Myxomas of the mandible and maxilla

Two cases of congenital absence of a cervical vertebral pedicle are reported. This condition includes hypoplasia of the ipsilateral posterior arch and may predispose to spinal cord injury. The radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings are reviewed, and the importance of the ipsilateral oblique radiographic view and of CT in diagnosis is stressed.     

Giant cell reparative granuloma of the maxilla

Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is a rare nonneoplastic proliferative lesion of unknown etiology. It most commonly occurs in the mandible, but also occurs in other bones of the facial skeleton and cranial vault. Two cases of GCRG arising from the maxilla are presented. Histological and radiological features, and the pertinent literature on the subject are reviewed.     

Sonographic patterns of radiolucent gall-bladder stones for predicting successful shock-wave lithotripsy

The aim of this study was to examine whether the sonographic patterns of gallstones are useful for predicting the outcome of piezoelectric shock-wave lithotripsy. Pretreatment analysis of gallstones based on our sonographic classification was conducted on 115 patients with radiolucent solitary stones of 10-30 mm in diameter, monitored for at least a year after the first lithotripsy. All stones were categorized as type I with gradual attenuation of echoes: type Ia, the stone echo appears as a full moon, usually accompanied by comet-tail artifacts beyond the stone itself (n = 55); type Ib, the stone echo showing the anterior half of the stone, seen as a half moon (n = 29); and type Ic, the stone echo seen as a crescent (n = 31). The most complete fragmentation, 'pulverization', was achieved at a significantly higher rate for type Ia (51%) than for type Ib (14%, P < 0.005) and type Ic (7%, P < 0.0001) after significantly fewer shock-waves (vs type Ib, P < 0.01; vs type Ic, P < 0.0001). The rate of complete clearance at 12 months after lithotripsy was significantly greater for type Ia (91%) than for type Ib (62%, P < 0.01) and type Ic (45%, P < 0.0001). Comparison of the sonographic and computed tomography (CT) patterns of stones revealed a close relationship between the two: the vast majority (98%) of type Ia showed the iso- or hypo-dense, and the majority (90%) of type Ic the rimmed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Preimplant guided bone regeneration in the anterior maxilla

Guided bone regeneration is a clinical procedure aimed at promoting bone formation at sites where there is severe bone loss. The purpose of this article was to demonstrate reconstruction of deformations of the alveolar process resulting from traumatic injuries to maxillary incisor teeth by guided bone regeneration procedures followed by insertion of dental implants. In both cases, submembranous space-making was stabilized by human demineralized freeze-dried bone. Implant insertion at the sites of bone augmentation resulted in successful restorations. Histologic examination of biopsy samples from the submembranous hard tissue revealed particles of demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts partially surrounded by uninflamed connective tissue and by vital bone adjacent and adhered to the demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft particles.     

Aneurysmal bone cysts of the maxilla: a clinicopathologic review

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the significant differences in clinicopathologic features of aneurysmal bone cyst in the maxilla and mandible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search of the literature showed 30 recorded maxillary cases, and these together with one previously unrecorded case formed the basis of the study. RESULTS: There were no differences in the age and sex incidence. Only two patients complained of pain, and no patient complained of tenderness. No patient gave a history of trauma. Swelling was present in virtually every patient. In seven cases, there was tooth mobility or migration of teeth. Two patients complained of paresthesia. Four patients presented with proptosis, two of whom complained of diplopia. The radiographic appearance of the aneurysmal bone cyst is suggestive but not diagnostic. CONCLUSION: Although these differences do not enable the clinician to make a definitive diagnosis before biopsy, they have important implications for management.     

The effects of tooth loss on the anatomy of the maxilla]

OBJECTIVES: To compare prevalence rates of weight-control behaviors among adolescents with and without chronic illness and to explore the role of familial and other social factors on associations between disordered eating and chronic illness. DESIGN AND SETTING: Survey conducted in public schools in Connecticut. PARTICIPANTS: A representative statewide population-based sample of 9343 7th-, 9th-, and 11th-grade public school students, of whom 1021 reported a chronic illness. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disordered eating (vomiting, diet pills, and laxatives), dieting, and exercise for weight control; chronic illness status; family structure, family communication, parental caring, parental monitoring, parental expectations, peer support, and sexual and physical abuse. RESULTS: Adolescents with chronic illness were at greater risk for disordered eating than youth without chronic illness, after controlling for sociodemographic variables (girls: odds ratio, 1.59 [95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.14]; boys: odds ratio, 2.22 [95% confidence interval, 1.49-3.32]). Adolescents with chronic illness were less likely to come from 2-parent families; reported lower levels of family communication, parental caring, and parental expectations; and reported more sexual and physical abuse than youth without chronic illness. Male adolescents with chronic illness were more likely to report low peer support and low parental monitoring. Most of these familial-social factors were also associated with an increased prevalence of disordered eating. After familial-social factors were controlled for, however, associations between disordered eating and chronic illness remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with chronic illness are at greater risk for disordered eating behaviors than youth without chronic illness. Factors other than the familial-social factors assessed in this study may be contributing to this increased risk. In the clinical setting, youth with chronic illness need to be screened for disordered eating and familial and other social concerns.     

Radiographic/morphologic investigation of a radiolucent crescent within the flexor central eminence of the navicular bone in thoroughbreds

The source of a previously described radiolucent crescent in the flexor cortex of the distal sesamoid (navicular) bone on the palmaro45 degrees proximal-palmarodistal oblique (Pa45 degrees Pr-PaDio) clinical radiographic projection was investigated in 48 forelimb navicular bones from 24 Thoroughbreds by use of high-detail radiography and x-ray computed tomography (CT). Twenty-five of these bones also were evaluated, using microradiography and histologic examinations. Of these 25 bones, 5 had been labeled in vivo with fluorochrome markers. Tetrachrome-stained 100-microns-thick nondecalcified sections of these 5 bones were examined, using epifluorescence microscopy. A reinforcement line of compacted cancellous bone, parallel and several millimeters deep to the flexor cortex in the region of the flexor central eminence, was visualized by CT in 42 of 48 navicular bones and by microradiography in 23 of 25 navicular bones investigated. Variable degrees of compaction were observed in the cancellous bone between the flexor cortex and the reinforcement line. High-detail skyline radiographic projections and reconstructed CT images indicated a crescent-shaped lucency within the flexor central eminence of the flexor cortex in the bones in which the reinforcement line was identified, but the cancellous bone between the reinforcement line and the flexor cortex had not been compacted. The radiolucent crescent seen in the flexor central eminence of the navicular bone on the Pa45 degrees Pr-PaDiO projection was not caused by the concave defect or synovial fossa of the flexor central eminence overlying the flexor cortex, as was described.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Immediate implantation into the posterior maxilla after antroplasty: the Cranin-Russell Operation

KW-2149 is a new derivative of mitomycin C (MMC). The plasma concentrations, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of [3H]-KW-2149 in normal and tumor-bearing mice after i.v. administration of 16.6 mg/kg were investigated. The plasma radioactivity decreased biexponentially after i.v. administration in normal mice. However, the unchanged drug disappeared rapidly, showing a half-life (t1/2) of 9.7 min, which was shorter than MMC's (18 min). The radioactivity was excreted in mouse urine (33%) and feces (58%) within 144 h. High radioactivity was distributed in the gallbladder, liver, kidney, pancreas, and lung at 1 h after i.v. administration to normal mice. The tumor concentration was lower than the plasma or blood concentration. The lowest radioactivity was observed in the brain. The metabolic rate of KW-2149 was very rapid. The methyl sulfide form (M-16), the symmetrical disulfide dimer (M-18), and the albumin conjugate were detected in plasma, which possessed anticellular activity. The specific anticellular activity of these compounds against uterine carcinoma (HeLa S3) was 1/100, 1, and 1/20 respectively, as compared with that of KW-2149.     

Cranial fasciitis of the orbit and maxilla: extensive resection and reconstruction

A case of cranial fasciitis of childhood is described. This extensive cranio-orbital-facial lesion in a 3-month-old baby necessitated radical resection and immediate orbital and anterior cranial fossa reconstruction. The particular requirements of reconstruction in the infant are emphasised.     

Surgical inferior repositioning of the maxilla: treatment considerations and comprehensive management

Authors studied two different groups of patients. One of them with febrile seizures and the other febrile seizures associated to epilepsy, in order to find risk factors for the presentation of this one. They conclude that epilepsy has a presentation rate of 9,6% in patients with previous febrile seizures, having the highest risk when they show previous familial seizures, neonatal pathology and altered EEG after the first febrile convulsion. They study the role of phenobarbital taken after febrile seizures, as prophylaxis. No effect was observed in the prevention of following epilepsy.     

Stability of maxilla downgrafting after rigid or wire fixation

PURPOSE: This article compares the long-term outcomes of rigid internal fixation with wire fixation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, nine cases of vertical midface augmentation in which rigid fixation was used were compared with 11 cases with wire fixation. One surgeon completed all cases for the rigid fixation group, and another surgeon completed the cases in the wire fixation group. RESULTS: Follow-up was 16 +/- 11 months for the rigid fixation group and 20 +/- 12 months for the wire fixation group. Inferior movement at the anterior portion of the maxilla was 7.0 +/- 2.9 mm with rigid fixation and 4.5 +/- 3.6 mm with wire fixation (P < .05). Postsurgical superior movement (relapse) was 0.4 +/- 0.4 mm with rigid fixation and 2.4 +/- 2.4 mm with wire fixation (P < .01). Inferior movement at the posterior maxilla was 3.1 +/- 0.2 mm with rigid fixation and 2.8 +/- 2.3 mm with wire fixation. Postsurgical superior movement (relapse) was 0.8 +/- 0.4 mm with rigid fixation and 0.5 +/- 2.3 mm with wire fixation, which was not significantly different. CONCLUSION: This comparison showed downgrafting of the maxilla using autogenous bone harvested from the iliac crest and rigid internal fixation to be a predictable and stable procedure.     

The three-dimensional titanium miniplate rigid fixation in the treatment of fracture of maxilla

When taking dry heat sterilization on vaseline gauze, it must be strictly control sterile temperature and time. The result of this test indicated that sterilization can be made either with a temperature of 160 degrees and lasting 90 minutes or with a temperature of 150 degrees and lasting 120 minutes. But the box can not be opened at once and use the steriled vaseline gauze unless its temperature is naturally lowered. If it is obliged to be opened, the vaseline gauze can be recontaminated. Attention must be paid to both the cleaning of sample background and regularized manipulation, otherwise it may cause false positive and disturb the result of surveillance.     

Axial ultrasonographic imaging of the fetal maxilla for accurate characterization of facial clefts

The purpose of this study was to determine whether scanning of the fetal midface in the axial plane allows accurate characterization of facial clefts. During fetal anatomic survey, facial clefts were identified in six fetuses. The midface anatomy was evaluated with ultrasonography in the coronal and axial planes, and the clefts were characterized prospectively as unilateral or bilateral and as involving the lip alone or both the lip and the palate. The integrity of the upper lip was assessed in the coronal and axial planes. The continuity of the normal C-shaped curve of the tooth-bearing alveolar ridge and the anterior six tooth sockets was assessed in the axial plane. The prospective prenatal diagnosis was correlated with postnatal findings in all cases. The clefts where characterized prospectively as unilateral cleft lip (one case), unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate (four cases), and bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate (one case). The prenatal characterization was confirmed to be correct postnatally in all cases. Prenatal sonographic evaluation of the axial view of the tooth-bearing alveolar ridge of the maxilla allows accurate determination of whether a cleft is confined to the lip or involves both the lip and the palate.