钢结构防火措施的对比研究

介绍钢结构在国内外的工程应用及其面临的防火挑战,在列举种种防火措施的基础上对比分析各种防火措施的优缺点,最终提出性能化防火设计是必然趋势。     

高层建筑钢结构的防火措施及防火涂料应用

目前高层建筑,特别是超高层建筑中,采用钢结构承重的日益增多,钢结构的火灾防护也就日益突出,对高层建筑的承重钢结构必须采取防火措施,以延长其耐火极限。１工业与民用建筑钢结构的防火措施第一类：外砌粘土砖防护。一般用厚１２０ｍｍ普通粘土砖,要求砂浆饱满度达...     

谈钢结构防火措施

针对建筑钢结构耐火性能差的缺点,从改善钢材高温性能、设隔离层、水降温、防火涂料和外包层等五方面入手,分析了不同防火措施的优缺点,总结了各自的适用范围,以更好地为钢结构设计服务,提高钢结构的高温性能。     

钢结构防火性能及防火措施的研究

随着我国钢材产量的增加,钢结构得到了广泛的发展。本文论述了因火灾引起的温度对钢材的影响以及对钢结构防火措施的讨论,为钢结构防火提供了参考。     

浅谈钢结构厂房的防火措施

结合钢结构厂房的特点，探讨了钢结构厂房的防火措施，分别阐述了轻钢结构厂房的耐火保护和防火分区这两种不同的防火途径，并指出了各种防火措施的优缺点及适用范围，以指导实践。     

钢结构防火的重要性及其防护措施

钢结构凭借其独特的优势,在工业与民用建筑领域中应用越来越广泛。但钢结构的防火却未得到足够的重视,简要阐述了钢结构建筑快速发展的原因,从钢结构建筑的自身特点、建筑基本情况、建筑现有特点、火灾特点等方面论述了钢结构防火的重要性,介绍了几种常见的钢结构防护措施。     

钢结构厂房防火措施的思考与探索

近年来,钢结构厂房发生火灾的事故越来越多,事故原因多种多样,给国家和人民的生命财产造成了重大损失。作为工程质量监督人员,如何严格按照国家的相关建筑防火规范做好建筑防火设计及施工显得尤为重要。本文通过对某食品加工车间火灾事故发生原因的分析,进一步总结了钢结构厂房的防火改进措施。     

大跨度钢结构厂房火灾危险性和防火措施

通过对大跨度钢结构厂房的火灾危险性的分析及存在火灾危险性的主要因素，针对使用中的实际情况及其存在的问题，提出了做好大跨度钢结构厂房的防火措施。     

钢结构住宅的防火处理措施分析

房屋住宅是人员密集度高,火灾风险性大的区域,因此开展住宅的防火问题分析具有重要意义。本文运用调查法、实验法、文献法等对钢结构住宅的特征特点、防火性能进行分析,其次就如何做好钢结构住宅防火处理展开探究。提出几点个人观点,希望能为相关工作带来些许帮助。     

钢框架结构构件选型比较

通过钢框架结构的楼板形式和钢柱截面形式选型对比,指出对于面积不大,功能要求不苛刻的建筑宜优先采用压型钢板楼板和工字形柱,十字形柱;对于规模较大,层高要求严,功能较复杂的建筑,宜优先选用钢筋桁架板和箱形柱。     

Lateral stabilization by steel sheeting of structural members

Although the European Recommendations for the Stressed Skin Design of Steel Structures treat in a quite complete way the collaboration of the sheeting with the whole structure, they do nevertheless not deal with the stabilization by sheeting of individual members (such as rafters or columns) of the framework. This problem is dealt with in the present paper: several formulae have been derived for the calculation of the interaction forces between stabilized members and their sheeting, according to the requirements of the EUROCODE 3.     

The structural safety of hollow concrete-filled circular steel members

The resistance of new type of hollow concrete-filled circular steel tubular members under axial compression is considered. The effect of interaction between steel tube and spun concrete core contact surfaces on composite member compressive strength is analysed. The experimental values of member’s resistance and its mechanical model uncertainty are presented. The necessity to assess the structural safety of precast members exposed to actions in pre-use and use working lives is discussed. Peculiarities of the mechanical model describing the safety margin of ageing and not ageing compression members are analysed. The probability-based assessment of structural safety of particular members (compressive cross-sections) subjected to extreme loadings is presented and illustrated by numerical example.     

A numerical study of prestressed high strength steel tubular members

The structural behavior of prestressed high strength steel (HSS) tubular members is investigated through the execution of advanced finite element modeling. Numerical models are developed and validated against published experimental data on HSS tubular members subjected to different levels of initial prestress and loaded either in tension or compression. The effect of the presence or absence of grouting on the strength and ductility of the members is also considered. To numerically replicate the structural response recorded in the tests, some key modeling features including the employed numerical solver, the adopted material models and the element types warrant careful consideration. Upon developing of the finite element models, the numerically generated ultimate loads, the corresponding failure modes and the full load-deformation curves are compared to the experimental ones, indicating a successful validation. As anticipated, prestressing enhances the load-bearing capacity for the tensile members, whereas it is detrimental for the compressive ones. A series of parametric studies is performed to assess the influence of key factors on the structural response of prestressed HSS members and the obtained results are discussed. Design guidance for tensile and compressive prestressed tubular members is also provided.     

Strength design optimization of structural steel members according to Eurocode 3

In order to design a steel member subjected to a bending moment and an axial load, there are an infinite number of possible solutions of I- or H‐steel cross-sections, the doubly-symmetric solution being just one of them. This paper presents a procedure to obtain the optimal steel cross-section from the infinite number of possible solutions. The process is based on the Reinforcement Sizing Diagrams employed in reinforced concrete strength design. The procedure looks for any type of solution regarding compact or non-compact steel sections. All aspects related to local instabilities are taken into account, as well as some special considerations in order to address the global instabilities associated with the slenderness of the steel element.     

Cyclic responses of thin-walled structural steel members subjected to three-dimensional loading

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the cyclic responses of thin-walled structural steel members under an earthquake-induced, coupled three-dimensional load. Nine thin-walled structural steel members were tested under various load combinations to investigate the correlation among bending, axial load and torsion. Bending capacities of tested members were compared to distinguish the effects of torsion, axial load and their combination in affecting a member's bending performance. Test results show that members' bending strength is reduced when axial load is applied. Further reduction in member performance is exhibited when coupled torsion and axial load are both present; this reduction demonstrates the necessity for including torsion in calculating a member's bending strength when buildings are designed to be earthquake-resistant.     

冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面构件受弯承载力试验研究

为了研究冷弯薄壁型钢构件的受弯性能,对卷边形式为直卷边、斜卷边和复杂卷边的冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面受弯构件进行了试验研究。共计24个试件,分为12组试验,其中纯弯试验和非纯弯试验各6组。试验结果表明,卷边形式是影响构件受弯承载力的重要因素。试验中出现了局部屈曲、畸变屈曲以及局部和畸变的相关屈曲。对比两种受弯状态下的承载力发现,非纯弯时试件的承载力比纯弯时均有所提高,但提高的幅度和试件的屈曲模式有关,当发生畸变屈曲时提高得较多,而发生局部屈曲时提高得较少。利用有限元程序ANSYS对试验进行模拟,模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

Beam and shell element model for advanced analysis of steel structural members

Plastic zone method of advanced analysis, which uses shell elements to model the entire structure, is the most accurate method available to predict the ultimate strength and behavior of steel frames. The disadvantage of such full shell plastic zone models is that it is computationally expensive and hence its use is limited to small structures. Beam elements in commercial finite element packages can model residual stress and capture spread of plasticity, but cannot model local buckling of plates that the member is made up of, which leads to unloading and failure in steel frames. A hybrid model using shell elements only in the regions vulnerable to elastic or inelastic local buckling and beam elements in other locations could overcome this limitation of full beam element model. The issues in using this hybrid model are, knowing a priori the location and length of the shell element region and connecting the beam and shell regions without any artificial stress concentrations or incompatible displacements. In this study, in addition to addressing these issues, the hybrid model is systematically evaluated by studying its performance in structural elements. It is seen that the hybrid model strength predictions has an average error of only 0.91% but requires on an average 83% less computational time when compared to the full shell plastic zone models.     

圆截面钢管混凝土受弯构件试验研究

通过4个圆截面钢管混凝土受弯构件的试验研究,对其基本静力性能进行分析。结果表明,在本文试验参数范围内,圆截面钢管混凝土受弯构件的荷载一跨中挠度曲线可以划分为以下3个阶段：弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和增强阶段;所有试件均在跨中挠度达到大约1／200跨度时结束弹性阶段。环向应变沿截面圆周分布不均匀：纵向受拉最大点环向压应变最大,纵向受压最大点环向拉应变最大。从加载之初直到大约0．7倍极限承载力,纵向应变沿截面高度分布基本符合平截面假定。试件的屈服与钢管的纵向受拉屈服几乎同步发生。对于同一点,纵向受压则环向受拉,反之,纵向受拉则环向受压;纵向受拉点的钢管对混凝土没有约束作用。