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Tea polyphenols (TP) are the main components in tea. Studies in vitro have shown they have significant biological activity; however, the results are inconsistent with experiments in vivo. For the low bioavailability, most TP are thought to remain in the gut and metabolized by intestinal bacteria. In the gut, the unabsorbed TP are metabolized to a variety of derivative products by intestinal flora, which may accumulate to exert beneficial effects. Numerous studies have shown that TP can inhibit obesity and its related metabolism disorders effectively. Meanwhile, it has demonstrated that TP and their derivatives may modulate intestinal micro-ecology. The understanding of the interaction between TP and intestinal microbiota will allow us to better evaluate the contribution of microbial metabolites of TP to anti-obesity activity. This review showed implications for the use of TP as functional food with potential therapeutic utility against obesity by modulating intestinal microbiota, contributing to the improvement of human health. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Sandra Tillmann Hussain M. Awwad Amanda R. Eskelund Giulia Treccani Juergen Geisel Gregers Wegener Rima Obeid 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2018,62(7)
1 Scope
Probiotics may influence one‐carbon (C1) metabolism, neurotransmitters, liver function markers, or behavior.2 Methods and results
Male adult Flinders Sensitive Line rats (model of depression, FSL; n = 22) received Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 (109 or 1010 colony‐forming units per day) or vehicle for 10 weeks. The controls, Flinders Resistant Line rats (FRL, n = 8), only received vehicle. C1‐related metabolites were measured in plasma, urine, and different tissues. Monoamine concentrations were measured in plasma, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex. Vehicle‐treated FSL rats had higher plasma concentrations of betaine, choline, and dimethylglycine, but lower plasma homocysteine and liver S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) than FRLs. FSL rats receiving high‐dose probiotics had lower plasma betaine and higher liver SAM compared to vehicle‐treated FSL rats. FSLs had higher concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin than FRLs across various brain regions. Probiotics decreased plasma dopamine in FSLs in a dose‐dependent manner. There were no detectable changes in liver function markers or behavior.3 Conclusions
Probiotics reduced the flow of methyl groups via betaine, increased liver SAM, and decreased plasma dopamine and norepinephrine. Since these changes in methylation and catecholamine pathways are known to be involved in several diseases, future investigation of the effect of probiotics is warranted. 相似文献4.
Xiaojing Guo Mei Cheng Xin Zhang Jinxuan Cao Zufang Wu Peifang Weng 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2017,52(8):1723-1730
In this study, the modulatory effect of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on human intestinal microbiota was investigated. Firstly, germ‐free mice were inoculated with faecal suspension derived from healthy volunteers to obtain human flora‐associated (HFA) mice model. When the high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice model was successfully established, they were randomly divided into high‐fat diet group (HFD) and high‐fat diet group with GTP (HFD‐GTP), and the shifts in relative abundance of the dominant taxa at the phylum, family and genus levels were studied by high‐throughput sequencing. The diversity of the total bacterial community reached the maximum after GTP treatment for 3 weeks, and then decreased when the mice were fed without GTP. Despite interindividual variation, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased from 0.56 ± 0.06 (1st week) to 0.60 ± 0.05 (3th week), while Firmicutes decreased from 0.42 ± 0.06 to 0.37 ± 0.02. Interestingly, certain bacterial communities such as Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria still increased and Firmicutes showed a decreasing trend when the mice were fed without GTP (4th week). The results showed that GTP benefits the stability of certain gut microbiota, especially in an environment‐triggered microbial imbalance; therefore, it may have prebiotic‐like activity contributing to the prevention of obesity. 相似文献
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肥胖是糖尿病、心血管疾病、肿瘤等若干慢性疾病的主要风险因素和病理基础,目前已成为全球公共卫生健康问题之一。随着肥胖率的增高,对于天然抗肥胖药物的研究和应用已经成为人们持续关注的热点。茶多酚(Tea Polyphenols,TP)是茶叶中多酚类物质的总称,在茶叶中含量丰富、功效显著,大量研究表明其在抗肥胖方面具有良好的效果,发展前景广。本文围绕茶多酚抗肥胖,综述了近年来在体外,动物和临床研究中的研究进展,并分别从茶多酚调节肠道菌群的结构和组成,调节炎症反应,促进能量消耗,调控相关酶的活性并抑制脂类的合成和吸收等途径探讨防治肥胖的机制,以期为开发含天然茶多酚的减肥食品或药物奠定基础。 相似文献
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Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide, along with obesity and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD involves a series of liver abnormalities from simple hepatic steatosis to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, which can ultimately lead to liver cirrhosis and cancer. The gut–liver axis plays an important role in the development of NAFLD, which depends mainly on regulation of the gut microbiota and its bacterial products. These intestinal bacterial species and their metabolites, including bile acids, tryptophan catabolites, and branched‐chain amino acids, regulate adipose tissue and intestinal homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD/non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this review, the current evidence regarding the key role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD is highlighted, and the advances in the progression and applied prospects of gut microbiota‐targeted dietary and exercise therapies is also discussed. 相似文献
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茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一,其含有丰富的茶多酚,近来,茶多酚对肠道菌群的调节作用引起了学术界的关注。肥胖可以导致心血管疾病、糖尿病、癌症等慢性疾病,因此抗肥胖物质的研究与开发也是当下的研究热点之一,茶多酚的抗肥胖作用也是其中的重要领域。本综述总结了茶多酚、肠道菌群以及肥胖三者的作用关系,并对近5年相关的非临床以及临床研究进行了总结分析。总结发现茶多酚可以调节肠道菌群组成,而肠道菌群也可以影响茶多酚的吸收与代谢。茶多酚可以通过增加益生菌的丰度以及调节能量消耗、营养物质消化吸收、脂质分解代谢和抑制脂肪细胞合成等方式发挥抗肥胖作用。目前对于茶多酚调节肠道菌群和抗肥胖作用的研究以动物模型为主,且大多实验结果证实了茶多酚的肠道菌群调节作用及抗肥胖作用,但是作用剂量尚不明确,且茶多酚剂量毒性研究不足。另外该领域临床研究不足,需要在未来进行更大样本量和更长时间的研究,以实现茶渣等副产物的高价值利用并减少肥胖相关疾病。 相似文献
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Sen Li;Yuwei Cai;Shuo Wang;Lei Luo;Yu Zhang;Kai Huang;Xiao Guan; 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2024,104(12):7096-7108
As one of the most urgent social and health problems in the world, neurodegenerative diseases have always been of interest to researchers. However, the pathological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches are not achieved. In addition to the established roles of oxidative stress, inflammation and immune response, changes of gut microbiota are also closely related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota is the central player of the gut–brain axis, the dynamic bidirectional communication pathway between gut microbiota and central nervous system, and emerging insights have confirmed its indispensability in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the complex relationship between gut microbiota and the central nervous system from the perspective of the gut–brain axis; review the mechanism of microbiota for the modulation different neurodegenerative diseases and discuss how different dietary patterns affect neurodegenerative diseases via gut microbiota; and prospect the employment of gut microbiota in the therapeutic approach to those diseases. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献
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随着生活节奏加快和人口结构变化,焦虑、抑郁以及与衰老相关的神经退行性疾病等脑健康问题日渐成为公共卫生和人民健康的重大威胁。“健康中国2030”计划和《国民营养计划2017—2030》指出,对特定人群开展膳食营养干预至关重要。膳食结构和饮食规律对于机体健康影响重大。近年来,团队系列研究证实调整饮食规律、延长空腹时间对于改善脑健康具有改善作用。本文围绕调整饮食节律这一营养干预中,肠道微生物及其代谢产物通过“肠-脑”轴影响中枢神经系统功能的最新研究进展进行综述,总结在精神、神经类疾病以及慢性代谢性疾病中调整饮食规律的干预效果及分子机制,为未来开展针对特殊人群的精准营养干预提供理论参考。 相似文献
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《Journal of dairy science》2023,106(5):3576-3585
Dairy cows during their first and second lactation have different milk yield, body development, feed intake, and metabolic and endocrine statuses. However, large diurnal variations can also exist in terms of biomarkers and hormones related to feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Thus, we investigated the diurnal patterns of the main metabolic plasma analytes and hormones in the same cows during their first and second lactations in different stages of the lactation cycle. Eight Holstein dairy cows were monitored during their first and second lactation, during which they were reared under the same conditions. Blood samples were collected before the morning feeding (0 h) and after 1, 2, 3, 4.5, 6, 9, and 12 h on scheduled days between −21 d relative to calving (DRC) and 120 DRC for the assessment of some metabolic biomarkers and hormones. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc.). Regardless of parity and stage of lactation, glucose, urea, β-hydroxybutyrate, and insulin peaked a few hours after the morning feeding, whereas nonesterified fatty acids decreased. The insulin peak was attenuated during the first month of lactation, whereas postpartum growth hormone spiked on average 1 h after the first meal in cows during their first lactation. This peak occurred earlier than during the second lactation. Most of the differences in diurnal trends between lactations were observed in the postpartum period (and in some cases even in early lactation). Glucose and insulin were higher during the first lactation throughout the day, and the differences increased 9 h after feeding. Conversely, nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate showed the opposite trend, and their plasma concentrations at 9 and 12 h after feeding differed between lactations. These results confirmed the differences observed between the first 2 lactations in prefeeding metabolic marker concentrations. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of investigated analytes showed high variability during the day, and thus we advise caution when interpreting metabolic biomarker data in dairy cows, especially during the periods close to calving. 相似文献
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为探讨安化黑茶水提液预防小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的作用机制。将C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、西药(阿托伐他汀,10 mg/kg)组及安化黑茶低、中、高剂量(0.75、1.5、3.0 g/kg)组,采取预防模型,同时给药与饲喂高脂高糖饲料,连续10周。结果表明:与模型组小鼠相比,安化黑茶低、中、高剂量组小鼠体质量极显著降低(P<0.01),体质量增长量极显著减少(P<0.01),胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),肝细胞脂肪变性与气球样变得到纠正,回肠病理损伤改善,闭合蛋白和闭锁小带蛋白-1(zonula occludens-1,ZO-1)表达增加(P<0.01);安化黑茶高剂量组拟杆菌门、Muribaculaceae_unclassified及乳杆菌属相对丰度增加,厚壁菌门、脱硫弧菌属及毛螺菌属相对丰度降低。综上所述,安化黑茶具有改善肠黏膜屏障功能,调节肠道菌群,恢复肠道微生态的作用,其可能通过调节肠-肝轴发挥对NAFLD的防治作用。 相似文献
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在公众健康意识和社会生活水平不断提高的背景下, 茶多酚因对人体健康益处而引起人们的广泛关注。因茶多酚的不稳定性以及对环境的敏感性等原因导致的生物利用度差, 在实际加工和利用过程中易发生氧化降解, 这严重影响了茶多酚的生物活性利用, 表现出巨大局限性。故而采取有效方法提高茶多酚的生物利用度至关重要。茶多酚的提取技术是其产品和应用的关键, 本文综述了茶多酚的组成、提取技术和代谢吸收, 概述了基于不同纳米技术体系对提高茶多酚的生物功效的研究进展, 包括纳米乳液、纳米颗粒和纳米脂质体体系。为茶多酚的有效利用和产品开发提供了参考。 相似文献
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肥胖己经成为一种全球性的流行病,严重威害人们的健康和生命,预防和治疗肥胖是世界各国面临的重大公共卫生挑战.越来越多的研究发现肥胖的发生和发展与肠道菌群有着密切的关系,肠道菌群与肥胖之间的调控机制成为研究的热点.微生物-肠-脑轴是肠道菌群参与的肠道和大脑的双向信息交流系统,是大脑和肠道功能相互整合、相互调节的途径.近年国... 相似文献