多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定79Se

The analysis of ⁷⁹Se in high radioactive waste using a multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) is described, Hexapole collision cell was used to remove argide-based interferences, which have always presented a problem to the measurement of certain elements, such as Ca, Cr, Fe, and Se. ⁷⁸SeH was deducted from the measurement of ⁷⁹Se.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱45Sc的背景原因和处理方法研究

在众多的电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）实验室里,均可发现该类仪器在45 U谱线上存在着偏高、极不稳定的背景信号。本工作在识别此类干扰的实验基础上,提出背景干扰的两种形成机理。一种是样品基体元素（如C,Ca,Al等）在45 U位置上形成的多原子离子干扰,一般表现为进样系统中的记忆效应;另一种是离子透镜被含碳的气溶胶污染,上面积累的碳可以与离子束中的氧氢离子反应形成干扰离子（¹²C¹⁶O₂¹H⁺）。二者的主要差异是后者信号在进样冲洗状态下衰减缓慢,而且进样系统的清洗对它无效。这二者常常同时出现,造成了该质量数处的高背景信号和严重的不稳定现象。 　　本实验采用动能歧视效应来抑制多原子干扰离子,极大地改善了⁴⁵Sc的信背比,检出限可小于1.2 ng/L,背景等效浓度（BEC）值小于16 ng/L,同时改善了分析数据的重现性。国家沉积物和岩石标准物质（SRM）的Sc元素分析结果显示,同一份样品溶液浓度重复测定3次的内精密度小于1.5%（RSD）,平行样品（n=4）的外部精度回归到正常水平（在2.3%~5.23%之间）,分析结果在国家标准物质的允许误差范围内。     

多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱测定皮克量级钚240Pu/239Pu的方法研究

In order to analyze plutonium isotope ratios precisely at picogram levels by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), the various parameters of instrument were optimized. The interference caused by uranium, thorium, lead and other metal ions were studied. The mass bias and the inter-detector bias can be obtained by using the reference material of uranium. The results that the accuracy of 240Pu/239Pu is less than 0.5% at 50 pg·g－1 level when this method is utilized.     

碰撞池-多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱分析硅同位素的方法研究

通过更换仪器进样系统、改变溶液基体、调节碰撞气的种类和流量以及调节质量分辨率等参数,建立了碰撞池-多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱（Collision Cell-MC-ICP-MS）测定硅同位素丰度组成的分析方法。实验结果表明:使用PFA雾化器、Pt锥和蓝宝石材质的矩管可有效降低仪器本底;调节狭缝宽度、中心杯位置等可提高仪器的质量分辨率,实现硅同位素离子与同量异位素干扰离子在一定程度上的分离;选择氖气（Ne）和氩气（Ar）的混合气作为碰撞气、降低溶液中四甲基氢氧化铵（TMAH）浓度等能有效降低多原子离子的干扰。在此基础上,分析了样品WASO 04和GBW(E)080272中硅同位素的丰度组成,同位素丰度比R_30/28的测量精度达到0.02%。将样品WASO 04作为参考标准时,样品GBW(E)080272中的硅同位素分馏系数δ³⁰Si为-1.57‰。     

扇形磁质谱多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定微量氪和氙

The fesibility of determination of trace Krypton and Xenon by FM-ICP-MS was studied. The gas sample can be analysed by ICP-MS straightly via a gas enter device. At the same time the background of Kr and Xe in the air and high pure Argon was measureed.     

多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法精确测量

经过核燃料后处理得到的铀产品中含有极微量钚杂质, 对其同位素组成进行分析有利于对应铀材料的溯源。本工作在铀钚化学分离的基础上,对影响MC-ICP-MS法精确测量痕量钚同位素丰度比值的仪器条件进行了优化,研究了仪器分辨率、离子提取模式的选择、“背景和干扰”等参数的影响,探索研究了MC-ICP-MS上质量偏倚的校正方法。对选择的两个后处理铀产品中痕量钚同位素比进行了测量,当铀钚比例达10¹⁰时,测得的²³⁹Pu/²⁴⁰Pu相对不确定度优于5％。并且建立了在MC-ICP-MS上测量ng•L^-1量级钚同位素丰度比值的方法。     

同位素稀释多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血铅

采用同位素稀释多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱（ID-MC-ICP-MS）法测定血铅。运用同位素稀释法测得整个实验的流程空白Pb的浓度平均值为5.6 ng。对SRM 955b level 1和SRM 955b level 3标准血样进行分析,测得血样浓度分别为40.2、207.8 μg•L^-1,测定值落在血样参考值范围之内,证明该方法有效、可靠。利用建立的血铅分析方法,参加了络合型血铅标准物质的定值,得到3种血铅标准样中铅的浓度分别为（102.7±5.5）、（181.7±4.0）、（304.1±3.9） μg•L^-1。     

多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定Nd同位素标准物质

The precision and accuracy of Nd isotope analysis using multicollector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) is verified through repeated measurements of standard reference materials of JMC Nd2O3 and GBW04419. A mixed solution of Nd separated from hundreds of geological samples is measured for 143Nd/144Nd ratio, which produces excellent long-term repeatability. This solution, named as CAGS-Nd-1, can be used as an in-house reference material for monitoring instrument stability during Nd isotope measurements.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱测定硫的方法研究及应用进展

硫是矿石、化石燃料、蛋白质等的重要组成元素,与人类生活密切相关。近年来,随着质谱技术的发展,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)已成为硫测量和研究的重要手段,并在环境监测、食品安全、生命科学、环境地球化学等研究中显示出良好的应用前景。本工作综述了ICP-MS用于硫元素总量、多种形态、硫同位素测量技术方面的最新研究进展。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱测定土壤中的有效钼

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪,以草酸-草酸铵浸提土壤中的有效钼,不经分离富集,直接测定土壤样品中的有效钼。方法检出限可达0.042μg/g,通过对国家土壤有效态一级标准物质测试,测定结果基本一致;GBW 07413标准物质11次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.76%。     

79SeAMS测量实验室标准中79Se/78Se比值

Using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) to determine the ratio of ⁷⁹Se/⁷⁸Se in the irradiated sample was reported. Firstly, the γ and β spectrum of irradiated sample was measured to find out the interferefering nuclide. Then, the irradiated sample was heated up to remove the interferefering nuclide from the sample as much as possible. At last, the activity ⁷⁹Se was determined by LSC, and the ratio of ⁷⁹Se/⁷⁸Se was determined to be (5.44±0.23)×10^－5. It provides reliable standard sample for AMS measurement.     

加速器质谱测量93Zr的刻度研究

A method of determination for ⁹³Zr/⁹²Zr ratio by multi-collector inductively plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) was described in this paper. A ⁹³Zr/⁹²Zr ratio of (2.75±0.07)×10^－5 was obtained in the original sample for AMS measurement and its relative standard error was 2.5%. Considered the contribute of above-thermal neutron, a calculated ⁹³Zr/⁹²Zr ratio of 2.56×10^－5 was obtained and it was according with measurement of the result. The results showed that it can be used for AMS measurement standards sample preparation. A series 93Zr standards sample for AMS measurement were diluted by irradiated sample with enriched 92Zr.     

ICP-MS测定辐射环境监测样品中238U和232Th比活度实践

Monitoring of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th in radiation environmental samples including water and biota was requested by the related international and national safety guides and standards. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applicable to determination of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th in such samples with a high sensitivity and working efficiency. Some practical aspects are presented.     

多接收双聚焦等离子体质谱法测定高精度同位素比

采用 VG Axiom型多接收双聚焦等离子质谱仪 ( MC-ICPMS)测定 Nd、Pb、U同位素比值 ,应用指数公式对测定的结果进行质量歧视校正。结果表明 :测定参考物质 Ames Nd获得的钕同位素比值为 14 3 Nd/14 4 Nd=0 .5 1 2 1 44± 0 .0 0 0 0 1 5 (确认值为 0 .5 1 2 1 3 5 )、14 5Nd/14 4 Nd=0 .3 4841 7± 0 .0 0 0 0 1 9(确认值为 0 .3 4841 8) ;测定参考物质 NIST SRM981获得的铅同位素比值为 2 0 8Pb/2 0 4Pb=3 6.71 1 4± 0 .0 0 81、2 0 7Pb/2 0 4Pb=1 5 .4886± 0 .0 0 3 8、2 0 7Pb/2 0 6Pb=0 .91 44 5 6± 0 .0 0 0 0 3 9、2 0 6Pb/2 0 4Pb=1 6.93 82± 0 .0 0 3 1、2 0 8Pb/2 0 6Pb=2 .1 660 1± 0 .0 0 0 1 6;测定参考物质 NIST SRM 0 1 0获得的铀同位素比值为 2 3 4 U/2 3 8U =0 .0 0 0 0 5 46±0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 3 (确认值为 0 .0 0 0 0 5 46)     

Neptune多接收器等离子体质谱精确测定锶同位素组成

报道了近两年来在Neptune多接收器等离子体质谱(MC-ICP-MS)上对NIST SRM987的测试结果。针对实际地质样品,Neptune MC-ICP-MS和热电离质谱(TIMS)进行了平行测定。Neptune MC-ICP-MS可以精确测定锶同位素组成,与传统的TIMS相比,MC-ICP-MS可以获得与TIMS相媲美的数据精度,而且分析时间短,效率高。对于等离子体载气———氩气中少量氪的干扰,可以直接扣除;对于样品中少量铷(Rb/Sr<0.01)的干扰,同样可以直接扣除,从而获得准确的锶同位素组成。     

激光-多接收等离子体质谱测定石笋的Mg/Ca比

A method for determining Mg/Ca of stalagmite by LA-MC-ICPMS is studied. 24Mg/44Ca (Mass 22, intensity of 44Ca2 , collected by ion counting and mass 24, intensity of 24Mg , collected by Faraday cup) ratios were measured in replace of Mg/Ca ratios. Both diameter of laser sampling spot and laser moving increment were 20 μm. The curve of Mg/Ca vs. distance directly was obtained. The result indicates that relative Mg/Ca ratios changed from 0.5 to 2.0 in this stalagmite and it is enough to reflect environmental factors act.     

U-Pb定年锆石标准~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf比值的多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱测定

利用MicromassIsoprobe型多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱(MCICPMS)测定UPb定年国际锆石标准91500、Temora和本实验室锆石工作标准样We1的176Hf/177Hf比值。对添加Zr的室内Hf标准溶液HfGIG的模拟实验表明:Zr/Hf≤120时,Zr对Isoprobe型MCICPMS的Hf同位素比值测定值没有明显的影响,所以锆石Hf分离纯化流程采用改进的高温高压氢氟酸溶解和其后的一个离子交换分离流程实现,整个流程Hf的回收率高于90%。176Hf/177Hf比值测定采用JMC475Hf标准溶液(176Hf/177Hf=0.282160)进行外部校正并监控仪器漂移。标准样91500、Temora和We1平均的176Hf/177Hf比值测定结果分别为(0.282310±0.000034)、(0.282706±0.000020)和(0.281534±0.000009)。上述每个结果包括至少7组独立的锆石样品的溶解、分离和测定,表明标准样91500、Temora和We1是Hf同位素组成均一的。本实验结果对于激光熔蚀多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱(LAMCICPMS)锆石原位176Hf/177Hf比值测定校正方法的检验具有重要意义。     

MC-ICP-MS测定铀系定年标样的~(230)Th年龄

本研究利用Neptune Plus型多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-MS)测定了U和Th标准溶液的同位素比值及U系定年标样的~(230)Th年龄。结果显示:CRM 112A和Harwell Uraninite-1(HU-1)的234 U/238 U原子比值分别为(52.860±0.042)×10~(-6)(δ234 U=(-38.36±0.77)‰,n=17)和(54.911±0.007)×10-6(δ234 U=(-1.04±0.13)‰,n=27),实验数据在2σ不确定范围内与国际同类实验室一致;NBS Th标准,0.6pg ~(230)Th测试精度优于3‰;5个碳酸盐标准样品76001、GBW04412、RKM-6、RKM-5和RKM-4的230 Th年龄分别为(47 520±220)y、(86 880±340)y、(130 830±550)y、(129 380±480)y和(197 970±1 590)y,与美国明尼苏达大学、西安交通大学同类实验室测定的数据具有良好的重复性。上述数据表明,本实验建立的MC-ICP-MS法230 Th定年技术可应用于中晚更新世以来碳酸盐的U-Th定年与示踪研究。     

铀颗粒物中~(235)U/~(238)U的LA-MC-ICP-MS分析技术研究

为满足核保障和核取证中含铀颗粒物分析的需求,建立了激光剥蚀-多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-MC-ICP-MS)测定铀颗粒物中~(235)U/~(238)U值的方法,并研究了铀颗粒物样品的装载、质量分馏的影响因素和校正方法,以及粒径10μm以下铀颗粒物的定位和分析等关键技术问题。建立了基于GBW04234的外标标准化法、基于膜去溶和LA-MC-ICP-MS联用的标准样品交叉法(SSB法)两种质量分馏校正技术,该方法对CRM124-1中~(235)U/~(238)U测量结果的相对扩展不确定度小于0.14%(k=2),测量结果与参考值在不确定度范围内一致。用显微操纵技术将颗粒物转移至覆盖定位铜网的导电胶表面,解决了微米级铀颗粒物的装载和定位问题,通过优化参数,实现了粒径5μm铀颗粒物中~(235) U/~(238)U比值的准确测量,测量结果的相对扩展不确定度小于0.64%(k=2)。