浅谈高职药学专业《有机化学》的课程改革

《有机化学》是高职药学专业重要的基础性课程,因为难度系数大、内容枯燥历来不易被学生掌握。一直以来对《有机化学》课程的改革方法有很多,但多数仍集中在理论教学方面而忽视了实践课程的重要性。对《有机化学》的课程改革需要回归到高职学生的特点及人才培养目标上,改革方向可以从两方面考虑:一是编制适合高职药学专业的融合性教材,将药学专业相关课程进行紧密的关联,让学生达到融会贯通的目的;二是构建对接药学就业岗位需求的实训课程,借助产品化的实训教学将药学综合性的专业知识进行串接,让学生形成系统化、专业化的药学岗位技能。     

基于岗位能力导向的高职药学专业社会实践研究

五年制高职药学专业以培养能够适应药学相关工作岗位的学生为目标,只有具备岗位能力学生才能顺利就业,而专业社会实践是药学专业人才培养方案中不可缺少的部分。通过对专业社会实践的剖析,介绍了药学专业社会实践的内容与模式,药学专业社会实践的有效性,专业社会实践的不足等三个方面的内容,为今后的研究奠定基础。     

基于专业课程服务的有机化学教学改革研究

有机化学是药学类专业重要的一门专业基础课程,主要为学生进行后续专业课程学习提供相关的基础知识。结合现阶段高职高专学生现状及课程改革的背景,为了更好的使有机化学课程的教学为后续专业课的学习打下基础,现就药学类专业"有机化学"的课程体系、教学内容及教学方法进行相关改革研究,以便为高职人才培养打下基础,为相关专业改革提供参考。     

应用型本科药学培养方案的调查问卷分析报告

为调整和完善药学专业培养方案,使之更加符合药学学生的培养和发展.通过在线填写问卷的形式,对独立学院2017级药学专业大四学生进行调查.内容涵盖药学专业课程体系、教学内容和方法及就业方向等.通过对调研问卷进行分析,建议应用型本科药学专业培养方案可将药物分子生物学和药物毒理学替换成中药学、心理健康教育或职业发展规划等相关课...     

医药卫生职业院校基础化学课程的中高职衔接分析

职业院校中高职教育的有效衔接是现代职业教育体系研究的重要内容之一。基础化学课程是医药卫生类职业院校各专业的公共基础课程,是后续专业核心课程的基础,在中高职课程教学中出现脱节、重复现象,不利于专业人才的培养,基于此本文分析了当前惠州卫生职业技术学院中高职衔接现状,以药学专业基础化学课程化学反应速率及化学平衡章节为例,从课程教材、教学设计进行分析,教学中要综合考虑学生结构、教学内容和专业侧重,将中高职教学衔接落到实处,要做到分学生、分章节、分专业、分层次的有效衔接。     

高职药学学生基础化学学习状况调查分析

为深入了解高职药学专业学生在基础化学课程学习方面的状况,进一步推动教学教改,提高药学基础课的教学质量,对本校药学专业学生的基础化学学习现状进行了调查分析,并提出一些改正措施。调查结果表明,学生的化学基础非常薄弱,学习动机不强,学习态度差,没有系统的学习方法等系列问题,对此,从教学内容、教师教学和实验操作三个方面提出改善方案,以激发学生的学习兴趣,提高教学效果,为后续的专业课程学习,以及学生终身的可持续发展奠定基础。     

浅议五年制高职无机化学课程中的“五个对接”

五年制高职药学专业技能型人才是以初中起点,如何使学生在高职生活的五年里系统接受学校药学类专业课程学习和企业顶岗实训后形成雄厚的职业素养一直是职业教育的研究热点之一。论文以五年制高职药学专业无机化学课程为例,探讨了为何在专业基础课程中体现"五个对接"、以及如何体现"五个对接"。     

文理兼收高职药学专业有机化学教学探索

有机化学课程是高职药学专业必修的一门专业基础课,对学生学习后续课程具有重要的作用。针对文理兼收的高职药学专业有机化学课程的教学现状,结合专业培养目标、学科特点及多年教学经验,对有机化学的理论课教学从教学内容、教学方法和手段及教学模式等方面进行改革探索。认识到在教学中要激发学生的学习兴趣,注重学习能力的培养,才能提高教学质量,为后续课程的学习奠定良好的基础。     

基于药学服务的有机化学课程内容的构建

有机化学是高职药学专业一门重要的专业基础课,其对理论知识,实践技能都有较高的要求,且与后续的专业课程密切相关。本文从药学服务的角度,分析药学专业课程与药用有机化学的相关性,以及目前高职药学专业学生的现状,从理论和实践二个方面,论述药用有机化学课程内容的构建。     

产品导向的课程改革在高职药学有机化学中的应用

有机化学是高职药学专业重要的基础课程,是奠定专业基础和技能的必修课程。由于教学方法落后、实验操作脱离实际等原因导致有机化学课程的学习效果差,无法有效衔接药学专业课程的内容及专业实操技能。基于产品导向的课程改革能有效地融合药学专业的课程内容,充分发挥有机化学在高职药学中的作用,衔接专业核心课程内容及专业实操技能。     

硅烷处理N2O氧化苯生产苯酚催化剂抑制结碳失活研究

The main cause to the deactivation of ZSM-5 catalyst, used for oxidation of benzene to phenol (BTOP) by nitrous oxide, is that the carbon deposition on the catalyst surface blocks the mouth of pores of the catalyst.In the experiments, ZSM-5 catalyst was modified by chemical surface deposition of silicon, and then the effect of modification condition on the catalyst activation was studied. The catalyst samples were characterized by XRF,EPS, XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption at low temperature, pyridine adsorption-infrared technique and etc. All the above results show that the uniform SiO2 membrane can be formed on ZSM-5 crystal surface. The SiO2 membrane covers the acid centers on ZSM-5 surface to inhibit surface coking, to avoid or decrease the possibility of ZSM-5 pore blockage so that the catalyst activity and stability can be improved efficiently. The optimum siliconiting conditions determined by the experiments are as follows: 4% load of silanizing agent, volume (ml)/mass (g) ratio of hexane/ZSM-5=15/1, and 16 h of modification time. Compared with the samples without siliconiting treatment,the samples treated under the above optimum condition can increase the productivity of phenol by 14% for 3 h reaction time and by 41% for 6 h reaction time respectively.     

DCV-GCMD方法模拟近临界条件下乙烯、苯与乙苯在圆柱形孔道中苯烃化反应条件下的吸附和传递性质

Abstract A cylindrical pore model was used to represent approximately the pore of β-zeolite catalyst that had been used in the alkylation of benzene with ethylene and spherical Lennard-Jones molecules represented the components of the reaction system-ethylene, benzene and ethylbenzene. The dual control volume-grand canonical molecular dynamics (DCV-GCMD) method was used to simulate the adsorption and transport properties of three components under reaction in the cylindrical pore at 250℃and 270℃in the pressure range from 1 MPa to 8 MPa. The state map of the reactant mixture in the bulk phase could be divided into several different regions around its critical points. The simulated adsorption and transport properties in the pore were compared between the different near-critical regions. The thorough analysis suggested that the high pressure liquid region is the most suitable region for the alkylation reaction of benzene under the near-critical condition.     

基于魏格纳分布的鼓泡流化床中结焦早期诊断

An experimental verification is reported on the early predicting index of agglomeration in bubbling fluidized bed. Coarse quartz sand, which has the same density but larger diameter than the bed material, was used to simulate the initial agglomerated particle. Wigner distribution was used to analyze the pressure fuctuation of the tested bed, and the average amplitude of local domain frequency （LDF） and local peak weighted average frequency （LPWA） under different operating conditions were measured and compared. The results showed that the LDF is sensitive to the agglomeration phenomena and had quick response to the incipient agglomeration in fluidized beds. It can be concluded from the results that these two parameters could be taken as the characteristic indexes to the agglomeration in fuidized beds.     

颗粒尾涡增强湍流的大涡模拟以及气固两相流中湍流变动的数值模拟

The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities behind the particle are in agreement with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling results and experimental results. A semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model is proposed by the present-authors based on the LES resuits. This model is incorporated into the second-order moment two-phase turbulence model for simulating vertical gas-particle pipe flows and horizontal gas-particle channel flows. The simulation results show that compared with the model not accounting for the particle wake effect, the present model gives simulation results for the gas turbulence modulation in much better agreement with the experimental results.     

用NRTL方程推算高压汽液平衡并同时描述过量焓

The non-random two liquids （NRTL） equation together with the Pitzer/Curl Virial equation of state are used to investigate the simultaneous representation of excess enthalpies （h^E） and vapour-liquid equilibria （VLE） and the VLE prediction from h^E data. The calculation strategy for properly determining NRTL parameters and the effect of their temperature dependence on the simultaneous correlation of h^E and VLE data and the VLE extrapolation are analysed in detail.     

载体对镍催化剂催化间二硝基苯加氢制间苯二胺反应性能的影响

The hydrogenation of m-dinitrobenzene to m-phenylenediamine in liquid phase was studied with the nickel catalysts supported on SiO2, TiO2, γ-Al2O3, MgO and diatomite carders. Based on the experiments of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）, temperature-programmed desorption of hydrogen （H2-TPD） and activity evaluation, the physico-chemical and catalytic properties of the catalysts were investigated. Among the catalysts tested, the SiO2 supported nickel catalyst showed the highest activity and selectivity towards m-phenylenediamine, over which 97.3% m-dinitrobenzene conversion and 95.1% m-phenylenediamine yield were obtained at 373K under hydrogen pressure of 2.6MPa after reaction for 6 h when using ethanol as solvent. Although TiO2 and diatomite supported nickel catalysts also presented high activity, they had lower selectivity towards m-phenylenediamine. As for γ-Al2O3 and MgO supported catalysts were almost inactive for the object reaction. It was shown that both the activity and selectivity of the catalysts were strongly depended on the interaction between nickel and the support. The higher activities of Ni/SiO2, Ni/TiO2 and Ni/diatomite could be attributed to the weaker metal-support interaction, on which Ni species presented as crystallized Ni metal particles. On the other hand, there existed strong metal-support interaction in Ni/MgO and Ni γ-Al2O3, which causes these catalysts more difficult to be reduced and the availability of Ni active sites decreased, resulting in their low catalytic activity.     

一种用于计算机辅助产物设计中基于BP-NN优化问题的求解方法

Because of the powerful mapping ability, back propagation neural network (BP-NN) has been employed in computer-aided product design (CAPD) to establish the property prediction model. The backward problem in CAPD is to search for the appropriate structure or composition of the product with desired property, which is an optimization problem. In this paper, a global optimization method of using the a BB algorithm to solve the backward problem is presented. In particular, a convex lower bounding function is constructed for the objective function formulated with BP-NN model, and the calculation of the key parameter a is implemented by recurring to the interval Hessian matrix of the objective function. Two case studies involving the design of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) inhibitors and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) nano composites are investigated using the proposed method.     

燃烧法制备二氧化钛催化剂的条件对其可见光催化性能的影响

Titania catalysts were synthesized by a solution combustion method （SCM）. Photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP） using the synthesized catalysts was studied under both visible light （λ≥420nm） and sunlight irradiation. The effect of preparation conditions on photocatalytic activities of the synthesized catalysts was investigated. The optimal photocatalytic activity of the catalyst （denoted as A1 ） was obtained under the following synthesis conditions： ignition temperature of 350~C, fuel ratio （ φ） of 1 and calcination time of lh. The degradation and mineralization ratio of 4-CP were 78.2% and 53.7% respectively under visible light irradiation for 3h using catalyst A1. And the catalyst A1 also showed high photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation.     

基于人工神经网络的滴流床脉冲流频率的预测

An extensive database (946 measurements) for the frequency of pulsing flow in trickle beds was established by collecting the experimental results published over past 30 years. A new correlation based on artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the pulsation frequency was developed. Seven dimensionless numbers (groups) employed in the proposed correlation were liquid and gas Reynolds, liquid Weber, liquid Eǒtvǒs, gas Froude, and gas Stokes numbers and a bed correction factor. The comparisons of performance reported in the of literature and present correlations show that ANN correlation is a significant improvement in predicting pulsation frequency with an average absolute relative error (AARE) of 10% and a standard deviation less than 18%.     

涡流桨搅拌槽内流动非稳定性的大涡模拟

The aim of this work is to investigate the flow instabilities in a baffled, stirred tank generated by a single Rushton turbine by means of large eddy simulation （LES）. The sliding mesh method was used for the coupling between the rotating and the stationary frame of references. The calculations were carried out on the ＂Shengcao-21C＂ supercomputer using a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） code CFX5. The flow fields predicted by the LES simulation and the simulation using standard κ-ε model were compared to the results from particle image velocimetry （PIV） measurements. It is shown that the CFD simulations using the LES approach and the standard κ-ε model agree well with the PIV measurements. Fluctuations of the radial and axial velocity are predicted at different frequencies by the LES simulation. Velocity fluctuations of high frequencies are seen in the impeller region, while low frequencies velocity fluctuations are observed in the bulk flow. A low frequency velocity fluctuation with a nondimensional frequency of 0.027Hz is predicted by the LES simulation, which agrees with experimental investigations in the literature. Flow circulation patterns predicted by the LES simulation are asymmetric, stochastic and complex, spanning a large portion of the tanks and varying with time, while circulation patterns calculated by the simulation using the standard κ-ε model are symmetric. The results of the present work give better understanding to the flow instabilities in the mechanically agitated tank. However, further analysis of the LES calculated velocity series by means of fast Fourier transform （FFT） and/or spectra analysis are recommended in future work in order to gain more knowledge of the complicated flow phenomena.