具有核壳结构的AAS接枝弹性体对聚氯乙烯树脂的共混改性

丙烯腈-丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯共聚物(AAS树脂)又称ASA树脂即一种耐候型丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS树脂),是一种新型树脂及高效树脂改性剂.本文采用乳液接枝——树脂共混法制备AAS树脂工艺:以丙烯酸丁酯为聚合单体,采用乳液聚合方法制备大粒径交联聚丙烯酸酯胶乳,以其作为接枝主干物,与共聚单体进行接枝聚合,再进行凝...     

ASA中橡胶相的交联程度对ASA/SAN共混物性能的影响

采用种子乳液聚合法合成了一系列交联程度不同的核壳结构丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(ASA),将其与苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(SAN树脂)熔融共混,制得ASA/SAN共混物。利用冲击试验仪、动态力学热分析仪(DMA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段,考察橡胶相的交联程度对ASA/SAN共混物的性能和形态的影响。结果表明:随着橡胶相交联程度的提高,ASA/SAN共混物的缺口冲击强度先增大后减小。当ASA的橡胶相交联剂含量为1.0%时,ASA/SAN共混物的力学性能最好。此外,共混物试样的断面形态得出的结果与其力学性能相一致。     

PVC/α-MSAN/ASA共混物的结构与性能研究

采用乳液聚合技术合成了一系列不同核壳比的丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝共聚物(ASA)和组成为69/31的α-甲基苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(α-MSAN)。将ASA接枝共聚物与聚氯乙烯(PVC)和α-MSAN熔融共混制备了PVC/α-MSAN/ASA共混物,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对该共混体系的性能与形态进行了表征。结果表明:随着体系中橡胶含量的增加,PVC/α-MSAN/ASA共混物的冲击强度先增大后减小,拉伸强度则逐渐降低,其中橡胶含量为15%的共混物具有较高的韧性;当ASA接枝共聚物的核壳比逐渐增大时,共混物的冲击强度先增大后减小,而拉伸强度基本不变;此外,共混试样的断面形态与其力学性能相符。     

热变形改性剂的合成及表征

用乳液聚合法合成了聚丁二烯胶乳／丙烯酸丁酯／α-甲基苯乙烯／丙烯腈／苯乙烯接枝共聚物。该共聚物在低温时显示出良好的抗冲击性能，并具有良好的耐热性能。通过自动热变形温度试验机、凝胶渗透色谱分析等手段对共聚物的热变形温度、分子量及其分布进行了表征。考查了弹性体含量对共聚体系的耐热性及抗冲击性能的影响。该热变形改性剂用于PVC共混改性，取得了较好的效果。     

明胶接枝共聚物在胶片中的应用研究

对明胶和丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）、明胶和丙烯腈（ＡＮ）的二元接枝共聚物Ｇｅｌ－ｐＢＡ、Ｇｅｌ－ｇ－ｐＡＮ，以及明胶和丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯腈的三元接枝共聚物Ｇｅｌ－ｇ－ｐ（ＢＡ－ＡＮ）乳液在胶片护膜层中的应用进行了研究，考察了接枝共聚乳液对胶片物理机构性能的影响。结果表明，Ｇｅｌ－ｇ－ｐ（ＢＡ－ＡＮ）共聚物乳液伯加入能显著地降低胶片的吸水率，提高胶片的渗透性能、抗划伤性能（干、湿态和）耐折性能等。     

Gel-g-(BA-AN)接枝共聚物乳液粒度的研究

在合成Gel-g-(BA-AN)~*明胶三元接枝共聚物乳液时,通过改变引发剂(K_2S_2O_8)用量的方法,可以调节共聚物乳液粒度的大小;将含有不同平均粒度的乳液应用于胶片的护膜层中,测定乳液粒度对胶片的物机性能的影响。结果表明,改变引发剂的用量,不仅对乳液的粒度有重要影响,而且对接枝共聚物乳液的其它接枝参数也有重要影响;随着乳液中粒度的增大,胶片的抗划伤性能和渗透性能均随之显著提高。 *Gel-明胶;g-接枝;BA-丙烯酸丁酯;AN-丙烯腈。     

PAS、PASM共聚物的合成及流变性

以丙烯腈,苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯为原料,经乳液聚合合成丙烯腈－苯乙烯二元共聚物、丙烯腈－苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物。研究了ＰＡＳ、ＰＡＳＭ的组成与流变性能和粘流活化能的关系。     

AAS树脂的制备——丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物胶乳的合成

对交联丙烯酸丁酯胶乳为基础胶乳,苯乙烯、丙烯腈为接枝单体合成的丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物胶乳作了系统研究,研究了影响丙烯酸丁酯接枝聚合的因素及其影响规律,并在此基础上制得了性能优良的AAS树脂。     

α-MSAN共聚物的组成对PMMA/α-MSAN共混物相容性的影响

采用乳液聚合技术合成了一系列配比不同的α-甲基苯乙烯和丙烯腈共聚物粉料（α-MSAN）,将其与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)熔融共混,利用透射电镜(TEM)和动态力学黏弹谱仪(DMA)考察了PMMA/α-MSAN共混物的相容性。结果表明,当α-MSAN共聚物中丙烯腈含量为15 %～25 %时,α-MSAN与PMMA形成相容体系,其相容性随丙烯腈含量的增加而变好;当丙烯腈含量大于30%时,共混物均为不相容体系。     

丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物/二氧化钛复合薄膜的制备、表征及性能

先以丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯和丙烯腈为原料,通过种子乳液聚合制得了以聚丙烯酸丁酯为核、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物为壳的核壳接枝共聚物ASA;再以钛酸正四丁酯和偶联剂γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅(KH-570)为原料,经水解缩合生成KH-570-g-TiO<,2>粒子.将ASA与KH-570-g-TiO<,2>粒子按照一定比...     

一种新型胶乳的合成及其在印刷胶片中的应用

以丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)、苯乙烯 (ST)、丙烯酸 (AA)、丙烯酸羟乙酯 (HEA)、N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺 (MAM)为共聚单体 ,采用预乳化聚合工艺 ,合成出“核壳皮”型共聚乳液。乳液的稳定性良好。研究了乳化剂、引发剂用量、单体组成、滴加速度、温度等因素对聚合反应的影响。讨论了乳液性质对印刷胶片照相性能及冲洗加工性能的影响。结果表明 ,具有“核壳皮”结构的乳液 ,完全满足印刷胶片的使用要求。     

含全氟壬烯基丙烯酸酯单体合成及乳液聚合

研究了含全氟壬烯基丙烯酸酯的合成及其聚合反应。以全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酰氯为原料,经酰胺化、酯化得到N-甲基-N-p-全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酰胺基乙基丙烯酸酯(Ⅲ);确定了Ⅲ的较优合成工艺条件为:n(Ⅱ)∶n(丙烯酰氯)=1∶3,室温反应6 h,含氟单体Ⅲ的收率为75.0%;并将Ⅲ与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)在K2S2O8(KPS)存在下,通过半连续乳液聚合法,制备了含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振波谱(1HNMR)、质谱(ESI-MS)等对含氟丙烯酸酯单体(Ⅲ)和聚合物乳胶膜的结构进行了表征;考察了乳液的稳定性、Ⅲ的含量对聚合物膜上水接触角的影响。当含氟丙烯酸酯占单体总质量的20%时,水接触角为88.2°。     

Effect of Copolymer Composition on the Dynamic Mechanical and Thermal Behaviour of Butyl Acrylate‐Acrylonitrile Copolymers

This article reports data on the dynamic mechanical and thermal behaviour of butyl acrylate‐acrylonitrile copolymers and their variation with copolymer composition. The copolymers were prepared by emulsion polymerisation techniques, using potassium peroxodisulfate initiator at 80 ± 2 °C. Films were prepared from the latex by casting and analysed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). For copolymer with 0.7 weight fraction of butyl acrylate the dynamic mechanical behaviour was identical to the synthetic rubber NBR (acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber), such that the storage modulus shows a rapid decay with increasing temperature. The damping characteristics, as indicated by the tan δ value, increased as the weight fraction of butyl acrylate in the copolymer increased. The dynamic mechanical data has been analysed with the WLF‐Equation to study the time‐temperature relationship. The dynamic mechanical properties and glass transition data point to the formation of a copolymer, whose properties vary with acrylonitrile content. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that weight loss occurring at a particular temperature decreases, along with the decomposition rate, with increase in acrylonitrile content. The activation energy (E_a) for the decomposition was calculated using the Coats & Redfern equation. When temperatures for 10% copolymer decomposition are compared from TGA data, the acrylonitrile rich copolymer starts decomposing at a lower temperature, but the rate of decomposition is slower and yields higher char yields.

Effect of copolymer composition on the variation of tan δ (max) at a measuring frequency of 1 Hz.     

Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate particles with different acrylonitrile contents for improving the toughness of poly(vinyl chloride) resin

Poly(butyl acrylate) grafted styrene and acrylonitrile copolymer (PBA-g-SAN, ASA) with core–shell structures were prepared by emulsion polymerization technology to improve the toughness of the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The mechanical properties of the PVC/ASA blends were investigated. The notch impact strength of the PVC/ASA blend could reach 1200 J/m when the 13 phr ASA was added to the PVC. This was several times more than pure PVC resin. Scanning electron microscopy analysis results indicated that the improvement in impact strength of the PVC/ASA blend was attributed to shear yielding induced by ASA particles. Additionally, subtle changes in the ratio of monomers in the shell layer led to significant fluctuations in the mechanical properties of the composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the intermolecular interaction forces between ASA particles and PVC resins played a key role in improving the toughness of PVC/ASA blend.     

新型含硅氧烷丙烯酸酯共聚物的制备及其涂膜性能

以单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、硅烷偶联剂3-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)为原料,采用自由基溶液聚合方法合成了一种含有机硅氧烷的丙烯酸酯共聚物P(MMA-BA-KH570),并将此共聚物与无机硅溶胶进行复配制得一种新型有机-无机杂化涂料.讨论了共聚物合成工艺的主要影响因素,利用傅里叶变...     

三元共聚醋丙乳液的研制

制备有机硅-丙烯酸丁酯-醋酸乙烯酯三元共聚乳液。研究了有机硅、丙烯酸丁酯、醋酸乙烯酯、乳化剂含量、乳化剂配比、引发剂含量、保护胶体对乳液聚合和性能的影响,并确定了它们的最适宜条件。结果表明该共聚乳液具有良好的耐水、耐侯、耐酸碱、耐污染和稳定性能。该三元共聚醋丙乳液能良好应用于制备普及型内墙建筑涂料。     

醋丙乳液型纸塑覆膜胶的研制

以醋酸乙烯(VAc)为硬单体,丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸异辛酯(EHA)为软单体,丙烯酸(AA)、叔碳酸乙烯酯(VV-10)、丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)为功能单体,采用乳液聚合方法制备醋丙共聚乳液覆膜胶。讨论了玻璃化温度、功能单体、乳化剂以及引发剂的用量等因素对乳液性能的影响。实验结果表明,当玻璃化温度为23.14℃、w(功能单体)=10%、w(乳化剂)=2%、w(引发剂)=0.4%时,乳液的各项性能良好。     

Effect of morphology on mechanical and rheological properties of butyl acrylate–methyl methacrylate multiphase polymers

Polymers of butyl acrylate–methyl methacrylate with different morphologies were synthesized by emulsion polymerization. Four types of polymers were obtained: copolymer, core–shell, three layer, and a core–shell with a copolymer layer of variable composition (gradient). The effect of the morphologies on the mechanical and rheological properties of these polymers was studied. It was found that when the same overall composition was used the properties of the polymer can be varied from those of rigid plastic to those of an elastomeric material. It was found that increasing the content of butyl acrylate (BA) improves the mechanical properties and the presence of a copolymer zone improves the impact resistance of the material. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

全氟壬烯基丙烯酸酯的聚合与性能

研究了含全氟壬烯基丙烯酸酯的聚合反应和拒水性能。含氟单体N-乙基-N-p-全氟壬烯氧基磺甲酰胺基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(I)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)在K2S2O8(KPS)存在下,通过半连续乳液聚合法,制备了带蓝色荧光含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(Ⅱ)。用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)表征了聚合物薄膜的结构;考察了乳液(Ⅱ)的稳定性和水在乳胶膜上的接触角;织物以10 g/L含氟整理剂(Ⅱ)、室温浸渍40 min、100℃烘干后,180℃焙烘10 min,防水性达到5级,水接触角158°,具有优良的防水性能。     

耐候性AAS树脂的制备及对PVC的改性

采用乳液聚合接枝法,以丙烯酸丁酯橡胶为核,以苯乙烯丙烯腈共聚物为壳,制备了AAS树脂。并用AAS树脂对硬质聚氯乙烯(PVC)进行了改性。同时考察了复合稳定剂对PVC加工性能的影响。实验结果发现:当AAS树脂质量分数由10%提高到30%时,材料的冲击强度由200 J/m提高到了1 000 J/m,复合稳定剂的加入明显提高了PVC树脂的挤出性能。