共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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40%乐果乳油在甘蓝和土壤中的残留及消解动态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采取田间试验方法,研究了40%乐果乳油在甘蓝和土壤中的残留动态和最终残留。乐果最低检测量为0.01mg/kg,在甘蓝和土壤中最低检出质量分数为0.03mg/kg。在甘蓝和土壤中的平均回收率为90.25%-110.39%,变异系数为1.51%-5.83%,符合农药残留分析的要求。试验结果表明,乐果在甘蓝和土壤中的消解较快.其半衰期分别为2d和1.5d,药后间隔3、7、10d,乐果在甘蓝中的残留量为ND至9.6989mg/kg,土壤中的残留量为ND至0.1732mg/kg。 相似文献
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灭多威在棉花及土壤中的残留行为研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解灭多威施用后在棉田中的残留降解行为,全面准确评价灭多威的生态环境安全性,指导其科学合理施用,笔者通过动态及残留实验.研究了灭多威在棉花及其土壤上的动态降解及最终残留行为。结果表明:施药3d后,灭多威在棉田土壤和棉叶中的消解率均大于50%:施药28d后,灭多威在棉田土壤和棉叶中的消解率均在90%以上。灭多威在湖南长沙的棉田土壤和棉叶中的半衰期为11.39d和10.04d;在河北石家庄的棉田土壤和棉叶中的半衰期为9.99d和8.94d。灭多威在棉田土壤中的最终残留量均低于0.50mg/kg;在棉叶中的最终残留量均低于0.40mg/kg:在棉籽中的最终残留量均低于最小检出量0.02mg/kg。研究表明灭多威在棉田土壤和棉叶中的降解速度较快,属易降解农药。按推荐剂量在棉田中使用,对棉田环境影响较低,可在生产实际中推广使用。 相似文献
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杀菌剂氟吗啉和多菌灵对蚯蚓的急性毒性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用自然土和OECD标准人工土研究了氟吗啉和多菌灵对蚯蚓的急性毒性,并对试验过程中蚯蚓的中毒症状和形态、行为变化进行了观察。结果表明,氟吗啉在自然土壤中对蚯蚓的LC50为592.73mg/kg,95%置信区间为562.41~623.80mg/kg;氟吗啉在人工土壤中对蚯蚓的LC50为318.79mg/kg,95%置信区间为181.63-543.79mg/kg。多菌灵在自然土壤中对蚯蚓的LC50为26.53mg/kg,95%置信区间为15.98-42.93mg/kg;多菌灵在人工土壤中对蚯蚓的LC50为5.57mg/kg,95%置信区间为2.48~11.83mg/kg。依据农药对蚯蚓的毒性等级划分标准,氟吗啉在自然土壤和人工土壤中对蚯蚓的毒性均为低毒级;多菌灵在自然土壤中对蚯蚓的毒性为低毒级,而在人工土壤中对蚯蚓的毒性为中毒级。 相似文献
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烟区土壤残留二氯喹啉酸的消解动态 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
取受害烟区无用药的pH值为5.84的土样,分别添加二氯喹啉酸0.8mg/kg和11.6mg/kg,采用高效液相分析方法,测得180d内的二氯喹啉酸两种添加量的自然降解情况,经检测分析,当添加量为0.8mg,kg时,所测半衰期为23.30d。当添加量为1.6mg,kg时,所测半衰期为22.04d。180d后仍可以检测到0.069-0.085mg/kg的残留量,所求消解率为89.35%-95.78%。根据二氯喹啉酸在土壤中的消解动态,在稻田施用一次二氯喹啉酸后,种植烟草的安全间隔期为342d。 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC法)测定种衣剂中多菌灵、福美双含量。实验结果表明,该方法测定的多菌灵、福美双在一定的质量浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率分别为98.3%、97.1%,相对标准偏差分别为0.625%、0.995%。该方法简便、准确可行、灵敏度高。 相似文献
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Utilization of sodium montmorillonite clay-modified electrode for the determination of isoproturon and carbendazim in soil and water samples 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Redox behavior of two pesticides namely isoproturon and carbendazim were investigated electrochemically using sodium montmorillonite clay-modified glassy carbon electrode in the presence and absence of a surfactant, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. A solution of 0.1 M H2SO4 in both 50% aqueous alcohol (pH 1.0) was found to be a suitable medium for electroanalysis. Isoproturon exhibited one well-defined oxidation peak around 1.17 V along with one more oxidation and reduction peaks. Carbendazim showed only one well-defined anodic peak around 1.5 V. The main electron transfer was irreversible and the mass transfer was by diffusion for both cases. Controlled potential coulometric studies revealed 2e− and 1e− transfer for isoproturon and carbendazim, respectively. The surfactant had only little effect on the electrochemical properties of isoproturon and pronounced effect with carbendazim. Electroanalytical procedure for the determination of these pesticides was developed using differential pulse stripping voltammogram under their maximum current experimental conditions. Calibration plot was made for both pesticides. The determination limit and standard deviations were arrived at. The applicability of the method was also verified in a soil sample and water analyte. 相似文献
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建立了快速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中多菌灵残留量的分析方法。土壤样品经快速溶剂萃取、SPE-C18小柱净化后,再用高效液相色谱紫外检测器于282nm条件下分析测定,研究了土壤中多菌灵在不同萃取温度下的回收率。试验结果表明,在萃取压力10MPa、温度80℃条件下,平均回收率均大于91%,相对标准偏差小于1.8%,检出限0.01mg·kg-1,线性范围为0.01~10.0mg·kg-1。该方法具有操作简便,干扰小,灵敏度高等特点,可满足土壤中多菌灵残留检测的要求。 相似文献
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不同杀菌剂对小麦叶锈病和赤霉病的防治效果比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]筛选出对小麦叶锈病和赤霉病有效的防治药剂。[方法]在小麦扬花初期进行田间喷雾处理,测定不同杀菌剂及组合物对小麦叶锈病和赤霉病的防治效果。[结果]17%吡唑·氟环唑SE、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG、430 g/L戊唑醇SC+50%多菌灵WP和430 g/L戊唑醇SC+25%氰烯菌酯SC喷雾处理对小麦叶锈病防效分别为88.52%、76.01%、71.68%和67.20%;430 g/L戊唑醇SC+25%氰烯菌酯SC和430 g/L戊唑醇SC+50%多菌灵WP喷雾处理对小麦赤霉病防效分别为82.80%和79.07%。[结论]430 g/L戊唑醇SC+25%氰烯菌酯SC以及430 g/L戊唑醇SC+50%多菌灵WP的处理对小麦叶锈病和赤霉病的防效均较好。 相似文献
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Qilin Deng Weiyang Tang Qi Qu Huan Zhang Kyung Ho Row Youlai Zhang Tao Zhu 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2018,35(8):1741-1747
A novel acrylamide modified Primary-Secondary Amine (PSA) analogue (acrylamide/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane/ silica) was prepared and used as impurities remover for pesticide residues (carbendazim and dimethyl phthalate) in apples by QuEChERS combined with pipette-tip micro solid-phase extraction method. The properties of acrylamide/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane/silica were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Under the optimized conditions, factors such as amount and type of adsorbents were investigated. The limit of detection and limit of quantity of the method were 0.012 μg/mL and 0.04 μg/mL for carbendazim, 0.023 μg/mL and 0.08 μg/mL for dimethyl phthalate, respectively. The recoveries of proposed method at three spiked levels analysis were 84.9–90.0% for carbendazim and 84.1–88.2% for dimethyl phthalate, respectively, with the relative standard deviation less than 2.9%. The acrylamide/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane/silica as potential adsorbent showed strong ability for removing the matrix, and it achieved great ability to retain the targets. It will provide a new material choice for detecting pesticide residues in apple samples. 相似文献