使用在线基本参数法对多层合金薄膜样品的成分和膜厚同时定量分析已成为现实

在X荧光光谱分析中,为分析多层合金薄膜的成分和膜厚,需要标准样品和建立工作曲线等有许多繁琐的问题。使用在线基本参数法对多层合金薄膜样品的成分和膜厚的同时分析已成为现实。介绍使用配备于岛津顺序扫描X射线荧光光谱仪的薄膜FP法,分析Al蒸镀膜和电镀钢板的例子     

带钢涂层膜厚在线检测系统及应用

常规X射线等在线检测系统无法有效地在线实时检测汽车板、电镀锌板、硅钢板等带钢的涂层膜厚,为此,研发了带钢涂层膜厚在线检测系统。系统主要由PLC控制装置、探头电控行走机构、冷却装置及终端计算机等构成,采用红外线非接触检测法,实现带钢耐指纹膜厚、钝化膜厚、涂油量和环保涂层的在线实时检测以及检测数据处理功能。现场应用效果证明系统的可靠性和检测精度均较高。     

陶瓷厚膜压力变送器在锅炉控制系统中的应用

简要介绍了陶瓷厚膜压力变送器的结构、性能特点和应用，并分析了一应用电路的工作原理。     

国内外树脂矿浆法提金专用树脂研究与应用

本文综述了国内外几种提金专用树脂的特性与应用于黄金生产上的技术比较，指出原苏联的ＡＭ－２Ｂ型树脂是世界上比较先进的提金树脂，国产的３５３Ｅ型与ＮＫ８８４型树脂均可以应用于树脂矿浆法提金生产上．     

六西格玛在控制彩色涂层钢板膜厚变化中的应用

应用六西格玛管理工具,通过CE矩阵、FMEA分析确定影响彩色涂层钢板膜厚的关键因子,通过回归分析确定膜厚变化规律及最佳生产条件。在掌握膜厚变化规律的同时也有效地控制了彩色涂层钢板的加工成本。     

树脂矿浆法提取金银的研究与应用

本文从工艺流程及连续逆流树脂矿浆吸附槽的研制等方面,简要叙述了我院树脂矿浆法提取金银的研究及应用概况。首次报道按此技术建造的第一座树脂矿浆法提金工厂已建成投产。     

树脂矿浆法提金工艺研究及应用

树脂矿浆法提金工艺属于无过滤提金技术,具有吸附速度快、饱和载金量大、解吸和再生容易、耐磨性好、抗污染能力强及适用范围广等优点。自采用树脂矿浆法提金工艺后,氰化浸出率由原来的90.82%提高到96.88%,提高了6.06%;金的选矿总回收率由90.28%提高到95.86%,提高了5.58%;解吸电积的金泥品位由原来的15%左右提高至70%左右。     

树脂矿浆法及其在钼冶金中的应用

介绍了树脂矿浆法的发展历史及其研究进展。针对难选低品位辉钼矿石性质的复杂性及其冶金工艺的发展特点，展望了树脂矿浆法在钼冶金工业中的应用前景及发展趋势。并通过应用实例指出，采用树脂矿浆法处理高碳非标准辉钼矿，浸出过程中阮在树脂上的吸附率及解吸率均在99％以上，Mo的最终回收率可达到92％～95％。     

采用磁控溅射法在细菌纤维素膜上制备高性能的铟锡氧化物薄膜

Microbial cellulose (MC) membranes produced by Acetobacter xylinum NUST4.1, were used as flexible substrates for the fabrication of transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. Transparent and conductive ITO thin films were deposited on MC membrane at room temperature using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The optimum ITO deposition conditions were achieved by examining crystalline structure, surface morphology and optoelectrical characteristics with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV spectroscopy. The sheet resistance of the samples was measured with a four-point probe and the resistivity of the film was calculated. The results reveal that the preferred orientation of the deposited ITO crystals is strongly dependent upon with oxygen content (O2/Ar, volume ratio) in the sputtering chamber. And the ITO crystalline structure directly determines the conductivity of ITO-deposited films. High conductive [sheet resistance～120Ω.square-1(Ω.sq-1)] and transparent (above 76%)ITO rilms(240 nm thick) were Obtained with a moderate sputtering power (about 60 W) and with an oxygen flow rate of 0.25ml·min-1(sccm) during the deposition. These results show that the ITO-MC electrodes can find their potential application in optoelectrical devices.     

The film thickness of five adhesive resin cements

In 1994 we described a system whereby certain patients with back pain, on referral to an orthopaedic clinic, were seen first by a physiotherapist who referred on only the problem cases and those in need of surgery ('triage'). This practice has grown rapidly but there have been difficulties. To clarify these we have carried out a postal questionnaire. The results reveal similar practices in most centres but some discrepancies that are cause for concern. These relate to the workload of the physiotherapist, informed consent, supervision and accountability, the type of cases seen and not least the stresses on the physiotherapist. We believe the triage system has many benefits, but if it is not to be derailed the issues of concern must be addressed and the posts properly structured.     

采用DAGC方法改进引进的厚度控制数学模型的研究及实践

通过分析说明采用DAGC改进西门子厚控数学模型可以提高厚控精度,这在宝山钢铁股份有限公司2050mm热连轧机实践中得到了证实.分析表明GE厚控数学模型与西门子厚控数学模型相似,同样可以采用DAGC对其进行改进,攀枝花钢铁(集团)公司1450 mm热连轧机改造中采用DAGC改进GE厚控数学模型后,取得了预期效果.指出DACE改进日本厚控数学模型后的两大优点:简化调节参数,消除压力AGC与监控AGC之间的相互影响,从而达到简化系统、提高厚控精度的效果,宝山钢铁股份有限公司1580 mm热连轧机改造中采用DACE获得成功.     

间隔人工间柱留矿全面采矿法在倾斜中厚金矿体的应用

本文介绍间隔人工间柱留矿全面采矿法的特点及其在倾斜中厚金矿体的应用简况,并对该法进行评价.     

Effect of dynamic loading methods on cement film thickness in vitro

PURPOSE: Reduced cement flm thicknesses can improve crown seating and decrease marginal discrepancies. Improved marginal adaptation has the potential to reduce plaque accumulation, periodontal disease, and cement dissolution. Studies have indicated that dynamic seating methods can reduce seating discrepancies associated with zinc phosphate and resin cements. However, other types of cements and other dynamic techniques have not yet been studied or compared, nor has the mechanism for improved seating been fully explained. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a variety of loading methods on the film thicknesses of current types of crown and fixed partial denture cements compressed between glass plates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study investigated the effect of three dynamic loading methods on film thickness of six representative fixed prosthodontic cements. These included zinc phosphate, resin-modified glass ionomer, encapsulated glass ionomer, adhesive composite resin, composite resin, and polycarboxylate. The method was derived from American Dental Association specifications for cement film thickness. In control groups, the cements were placed between two glass glass plates and statically loaded with a 15-kg weight. The test groups were initially similarly loaded, and then for 30 seconds further subjected to simulated repeated patient opening and closing, vibrations from an electromallet, or an ultrasonic device. RESULTS: Mean film thicknesses ranged from 7.4 micrometers for polycarboxylate / ultrasound up to 40.3 micrometers for composite resin / static. Two-way analysis of variance revealed that the effects of material type and cementation method and their interaction all significantly affected film thickness (P < .0001). Multiple range analysis showed that dynamic methods were generally superior to static loading and that the ultrasonic method was the best overall. CONCLUSIONS: The different dynamic loading methods all significantly decreased cement film thicknesses between glass plates. The ultrasonic method was the most effective. The type of cement used also influenced film thickness. Composite resins were more affected than other materials.     

A new,optical measuring technique for the determination of the vapour film thickness during film boiling

A non-contact measuring technique was developed and tested to determine the thickness of a vapour film during film boiling. The technique is based on the different optical properties of vapour and water admixed with a fluorescent substance. Pictures were taken of the surroundings of the vapour film using a long-distance microscope of high resolving power and a TV-camera; they were recorded with a video recorder. The pictures were evaluated using methods of digital image processing and by application of a model for the intensity distribution of fluorescence-radiation. The technique was tested on a steel sphere heated to 690°C and subsequently immersed into warm water of 55°C. The thickness of the vapour film directly after immersion was determined at 0.20 mm. The thickness decreased continuously during the cooling process and reached a thickness of 0.11 mm after 20 s, immediately before the collapse of the vapour film. The surface temperature of the steel sphere immediately before the collapse was about 420°C. The thicknesses of the vapour film calculated with a simple theoretical model were found to be about 50 % smaller than those measured.     

The use of fiber concentrations for ration formulation

Dairy cattle require fibrous feedstuffs in the diet. However, defining the fiber requirements requires knowledge of many interacting components within the diet as well as how the feed is allocated and processed. To meet the demands of high producing dairy cows for energy, diets consist of large quantities of concentrates and high quality forages containing relatively low amounts of fiber. However, to maintain normal rumen function and milk fat percentage, a large portion of the fiber needs to come from forage. Current National Research Council recommendations are a minimum of 25 to 28% dietary neutral detergent fiber, 75% of which is supplied from forage. Chemical measures of fiber alone are not adequate for ration balancing; fiber varies in its effectiveness at stimulating chewing. This variation is greater when feeds contain high amounts of by-products in place of forages. The effectiveness in stimulation of chewing of fiber is variable as the particle size and retention times of indigestible and digestible fiber vary. Currently, little information exists about the fiber requirements of the cow from immediately postcalving until peak lactation. Early lactation cows are clearly more limited by physical fill than are cows in mid and late lactation. Rations based on nonforage fiber sources (> 45% neutral detergent fiber on a dry matter basis) are being evaluated for early lactation cows. Information is needed to determine the variation in the amount of fermentation acids produced, chewing activity, and amount of saliva secreted as these all contribute to the physical effectiveness of fiber.     

浅述留矿采矿法在我国的应用

详述了我国黄金资源的特点，以及留矿采矿法的开采技术条件和采矿工艺，介绍了留矿采矿法在应用过程中存在的问题，以及改进后的多种变形方案，提出了留矿采矿法进一步完善和研究的方向。