shielding characteristics in Nd2O3-doped bismuth lithium borate glasses

A melt quenching method was applied to fabricate a series of bismuth lithium borate glasses with a chemical composition of 65(B₂O₅) + 20(Bi₂O₃) + (15 ? x)(Li₂O) + x(Nd₂O₃), where x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mol%. The structural changes in the fabricate glasses were studied via the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The FT-IR spectra of the manufactured glasses indicated the transformation of the structural unit BO₄. The mechanical properties of the produced glasses were evaluated via the ultrasonic measurement (longitudinal and shear velocities) and the Makishima–Mackenzie modulus calculations. Furthermore, the role of Nd₂O₃ in improving mechanical properties was studied theoretically and experimentally and results showed that ultrasonic velocities and elastic moduli decreased with increasing the Nd₂O₃ content. The Young's modulus decreased from 68.47 to 50.61 GPa as the Nd₂O₃ content increased from 0 to 4 mol%, respectively. The gamma ray shielding properties of the studied glass samples were evaluated using the Monte Carlo simulations between 0.223 and 2.506 MeV. The simulated data showed that the fabricated glass without Nd₂O₃ has the highest linear attenuation coefficient, which varied between 0.210 and 0.212 cm^?1 for photons with energies ranging from 0.2234 to 2.506 MeV.     

Influence of Boron Oxide on the Physicomechanical Properties of Glasses in the Li2O–B2O3–P2O5 System

The mechanical properties of glasses in the Li₂O–B₂O₃–P₂O₅ system are investigated as a function of the boron oxide content in the range from 5 to 30 mol % at a constant lithium oxide content of 45 mol %. It is demonstrated that, as the B₂O₃ content increases, the density of glasses passes through a maximum at 20 mol % B₂O₃ and the molar volume decreases gradually. The elastic modulus and the hardness of glasses monotonically increase with an increase in the B₂O₃ content. An increase in the B₂O₃ content leads to a decrease in the structural strength (measured using the method of three-point bending of fibers) and the fracture toughness (determined by the microindentation technique). The assumption is made that the decrease in the strength characteristics is caused by the phase separation developed in the structure of lithium phosphate glass with an increase in the B₂O₃ content.     

Influence of Bi2O3/WO3 substitution on the optical,mechanical, chemical durability and gamma ray shielding properties of lithium-borate glasses

Six different lithium bismuth boro-tungstate glasses with chemical composition 20Li₂O-(20-x)Bi₂O₃-xWO₃-60B₂O₃ (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mol%) were produced by the quenching method. Then, the glasses were investigated by means of their optical, mechanical, chemical durability and gamma ray shielding properties. Measured values of density and ultrasonic velocities were used to determine the elastic properties of the glasses. The optical band gap determined using the absorbance spectrum fitting (ASF) model was found to decrease under Bi₂O₃/WO₃ substitution. The presence of BO₃, BO₄, BiO₆, and WO₄ structural groups in the glasses was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The dissolution rate in the glass 20Li₂O–15Bi₂O₃–5WO₃–60B₂O₃ (LBWB5) was found to be 10 times lower than 20Li₂O-20Bi₂O₃– 60B₂O₃. Mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) values of the produced glasses were determined using the MCNPX Monte Carlo code and Phy-X/PSD program. The photon attenuation parameters such as half value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Z_eff), exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) were also studied. The obtained results showed that Bi₂O₃/WO₃ substitution has a direct impact on the photon attenuation abilities of produced glasses. More specifically, HVL values increased from 0.252 × 10^?2 cm for LBWB0 glass to 0.275 × 10^?2 cm for LBWB5 glass. However, different trends were observed for the photon buildup factors for the produced glasses. It can be concluded that the produced glasses have promising structural, optical, and photon attenuation properties to be used for gamma shielding applications.     

High-performance microwave dielectric glass-ceramic with fine secondary structure for ULTCC application

x ZnO- (100-x) B₂O₃ (x = 45–64 mol%) glass-ceramics for ULTCC applications were prepared via the solid-state reaction method, and their crystallization behavior, sintering mechanism, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. In this work, the zinc boron binary glasses can be formed in the range of 45–73 mol% ZnO content, and the glass with 55 mol% ZnO content has the highest glass-forming ability. The Zn₄B₆O₁₃ crystal is formed in binary ZnO-B₂O₃ glass at 640 °C, which is much lower than that in ceramics. The glass-ceramics exhibit large grains with 5 ～ 10 µm consisting of fine and uniform secondary structures. The precipitation of Zn₄B₆O₁₃ crystal and the refinement secondary structure improves the microwave dielectric properties. The 55 ZnO - 45 B₂O₃ glass-ceramic sintered at 640 °C for 5 h exhibits the optimum microwave dielectric properties of ε_r = 6.09, Q×f = 20,389 GHz, τ_f = 14 ppm/°C, and also high Vickers hardness of 625 kgf/mm² and good chemical compatibility with Ag or Al electrode, which is a good candidate for ULTCC substrate materials.     

Effect of Bi2O3 content on sintering and crystallization behavior of low-temperature firing Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glasses

The sintering behavior of a Pb-free Bi₂O₃–B₂O₃–SiO₂ glass system was examined as a function of Bi₂O₃ content. The glass transition temperature and the crystallization temperature of the glasses decreased with different decreasing gradients as the Bi₂O₃ content increased. The change in temperature affected the sintering behaviors of the glasses. In the case of the 40 mol% Bi₂O₃ addition, large pore accompanied over-firing phenomenon was observed when the sample was sintered over the optimum sintering temperature. However, over-firing was not observed in the sample with 45 mol% of Bi₂O₃ because of the crystallized phases during sintering. When the Bi₂O₃ content was 50–55 mol%, the crystallization temperature became lower than the glass transition temperature, which resulted in the crystallization of glass and it hindered densification.     

Bismuth and lead oxides codoped boron phosphate glasses for Faraday rotators

New magneto-optical vitreous materials were obtained by melting-quenching technique comprising wet route raw materials preparation. The glass has the following composition in oxide mol. %: 10 Li₂O, 9 Al₂O₃, 5 ZnO, (35; 20; 50) B₂O₃, (35; 50; 20) P₂O₅, 3 Bi₂O₃, 3 PbO, phosphorus and boron oxide being the vitreous network formers. It was also prepared a similar reference glass composition but without Bi₂O₃ and PbO. Optical and structural characterization by ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman Spectroscopy of the bulk glasses showed a transmission over 90%, metaphosphate structure of glass together with Q² boron oxide units and P–O?B bonds. The mechanical parameters, hardness (H), Young's modulus (E) and fracture toughness (K_IC) of boron phosphate glasses, evaluated by micro- and nanoindentation techniques, demonstrated mostly higher values in comparison with those for alumino-phosphate glasses due to mixed boro-phosphate network. Thermal behavior was investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) putting in evidence the vitreous transition temperature which decreases with about 45 °C when Bi and Pb oxides were added and two crystallization effects. The diamagnetic character of a highly transparent Bi and Pb oxide co-doped boron phosphate glass was confirmed by ellipsometry, and the glass presented high magneto-optical properties at the top of the commercial bulk products.     

Transport of potassium ions in niobium phosphate glasses

The influence of Nb₂O₅ on the structure and ionic conductivity of potassium phosphate glasses was investigated in glasses with composition xNb₂O₅–(100-x)[0.45K₂O–0.55P₂O₅], x = 10–47 mol%. The Raman spectra of glasses reveal a transition from predominantly orthophosphate to predominantly niobate glass network with increasing Nb₂O₅ content. In the glass structure, niobium forms NbO₆ octahedra which are interlinked with phosphate units for the glass containing 10 mol% Nb₂O₅, but for higher Nb₂O₅ content they become mutually interconnected via Nb-O-Nb bonds. The transport of potassium ions was found to be strongly dependent on the structural characteristics of the glass network. While the mixed niobate-phosphate glass network hinders the diffusion of potassium ions by providing traps that immobilize them and/or by blocking the conduction pathways, predominantly niobate glass network exhibits a rather facilitating effect which is evidenced in the trend of DC conductivity as well as in the features of the frequency-dependent conductivity and typical hopping lengths of potassium ions.     

Preparation,characterization, and mechanical-optical properties of telluro-borate glasses containing tungsten

The current work is interested in the preparation, characterization, and mechanical-optical properties of the glasses in the (75-x)B₂O₃–10SrO–8TeO₂–7ZnO−xWO₃ system, with (x = 0 (BSTZW0), 1 (BSTZW1), 5 (BSTZW2), 10 (BSTZW3), 22 (BSTZW4), 27 (BSTZW5), 34 (BSTZW6), and 40 mol% (BSTZW7). The preparation of the glasses has involved the melt-quenching route. The new glasses are characterized by different characterization techniques using densimeter, microhardness, Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible absorption and emission, and X-ray diffraction. Photoluminescence can determine the impact of substituting B₂O₃ with WO₃ on the mechanical-optical parameters and the structure of the present glasses. The prepared samples’ X-ray patterns showed amorphous states. The density value rises from 2.88 to 4.50 g/cm3, with the amount of WO₃ rising from 0 to 40 mol% as a result of the difference in molecular weight between WO₃ and B₂O₃. The Vickers microhardness (Hv) rises as the amount of WO₃ increases as a result of a decrease in free volume and the formation of covalent bonds. The elastic moduli were found to increase when the WO₃ concentrations increased from 0 to 40 mol%. This increase depends on the formation of bridging oxygen atoms. The Raman bands are designed to correspond to the bonds that form the structure of the current glass and detect the insertion of WO₃ content by the attribution of the new W–O–W and W–O bonds. The UV–Visible spectroscopy analysis showed no band characteristic for the reduced species of W⁵⁺ ions identified by dark blue. However, the photoluminescence spectra showed emission bands (under excitation at 300 nm) that are associated with the active centers of W⁴⁺, W⁵⁺, and W⁶⁺ ions.     

Residual stress versus microstructural effects on the strength and toughness of phase-separated PbO–B2O3–Al2O3 glasses

A few authors have reasonably proposed that liquid–liquid phase-separated (LLPS) glasses could show improved fracture strength, S_f, and toughness, K_Ic, as the second phase could provide a barrier to crack propagation via deflection, bowing, trapping, or bridging. Due to the associated tensile or compressive residual stresses, the second phase could also act as a toughening or a weakening mechanism. In this work, we investigated five glasses of the PbO–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃ system spanning across the miscibility gap: Four of them undergo LLPS—three are binodal (two B₂O₃-rich and one PbO-rich) and one is spinodal—and one does not show LLPS (composition outside the miscibility gap). Their compositions were designed in such a way that the amorphous particles are under compressive residual stresses in some and under tensile residual stresses in others. The following mechanical properties were determined: the Vickers hardness, ball on three balls (B3B) strength, and toughness, K_Ic-SEVNB (single-edge V-notch beam [SEVNB]). The microstructures and compositions were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The spinodal glass showed, by far, the best mechanical properties. Its K_Ic-SEVNB = 1.6 ± 0.1 MPa m^1/2, which embodies an increase of almost 50% over the B₂O₃-rich binodal composition, and 90% considering the PbO-rich binodal composition. Moreover, its fracture strength, S_f = 166 ± 7 MPa, is one of the highest ones ever reported for an LLPS glass. Fracture analyses evidenced that the spinodal composition exhibited the lowest net stress at the fracture point. Moreover, calculations indicate that the internal residual stress level is the lowest in the spinodal glass. The overall results indicate that the microstructural effect of the spinodal glass is the most significant factor for its superior mechanical properties. This work corroborates the idea that LLPS provides a feasible and stimulating solution to improve the mechanical properties of glasses.     

Effect of Al2O3 content on BaO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glass sealant for solid oxide fuel cell

The glass structure, wetting behavior and crystallization of BaO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–SiO₂ system glass containing 2–10 mol% Al₂O₃ were investigated. The introduction of Al₂O₃ caused the conversion of [BO₃] units and [BO₄] units to each other and it played as glass network former when the content was up to 10 mol%, accompanied by [BO₄] → [BO₃]. The stability of the glass improved first and then decreased as Al₂O₃ increased from 2 to 10 mol%, the glass with 5 mol% Al₂O₃ being the most stable one. The wetting behavior of the glasses indicates that excess Al₂O₃ leads to high sealing temperature. The glass containing 5 mol% Al₂O₃ characterized by a lower sealing temperature is suitable for SOFC sealing. Al₂O₃ improves the crystallization temperature of the glass. The crystal phases in the reheated glasses are mainly composed of Ba₂Si₃O₈, BaSiO₃, BaB₂O₄ and BaAl₂Si₂O₈. Al₂O₃ helps the crystallization of BaSiO₃ and BaAl₂Si₂O₈.     

Gel-derived SiO2–CaO–P2O5 bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics modified by SrO addition

The effect of SrO substitution for CaO in two sol–gel glasses with different chemical compositions (mol%) A2Sr: (54−x)CaO–xSrO–6P₂O₅–40SiO₂ and S2Sr: (16−x)CaO–xSrO–4P₂O₅–80SiO₂ (x=0, 1, 3 and 5) stabilized at 700 °C on their structure (XRD, FTIR) and bioactive properties (SBF test) was investigated. Preliminary in vitro tests using human articular chondrocytes of selected A2Sr glass were also conducted. Moreover, the subject of this study was to detect the changes on material properties after heat treatment at 1300 °C. The results show that the effect of strontium substitution on structure, bioactivity and crystallization after treatment at both the above temperatures strongly depends on CaO/SiO₂ molar ratio. The presence of 3–5 mol% of strontium ions creates more expanded glass structure but does not markedly affect crystallization ability after low temperature treatment. Sintering at 1300 °C of A2 type glasses results in crystallization of pseudowollastonite, hydroxyapatite and also Sr-substituted hydroxyapatite for 3–5 mol% of SrO substitution. The increase of strontium concentration in silica-rich materials after sintering leads to appearance of calcium strontium phosphate instead of calcium phosphate. Bioactivity evaluation indicates that substitution of Sr for Ca delays calcium phosphate formation on the materials surface only in the case of silica-rich glasses treated at 700 °C. Calcium-rich glasses, after both temperature treatments, reveals high bioactivity, while crystal size of hydroxyapatite decreases with increasing Sr content. High temperature treatment of high-silica glasses inhibits their bioactivity. Preliminary in vitro tests shows Sr addition to have a positive effects on human articular chondrocytes proliferation and to inhibit cell matrix biomineralization.     

Effect of boron oxide on the microstructure of mullite-based glass-ceramic glazes for floor-tiles in the CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system

The effect of increasing replacement of Al₂O₃ by B₂O₃ in a parent glass on the sintering and further crystallization of mullite was investigated. The composition of the parent glass was chosen in the mullite primary phase field of the CaO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ quaternary system. Glass powder pellets were heated under standard (10 °C/min and 2 h of hold time) and fast heatings (25 °C/min and 5 min of hold time) at different temperatures from 700 to 1190 °C. Sintering of B₂O₃-containing glasses took place in the range between 850 and 1050 °C. X-ray diffraction results showed that mullite formed as unique crystalline phase for glasses containing amounts of B₂O₃ larger than 6 wt%. For lower amounts of boron oxide cordierite was formed as secondary crystalline phase. Quantitative determination of mullite by Rietveld analysis indicated that the higher amount of mullite present in the glass-ceramic fast heated at 1160 °C was 19.5 wt% for the glass containing 9 wt% of B₂O₃. The final microstructure of the glass-ceramic glazes showed the presence of well shaped, long acicular mullite crystals dispersed within the residual glassy phase. Results of glass-ceramic glazes when applied as slurry and under industrial heating conditions pointed out promising mechanical properties.     

Influence of Al2O3/SiO2 ratio in multicomponent LNAS glasses and glass-ceramics on the crystallization behavior,microstructure and mechanical performance

Transparent glass-ceramics containing eucryptite and nepheline crystalline phases were prepared from alkali (Li, Na) aluminosilicate glasses with various mole substitutions of Al₂O₃ for SiO₂. The relationships between glass network structure and crystallization behavior of Li₂O–Na₂O–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ (LNAS) glasses were investigated. It was found that the crystallization of the eucryptite and nepheline in LNAS glasses significantly depended on the concentration of Al₂O₃. LNAS glasses with the addition of Al₂O₃ from 16 to 18 mol% exhibited increasing Q⁴ (mAl) structural units confirmed by NMR and Raman spectroscopy, which promoted the formation of eucryptite and nepheline crystalline phases. With the Al₂O₃ content increasing to 19–20 mol%, the formation of highly disordered (Li, Na)₃PO₄ phase which can serve as nucleation sites was inhibited and the crystallization mechanism of glass became surface crystallization. Glass-ceramics containing 18 mol% Al₂O₃ showed high transparency ～84% at 550 nm. Moreover, the microhardness, elastic modulus and fracture toughness are 8.56 GPa, 95.7 GPa and 0.78 MPa m^1/2 respectively. The transparent glass-ceramics with good mechanical properties show high potential in the applications of protective cover of displays.     

Impact of TeO2–B2O3 manipulation on physical,structural, optical and radiation shielding properties of Ho/Yb codoped mixed glass former borotellurite glass

In this work, (75-x)B₂O₃-xTeO₂-11Bi₂O₃–10Li₂O-1Ho₂O₃-3Yb₂O₃ (x = 10–60 mol%) mixed glass former (MGF) glasses were prepared by using the melt-quenching method to investigate the effect of mixed glass former between B₂O₃ and TeO₂ on the structural, optical and radiation shielding properties of glass. The amorphous nature of the glass samples was confirmed through XRD measurement. Optical ultraviolet–visible light (UV–Vis) spectroscopy revealed that the direct and indirect optical band gap (E_opt) decreased as TeO₂ content increased except for the anomaly at x = 30 mol% due to the interchanging dominance of bridging oxygen (BO) and non-bridging oxygen (NBO) in the glass network. Both direct and indirect refractive indices, n posted an increment except for x = 30 mol% due to polarizability influence of BO and NBO. Urbach energy, E_u declined thus indicating lesser disorder and less defects on the glass structure. The radiation shielding properties of the glass samples were determined for 15 keV–15 MeV photon energy range by using Phy-X/PSD software. Atomic number-dependent parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) and effective atomic number (Z_eff) demonstrated an enhanced performances caused by higher Z of Te over B. Meanwhile, density-dependent parameters such as linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean-free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL) and tenth-value layer (TVL) all exhibited an improvement over TeO₂ concentration due to higher density data obtained.     

Self-reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in europium-doped Li2B4O7 glass prepared in air

Motivated by the detection of neutrons, europium-doped Li₂B₄O₇ glasses enriched with both lithium and boron elements with high cross-section capture were developed. A highly effective method of realizing the self-reduction of Eu³⁺ to Eu²⁺ ions in europium-doped Li₂B₄O₇ glasses prepared by high temperature melt-quenching technology in air was revealed. The self-reduction of Eu³⁺ to Eu²⁺ ions can be easily achieved by the partial replacement of B₂O₃ with BN within 2 mol% concentration. And the effect of partially replacing B₂O₃ with BN on the optical properties of europium-doped Li₂B₄O₇ glass are systematically studied by transmittance, photoluminescence, and radioluminescence spectra, together with the luminescence decay curves.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Biological Evaluation of a New Sol-Gel Derived B and Zn-Containing Bioactive Glass: <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Vitro</Emphasis> Study

In this study we employed the sol-gel method to synthesize new CaO–P₂O₅–SiO₂–ZnO–B₂O₃ bioactive glasses. Three samples with various B₂O₃ content (5, 10 and 15 mol %) was prepared and their bioactivity were evaluated by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and the glasses were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results revealed that with increasing the amount of boron content, a more crystalline domain can be observed in their XRD patterns and consequently the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) increased. FTIR spectra showed that the sample containing 10 mol% of boron had the sharpest peaks attributed to the formation of hydroxyapatite. Biocompatibility of the samples was examined by MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase activity. The result ascertained that the synthesized bioactive glass had good biocompatibility and can serve as a bone substitute in bone defects.     

Tuning the interfacial reaction between CaO–SrO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2 sealing glass–ceramics and Cr-containing interconnect: Crystalline structure vs. glass structure

In this paper, Al₂O₃ was added to CaO–SrO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ sealing system to tailor the structure of sealing glass–ceramics and glass–ceramics/metal interfacial reaction. The addition of alumina in glasses contributes to increasing fraction of bridging oxygen in silica tetrahedral as well as the change in boron environment from three-fold to four-fold (BO₄ → BO₃). The devitrification tendency of glasses also decreases with increasing Al₂O₃ content. The condensed glass structure and increasing residual glass content play opposite roles on the interfacial reaction, consequently resulting in a maximum fraction of Cr⁶⁺ in reaction couples between Cr₂O₃ and glass containing 6 mole% Al₂O₃ at 700 °C. In addition, the good bonding can be observed at the interface between Cr-containing interconnect (Crofer 22APU) and glass containing 4 mole% Al₂O₃, held at 700 °C for 100 h. The reported results support the suitability of the prepared glass–ceramics as sealing materials for SOFC applications.     

Fabrication,tunable fluorescence emission and energy transfer of Tm3+-Dy3+ co-activated P2O5–B2O3–SrO–K2O glasses

A growing demand for white light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) gives rise to continuous exploration of functional fluorescence glasses. In this paper, Tm³⁺/Dy³⁺ single- and co-doped glasses with composition (in mol%) of 30P₂O₅–10B₂O₃–23SrO–37K₂O were synthesized using the melt-quenching method in air. The physical properties, glass structure, luminescence characteristics and energy transfer mechanism of the glasses were systematically studied. As glass network modifiers, Tm³⁺ and Dy³⁺ ions can densify the glass structure. Excitation wavelength and doping concentration of Tm³⁺/Dy³⁺ ions have a direct impact on the emission intensities of blue and orange light as well as the color coordinate of the as-prepared glasses. A white light very close to standard white light can be obtained under 354 nm excitation when the content of Tm³⁺ and Dy³⁺ is 0.2 mol% and 1.0 mol%, respectively. The results of the emission spectra and decay curves reveal the existence of energy transfer from Tm³⁺ to Dy³⁺. The analytic results based on the Inokuti-Hirayama model indicate that the electrical dipole-dipole interaction may be the main mechanism of energy transfer. Moreover, Tm³⁺/Dy³⁺ co-activated glass phosphor has good thermal stability and chrominance stability and it is a promising candidate for white LEDs and display device.