2-乙基己基磷酸单脂萃取分离钴镍镁试验研究

对Ｐ５０７（２－乙基己基磷酸单脂）萃取分离钴镍镁进行试验研究和Ｐ５０７分离钴镍镁效果很好。钴的直接收率达８１％,回收率达９９％,而且萃取过程无污染,其效果优于使用Ｐ２０４和氟化铵。     

钴萃取研究Ⅳ季胺硫氰酸盐萃取除杂及钴镍分离

一、前言用阴离子交换萃取剂提取有色金属,主要是在卤化物、特别是氯化物体系中进行。在高浓度氯化物中,用叔胺类萃取剂 N—235分离钴镍已实现工业生产。然而在工艺实践中常采用硫酸或硫酸-氯     

溶剂萃取分离铁锌

氯化物溶液中，铁（Ⅱ）、铁（Ⅲ）、锌（Ⅱ）与氯离子配位，形成不同的络合物，具有可萃性差异。对ＴＢＰ、叔胺、季铵进行分离性能比较后发现，季铵对铁（Ⅱ）、锌表现出优良的分离性能和较大的负载容量。机理研究表明，季铵萃锌是阴离子交换反应。模拟实验证实，经两级萃取能使铁（Ⅱ）、锌几乎完全分离。     

叔胺萃取分离钴(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)

研究了不必预先氧化二价铁,直接用叔胺从氯化物溶液中萃取分离钴(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)的新方法.考察了不同改性剂对叔胺萃取钴(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)的影响以及各种因素对钴(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)萃取、洗涤及反萃的影响.提出了用叔胺萃取分离钴(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)的最佳工艺参数.     

叔胺萃取分离钴(II)、铁(II)

研究了不必预先氧化二价铁,直接用叔胺从氯化物溶液中萃取分离钴(II)、铁(II)的新方法. 考察了不同改性剂对叔胺萃取钴(II)、铁(II)的影响以及各种因素对钴(II)、铁(II)萃取、洗涤及反萃的影响. 提出了用叔胺萃取分离钴(II)、铁(II)的最佳工艺参数.     

含氮杂环化合物与有机酸协同体系在镍、钴萃取分离中的应用

近年来开发了多种含氮杂环化合物与有机酸类萃取剂的协同体系,明显提高了镍、钴的萃取性能,同时增强了对杂质元素的分离效果,具有较大的实际应用价值。本工作综述了一些具有代表性的含氮杂环化合物与有机酸类萃取剂组成的协同萃取体系,探讨了萃取体系对镍、钴的协同萃取效果及与常见杂质元素的分离,并讨论了协同萃取体系潜在的工业应用。协同体系对镍、钴的萃取及对杂质元素的分离主要是由酸性萃取剂本身性质和含氮杂环协萃剂的影响共同决定,有机磺酸、羧酸、膦酸等萃取剂与含氮杂环化合物组成的协同萃取体系在萃取镍、钴的过程中对金属杂质元素分离的选择性不同,在镍、钴的提取及生产过程中也展现出不同的应用价值。     

微量硫氰酸根的测定

本方法基于季胺氯仿溶液萃取硫氰酸根,再用0.1N 高氯酸溶液反萃于水相中,可使硫氰酸根与大量镍、钴分离。异烟酸—吡唑啉酮比色法测定。     

钴萃取研究 Ⅱ、用季胺盐净化镍电解液(简报)

一、金川公司采用中和除铁、镍精矿沸腾除铜、氯气氧化除铁三段沉淀的净化方法。由于镍是渣的主要成份,不但降低了主金属镍的直收率,而且增加了其他金属回收的复杂性。尤其是钴,要在专门建立的车间中,经过一个冗长的流程才能回收。我们在用季胺硫氰酸盐分离钴、镍的研究中认识到,这种萃取剂对站有极高的选择性,而几乎不受镍的影响。完全可以用于从镍电解液中分离钴。如果电解     

电镍含钴废渣提取氧化钴

本文阐述了利用电镍含钴废渣,经硫酸还原溶解、黄钠铁矾法除铁、P-204萃取除杂质及分离镍钴、氟化铵除钙镁、草酸铵沉淀钴、煅烧等制取氧化钴的工艺流程及其生产方法;并阐述了本工艺所制得产品的质量和经济效益等。     

P507分离钴镍的研究进展

钴、镍是非常重要的战略金属资源，目前工业上主要采用溶剂萃取法进行分离回收。P507因具有分离系数高、毒性低、化学稳定性好等优点而成为分离钴、镍的主要萃取剂之一。本文首先综述了有机相中P507的体积分数、皂化度、水相的pH值、萃取反应时间等关键因素对钴、镍分离效果的影响；其次，对协萃体系如P507-P204、P507-Cyanex272及P507-P204等进行了深入总结；最后，对P507萃取分离钴、镍的相关研究方向进行了总结和展望。     

Simultaneous solvent extraction of cobalt and magnesium in the presence of nickel from sulfate solutions by Ionquest 801

The simultaneous extraction of Co(II) and Mg(II) from nickel sulfate solutions has been carried out using the organophosphonic extractant Ionquest 801 diluted in Exxsol D‐80. Statistical design and analysis of experiments were used in order to determine the main effects and interactions of the solvent extraction parameters, which were the extraction pH at equilibrium, the temperature, the extractant concentration and the organic/aqueous phase ratio. A statistically designed experiment was also carried out to study the stripping of the Ionquest 801 organic phase loaded with cobalt and magnesium by sulfuric acid solution. The number of stages required for both extraction and stripping processes of cobalt and magnesium was evaluated. The results of continuous counter‐current mini‐plant tests demonstrated the simultaneous recovery of cobalt and magnesium from nickel sulfate solution. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

THE KINETICS OF COBALT AND NICKEL EXTRACTION USING HEHEHP

The kinetics of the extraction of cobalt and nickel using purified mono 2-ethyl hexyl phosphonic acid mono 2-ethyl hexyl ester (HEHEHP) were studied using the Rotating Diffusion Cell (RDC) apparatus. The extraction of cobalt was Investigated over a wide range of cobalt concentration, extractant concentration, pH and temperature conditions. Nickel extraction was examined over a wide range of nickel concentrations.

The kinetic data were treated according to both interfacial and mass transfer with chemical reaction (MTWCR) models. The MTWCR model adequately described the kinetic data for both the cobalt and nickel extraction experiments. No variation of an interfacial model was adequate to describe the data. In the MTWCR model, the extraction rate was shown to be controlled by a mechanism involving diffusion of the extractant into the aqueous phase boundary layer with subsequent reaction involving the addition of the first ligand to the cobalt or nickel ion. This extraction mechanism was substantiated by supplementary results including the activation energy determination which indicated mixed diffusion and chemical reaction control, the significant measured rate of partition of the extractant to the aqueous phase, and the values of the cobalt and nickel complex formation constants in the aqueous phase.     

SOLVENT EXTRACTION OP COPPER (II), NICKEL (II) AND COBALT(II) PROM HALIDE AND THIOCYANATE SOLUTIONS BY ALDOXIMES

The extraction of divalent copper, nickel and cobalt from acidic chloride solutions with solutions of heptaloxime, nonaloxime and 2-methyldekaloxime in toluene has been studied at 18*C.

These metals were found to be extracted according to the following solvation reaction:

The influence of syn-anti isomerization of aldoximes on the extraction has been discussed. Taking into account association and syn - anti isomerization constants of aldoximes in organic phase,hydration of extracted oomplexes and activities of salts in aqueous phase, effective extraction oonstants have been calculated for chloride solutions.

Separation of nickel and cobalt from aoidic chloride, bromide and thiooyanate solutions by extraction with heptaloxime has been studied.     

Separation of cobalt and nickel from acidic sulfate solutions using mixtures of di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DP‐8R) and hydroxyoxime (ACORGA M5640)

DP‐8R and ACORGA M5640 extractants diluted in Exxsol D100 were used to co‐extract cobalt and nickel from aqueous acidic sulfate media. The influences of equilibration time, temperature, equilibrium pH and reagent concentrations on the extraction of both metals have been studied. It was observed that both cobalt and nickel extraction are slightly sensitive to temperature but are pH dependent. Metal extraction equilibria are reached within about 5 min contact time. In addition, cobalt extraction depends on the extractant concentration in the organic phase. For a solution containing 0.5 g dm^?3 each of cobalt and nickel and an initial pH of 4.1, conditions were established for the co‐extraction of both metals and selective stripping (with H₂SO₄) of cobalt and nickel. Using the appropriate reagent concentrations the yield (extraction stage) for both metals exceeded 90%, and stripping of cobalt and nickel was almost quantitative. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Recycling of nickel–metal hydride batteries. II: Electrochemical deposition of cobalt and nickel

A combination of hydrometallurgical and electrochemical processes has been developed for the separation and recovery of nickel and cobalt from cylindrical nickel–metal hydride rechargeable batteries. Leaching tests revealed that a 4 mol dm^?3 hydrochloric acid solution at 95 °C was suitable to dissolve all metals from the battery after 3 h dissolution. The rare earths were separated from the leaching solution by solvent extraction with 25% bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in kerosene. The nickel and cobalt present in the aqueous phase were subjected to electrowinning. Galvanostatic tests on simulated aqueous solutions investigated the effect of current density, pH, and temperature with regard to current efficiency and deposit composition and morphology. The results indicated that achieving an Ni? Co composition with desirable properties was possible by varying the applied current density. Preferential cobalt deposition was observed at low current densities. Galvanostatic tests using solutions obtained from treatment of batteries revealed that the aqueous chloride phase, obtained from the extraction, was suitable for recovery of nickel and cobalt through simultaneous electrodeposition. Scanning electron micrography and X‐ray diffraction analysis gave detailed information of the morphology and the crystallographic orientation of the obtained deposits. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

The separation and recovery of copper(Ⅱ), nickel(Ⅱ), cobalt(Ⅱ), zinc(Ⅱ),and cadmium(Ⅱ) in a sulfate-based solution using a mixture of Versatic 10 acid and Mextral 984H

We studied the separation and recovery of copper(Ⅱ), nickel(Ⅱ), cobalt(Ⅱ), zinc(Ⅱ), and cadmium(Ⅱ) from magnesium and calcium, using synergistic solvent extraction(SSX) in a typical hydrometallurgical waste solution. A mixture of Versatic 10 acid and Mextral 984 H, diluted with Mextral DT100, was used to obtain fundamental data on p H and distribution isotherms, as well as the kinetics of extraction and stripping. We also investigated the main effects and interactions of common solvent extraction factors: the extraction p H at equilibrium, the temperature, and the extractant concentration. The synergistic effect for extracting metals was confirmed. The results showed that the addition of Mextral 984 H enhanced the separation factors of copper, nickel, cobalt,zinc, and cadmium over magnesium and calcium. Compared with Versatic 10 acid alone, for a mixture of0.5 mol·L~(-1) Versatic 10 acid/0.5 mol·L~(-1)Mextral 984 H, Δp H50 values of copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and cadmium were found to be N 2.0, 3.30, 2.85, 0.95, and 1.32 p H units, respectively. The Δp H_(50)(Zn–Mg)and Δp H_(50)(Zn–Ca)values were 3.27 and 2.25, respectively, indicating easy separation and recovery of copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt,and cadmium. The extraction and stripping of copper, cobalt, zinc, and cadmium were fast, with 90% of the metal transferred in 2 min. We next studied whether the metals could be stripped from the extracted liquid selectively in sequence, by using sulfuric acid at different concentrations. The influence of the molecular structure of the oxime and carboxylic acid components upon the synergistic effects was identified by numerical analysis.Excellent separation of copper, nickel, cobalt, and zinc over magnesium and calcium was achieved with this synergistic solvent extraction system.     

THE KINETICS OF ZINC,COBALT AND NICKEL EXTRACTION IN THE D2EHPA-HEPTANE-HC104 SYSTEM USING THE ROTATING DIFFUSION CELL TECHNIQUE

The kinetics of the extraction of zinc, cobalt and nickel from perchlorate solutions using di 2-ethyl-hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) dissolved in heptane were studied using the Rotating Diffusion Cell technique. The extraction of each metal was investigated individually over a wide range of metal concentration, extractant concentration, pH and temperature conditions.

The data were analysed in terms of a mass transfer with chemical reaction (MTWCR) mechanism. Hughes and Rod'/s generalized MTWCR model was used to fit the cobalt data using kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The zinc and nickel data were quantitatively described within the framework of the MTWCR model. The zinc extraction rate was so fast that mass transfer alone was rate controlling. The nickel extraction experiments were so slow that the metal-ligand complex formation was incomplete in the aqueous film. Some reaction was determined to be occurring in the aqueous bulk solution as well.     

Recycling of nickel–metal hydride batteries. I: Dissolution and solvent extraction of metals

Nickel–metal hydride batteries contain valuable metallic components and although they are not considered a hazardous waste, recovery of these materials is necessary from an economic point of view. In this work a hydrometallurgical method for the dissolution and separation of the metals from cylindrical nickel–metal hydride rechargeable batteries was investigated. Hydrochloric acid was employed as the leaching agent to dissolve the metals from the batteries. Dissolution of metals was investigated as a function of acid concentration, leaching time and temperature. Suitable conditions for maximum metal dissolution were 3 h leaching with 4.0 mol dm^?3 hydrochloric acid solutions at 95 °C. Extraction of 98% of nickel, 100% of cobalt and 99% of rare earth elements was achieved under these conditions. Separation of the rare earths from nickel and cobalt was preliminarily investigated by single batch solvent extraction with 25% bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid. Efficient separation via complete extraction of the rare earths was obtained at a pH of approximately 2.5 while leaving nickel and cobalt in the raffinate. A shrinking particle model which can enable, under certain conditions, evaluation of the extent of metal dissolution present in nickel–metal hydride batteries was developed. A proposed electrochemical recovery of nickel and cobalt is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF COPPER(II), NICKEL(II), AND COBALT(II) FROM SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS BY OCTANAL OXIME

The extraction of divalent copper, nickel, and cobalt from sodium chloride solutions with octanal oxime (OCOX) was found to proceed by the following reaction:

The association of octanal oxime in toluene was taken into account in the modelling of the extraction reaction, and the formation constants for dimers and trimers were calculated using vapour-pressure osmometry. Stability constants for the formation of aqueous copper-chloro species were also calculated.