Advanced optical methods for safe image reproduction on automotive displays

Modern cars are equipped with camera monitor systems (CMSs), such as a backup camera or side-mirror replacement. These systems are expected to perform optimally and achieve high safety levels (ASIL). Currently, only digital data are supervised in CMSs and safety mechanisms for such systems are individually derived on a case-by-case basis which is not effective. This study proposes generic optical supervision for displays of automotive CMS. This paper introduces “light-to-light” (camera to display output) protection for both in-car CMS and remote operator monitors used in autonomous car fleet operation centers. The first method is based on photodiodes attached to the display to optically supervise, for instance, the speedometer of vehicles. By combining intensities of photodiodes with calibration data, we can compare the measured speed with the value from CAN (Controller Area Network) data. The second method that entails capturing the display content using a camera enables top safety levels for both in-car displays and remote operator monitors. This safeguarding was successfully verified by conventional image processing and artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis methods. Our results demonstrate that AI methods allow a substantial reduction in the wireless transmission bandwidth from a car to a remote operator compared with conventional image processing.     

EL displays for automotive applications

Abstract— This paper presents an overview of the display requirements for automotive applications and introduces alternating‐current thin‐film electroluminesent (ACTFEL) displays for automobiles. An ACTFEL has advantages over other displays under sunlight and low temperature conditions. Several automotive applications for transparent and multicolor EL displays are introduced in this paper.     

A mercury‐free backlight with Xe CFLs for automotive navigation displays

Abstract— A mercury‐free backlight in which Xe‐type small‐diameter CFLs were installed has been developed. The backlight is 7 in. wide and 10 mm thick. The luminance of this backlight is 6000 cd/m² at 6.5 W, the light‐output stability time is within 1 sec, and the dimming capability is from 100% to 1% over a wide temperature range. Therefore, it is suitable for an automotive‐navigation display.     

Advanced methods for displays and remote control of robots

An in-depth evaluation of the usability and situation awareness performance of different displays and destination controls of robots are presented. In two experiments we evaluate the way information is presented to the operator and assess different means for controlling the robot. Our study compares three types of displays: a “blocks” display, a HUD (head-up display), and a radar display, and two types of controls: touch screen and hand gestures. The HUD demonstrated better performance when compared to the blocks display and was perceived to have greater usability compared to the radar display. The HUD was also found to be more useful when the operation of the robot was more difficult, i.e., when using the hand-gesture method. The experiments also pointed to the importance of using a wide viewing angle to minimize distortion and for easier coping with the difficulties of locating objects in the field of view margins. The touch screen was found to be superior in terms of both objective performance and its perceived usability. No differences were found between the displays and the controllers in terms of situation awareness. This research sheds light on the preferred display type and controlling method for operating robots from a distance, making it easier to cope with the challenges of operating such systems.     

侧面碰撞过程中乘用车座椅安全性仿真分析

针对在乘用车侧面碰撞过程中座椅失效是假人损伤主因之一的情况,对带有原始座椅的某乘用车进行侧面碰撞仿真分析.结合试验,找出原始座椅在侧面碰撞中在乘员保护方面所存在的问题.针对该问题,设计一套座椅挡板,通过仿真得出挡板高度对侧面碰撞中假人损伤的影响,确定合理的座椅优化改进方案.     

基于Web视频监控系统的研究与应用

文中介绍了视频监控系统的发展现状及趋势,提出了一种基于嵌入式视频服务器技术的网络数字化视频监控系统,并介绍了该系统的主要功能模块和关键技术,给出了一个基于此系统的银行ATM机网络视频监控的结构组成,最后说明了应用该视频监控系统的优势。     

基于流媒体技术的煤矿安全远程视频监控系统研究

文章比较详细地介绍了流媒体技术的相关概念和原理,通过对煤矿安全视频信息的分析,结合流媒体技术,提出了将流媒体技术应用于煤矿安全远程监控系统中视频传输模块的设计方案。     

基于ARM的矿井安全移动监测系统

针对目前矿井安全监测系统存在监测信息单一、灵活性差、布线繁琐等问题,设计了一种基于ARM的矿井安全移动监测系统。该系统通过环境参数采集模块和USB摄像头采集现场的环境信息和视频信息,利用S3C6410处理器对采集的数据进行打包并通过WiFi将数据包传送至上位机进行显示,以控制监测设备的移动。该系统可对人员不便进入或存在潜在危险的区域进行实时监测。     

火力发电机组计算机监控系统高可靠性的设计

介绍了火力发电机组计算机监控系统的网络结构、软硬件设计思想及其具体实现方法。     

基于内容的煤矿安全监视视频数据库系统研究

为了减少煤矿安全监视视频数据存储量,文章提出了两种措施来进行视频数据压缩,这将大大提高视频的压缩比。另外文章研究了基于内容的煤矿安全监视视频数据库的数据模型以及视频基于内容的检索与浏览的方法,提出了一个基于内容检索的煤矿安全监视视频数据库的系统结构。     

基于MST717的矿用机载显示装置的设计

针对井下机车驾驶员视线受阻的问题,设计了一种基于液晶驱动芯片MST717的矿用机载显示装置;介绍了该装置的整体结构及MST717在该装置中的应用设计。实际应用表明,MST717简化了机载显示装置的硬件结构,提高了机载显示装置的可靠性。     

基于RFID的生产线物料监控系统的设计与应用*

介绍了近年兴起的射频识别（RFID）技术的特点,并给出了一个实际加工生产线RFID的应用案例;说明了生产线物料监控系统的总体软、硬件架构体系;最后介绍了RFID智能操作终端。     

Advanced methods of process computer control for industrial processes

In recent years, the requirements for the performance of multilevel process control, including feedforward and feedback control, monitoring and optimization have increased. Applying process computers and micro computers, the functions of analog equipment and hardwired logic devices cannot only be replaced. Extended or quite new methods can be realized improving the performance of multilevel process control. These advanced methods for process control are characterized by: more sophisticated, better adjusted control algorithms, forecasting of process variables, estimation of not directly measurable variables, computer aided design of algorithms and adaptive or selftuning algorithms. The basis of these advanced methods are mathematical models of the processes and their signals, often gained by the process computer itself during on-line operation.The present paper discusses first how process models in open and closed loop can be obtained by on-line identification methods. Then, based on these models, the computer aided design of control algorithms, adaptive control algorithms and adaptive steady-state on-line optimization will be regarded. Monitoring of not direct measurable variables will be mentioned. For some methods, practical results with real and simulated processes are shown. Interactive process computer software packages are used which can easily be transferred to other process computers.     

广东省小型水库雨水情测报和大坝安全监测系统建设

针对小型水库病险率高、管理薄弱,部分小型水库雨水情测报和大坝安全监测设施空白,导致不能及时发现水库安全隐患等问题,在全面分析广东省水库管理现状及需求的基础上,提出广东省小型水库雨水情测报和大坝安全监测系统的结构框架与设计要点,并重点阐述省级监测软件平台、物联网平台、监测感知设施的建设方案,从而建立以信息流为主线的水库管理模式。在博罗县、花都区3座水库开展试点建设,取得良好的应用效果和示范作用,提出的监测感知设施建设技术方案和典型设计已写入《广东省小型水库雨水情测报和大坝安全监测设施建设与运行技术指南》,可为广东省开展该项工作提供技术指导。     

数字自动对焦中的搜索算法研究

设计了综合的对焦搜索算法。利用对焦范围上下限、预判定搜索方向、评价函数值连续下降两次才认为越过对焦曲线峰值与设定下降阈值,改进了爬山搜索法。在对焦镜偏离光学对焦范围情况下,利用对焦范围上下限与预判定搜索方向,改进了穷举搜索法;对完焦后再校验场景是否正确,光照低于设定阈值时则关闭搜索,可提高抗干扰能力;利用成像曲线,变倍镜移动时能快速地对焦。实验表明:采用综合搜索算法能够实现准确、快速的对焦,避免搜索陷入局部峰值,具有良好的抗干扰与稳定性。     

基于JSTAMP/NV和HEEDS的汽车前纵梁冲压工艺优化分析

为优化高强度钢汽车构件的冲压工艺并精确预测其回弹情况,以2011年国际板材成形数值模拟会议（Numisheet’ 2011）上提出的基于CAE的汽车前纵梁冲压工艺优化考题为例,介绍用JSTAMP/NV和HEEDS对汽车前纵梁进行拉深成形和回弹仿真及其工艺参数优化的应用过程,并将采用最优化工艺参数进行仿真获取的回弹结果与实验结果进行比较,结果表明仿真结果与实验结果吻合良好.     

《煤矿安全规程》监控、通信与监视修订意见

提出了《煤矿安全规程》修订应增加矿井移动通信、广播通信、视频监视、人员定位、煤炭产量监测、矿井火灾监控、矿山压力监测、水文监测、远程监控等内容。提出了严禁矿井监控系统与视频监视系统共用信道;矿井有线调度通信系统的电缆必须专用;主干网络应采用具有冗余功能的千兆或千兆以上矿用以太光网络;矿井移动设备和无线接入等应优选WiFi、ZigBee、4G等技术。提出了煤矿安全监控系统和矿井有线调度通信系统等的关键光缆和电缆应分设两条,从不同的井筒或一个井筒的不同位置进入井下;系统光缆和电缆应具有防护措施;底鼓不严重的矿井,系统光缆和电缆应埋入巷道底板与巷帮夹角处。提出了煤矿安全监控系统应具有主要通风机监控、瓦斯抽采监控功能;具有呼吸尘浓度、总粉尘浓度实时在线监测功能;具有风向监测功能;具有瓦斯变化率等分析功能;具有煤与瓦斯突出报警功能;高瓦斯和煤与瓦斯突出矿井应选用全量程和高低浓度甲烷传感器,优选激光或红外甲烷传感器;采用载体催化元件的甲烷传感器、便携式甲烷检测报警仪等甲烷检测设备,必须定期使用校准气样和空气气样调校,每15d至少调校1次;甲烷超限断电功能每15d至少测试1次;高瓦斯和煤(岩)与瓦斯突出矿井的采煤工作面,必须在上隅角设置甲烷传感器,报警浓度为1.0%CH4,断电浓度为1.5%CH4,复电浓度为1.0%CH4等。     

汽车胎压监测传感器研究

对汽车胎压监测传感器系统进行研究,当轮胎气压和温度发生异常时实时提醒驾驶者,提高汽车安全行驶性能.从系统、硬件、天线、软件和结构等设计方面进行阐述.系统经过实车测试达到预期效果,能实时监测汽车4个轮胎的压力和温度值,当轮胎压力或温度超出标准范围时,能及时提醒驾驶者停车检查轮胎情况.     

基于LabVIEW的大麦远程监控系统的设计与试验

依据虚拟仪器设计原理,以田间种植大麦为监测对象,基于LabVIEW2011软件平台开发了一种大麦生长远程无线监控系统。该系统采用TCP/IP协议,利用LabVIEW设计构建监测网络,通过ARM远程监测和控制CMOS传感器,实现大麦田间图像的实时采集和远程传输、数据及视频图像的显示和保存。实验结果表明系统实现了大麦生长远程视频图像监控。经测试,该系统传输视频误包率和丢包率较小,分辨率为320×240时系统传输帧速数达到16 f/s,图像清晰稳定,为大田农作物的生产过程监测提供了一种新型集成技术,在农作物病虫害防治和提高农业经济效益等方面具有重要意义。