矢Wigner高阶谱在齿轮故障诊断中的研究

全矢谱技术能够有效的融合同源双通道的信息,融合后的信息无论从结构上还是能量上都能够真实的反映转子的实际运行状态。针对Wigner高阶谱只能处理单通道信息这一缺点,将全矢谱技术与Wigner高阶谱相结合,提出矢Wigner高阶谱分析方法,给出了其定义与算法,并将其应用到齿轮故障诊断中。仿真研究及实例验证结果表明,矢Wigner高阶谱能够克服基于单通道信息的Wigner高阶谱的片面性,并且该分析方法同时具备两者的优点,为齿轮故障诊断提供更可靠的依据。     

基于小波降噪的共振解调技术在齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

提出一种运用基于小波降噪的共振解调技术对齿轮齿面接触故障进行诊断的方法。该方法利用小波降噪算法对传感器采集的混合信号进行降噪;采用共振解调技术对降噪后的故障源信号进行频谱分析,成功地提取了齿轮齿面直接接触的故障特征。     

面向制造的弧齿线圆柱齿轮的建模设计

介绍了一种面向制造的设计方法,根据弧齿线圆柱齿轮的加工原理,提出了基于齿轮齿条原理的弧齿线圆柱齿轮的特征建模方法.采用的齿轮实体建模方法与实际齿轮加工方法相同,为精确造型、正确仿真及有限元分析提供了基础.     

Surface fitting of an involute spur gear tooth flank roughness measurement to its nominal shape

A method for fitting a topography measured on an involute spur gear tooth flank to its nominal shape is proposed, so that the exact position along the length of the tooth from which the measured surface originates can be determined, and so that the nominal shape of the surface can be subtracted prior to roughness parameters calculation.     

Experimental studies on the effects of reduction in gear tooth stiffness and lubricant film thickness in a spur geared system

Gears are one of the most common mechanisms for transmitting power and motion and their usage can be found in numerous applications. Studies on gear teeth contacts have been considered as one of the most complicated applications in tribology. Depending on the application, the speed and load conditions of teeth may change triggering several types of failures on teeth surface such as wear, scuffing, micro-pitting and pitting. The above-mentioned faults influence changes in vibration and acoustic signals, due to changes in operating conditions such as increase in temperature and decrease in lubricant film thickness and specific film thickness. These abnormal changes result in cumulative effects on localised or distributed faults on load bearing surfaces of gears. Such damages cause reduction in tooth stiffness and severity of damage can be assessed by evaluating the same using vibration-based signals.This paper presents the results of experimental investigations carried out to assess wear in spur gears of back-to-back gearbox under accelerated test conditions. The studies considered the estimation of operating conditions such as film thickness and their effects on the fault growth on teeth surface. Modal testing experiments have been carried out on the same gear starting from healthy to worn out conditions to quantify wear damage. The results provide a good understanding of dependent roles of gearbox operating conditions and vibration parameters as measures for effective assessment of wear in spur gears.     

弧齿线圆柱齿轮齿面形成原理

弧齿线圆柱齿轮是一种新型齿轮,它具有齿面弯曲强度高、低噪声、更好的润滑性能、对轴线平行度误差适应性强、无轴向力等一系列优点。但由于该齿轮发展历史不长,在理论上还缺乏系统性的研究,这就给该齿轮的设计应用带来了困难。着重从弧齿线圆柱齿轮齿面的齿面形成原理及啮合特性方面对该齿轮进行了分析和研究,推导出被加工齿轮齿面方程,目的在于为该齿轮的设计提供必要的理论依据。     

LONENZ插齿机故障诊断与维修

对LONENZ插齿机刀轴蜗轮副研死的原因进行了详尽的分析,并阐述了解决的方案.     

Modeling and experimental verification of cutting forces in gear tooth cutting

Due to complex cutting edge profile of an involute cutter, calculations of chip width and consequently cutting force are quite problematical. This article presents a mechanistic approach in the prediction of cutting force components arising in the course of gear tooth cutting by an involute form cutter. To permit calculation of chip width (and so cutting forces), a discrete model is utilized and cutting force components are then derived using Kienzle approach. Moreover, several experiments are performed under different cutting conditions to prove the effectiveness and accuracy of the used method. The results have revealed that cutting force components can be predicted in form gear tooth cutting with a significant accuracy.     

轮齿压力角对齿面接触强度的影响分析

运用赫兹接触理论,分析了轮齿压力角对齿轮接触强度的影响,得出了轮齿强度随压力角的变化规律。发现轮齿压力角的增大,齿面接触正应力和工作剪应力均减小,对提高齿轮强度和防止齿面点蚀极为有利,为重载齿轮的设计提供了理论依据。     

Influence of tooth profile and oil formulation on gear power loss

Nowadays power losses are a main concern in transmission systems and the friction between gear teeth during the meshing cycle is one of the main sources. The friction losses reduction is mandatory to promote lower energy consumption, lower operating temperatures, lower oil oxidation and lower risk of failures.In this study the power losses reduction is obtained using two different approaches: using lower modulus helical gears and significant positive profiles shifts and using gear oil formulations with different base oils.The adopted geometries proved to reduce the power losses considerably, promoting a reduction of oil operating temperature up to 20 K.     

浅释蜗轮蜗杆传动中齿形的影响与改善

指出在蜗轮蜗杆减速装置中,齿形是否准确,是影响蜗轮蜗杆传动质量的主要原因之一。文章先对蜗杆的齿形进行了分析,又指出如何提高蜗轮蜗杆齿形的准确性问题,其他是有效提高蜗轮蜗杆的传动效率、降低传动噪声和温升的重要手段。并针对ZA型蜗轮蜗杆齿形的加工工艺及齿形的成形加以分析和探讨,总结出了ZA型蜗轮蜗杆齿形传动中的问题,提出了改善的方案,即在ZA型蜗轮蜗杆传动中,采用磨削蜗杆的齿形,克服由于齿形不准所造成的不良影响,来改善传动质量,提高产品品质。     

Numerical and experimental analysis of a gear system with teeth defects

The modelling of a one-stage spur gear transmission by a two degrees of freedom system produces two modes: rigid body and elastic. The time varying meshing stiffness is the main internal excitation source for the transmission and governs the behaviour of the elastic mode. Deterioration of one or several teeth, which affects the gear mesh stiffness, is considered in this work. The beginning of crack or spalling are modelled respectively by tooth having localised and distributed defect and are taken into account in the model. Simulation results are analysed by cepstrum and spectrum techniques. It is found that cepstrum and spectrum techniques are very efficient for localised and distributed defects, respectively. Series of tests are made in the experimental setup. Spectrum and cepstrum analysis of the recorded responses, with and without defects, are compared with numerical results and confirms their usefulness in gear monitoring .     

齿轮故障诊断技术现状与展望

介绍了齿轮故障理论及诊断技术的现状;对齿轮故障机理研究、齿轮故障简易诊断技术、精密诊断技术、诊断技术最新发展进行了分类阐述,并对齿轮故障诊断技术的未来发展方向提出了看法。     

齿轮裂纹故障仿真计算与诊断

提出了一种利用仿真信号对齿轮裂纹故障进行诊断的方法。从齿轮的单自由度振动模型出发,将裂纹故障等效为模型中轮齿刚度的削减,运用差分算法对模型进行求解,得到齿轮的振动位移、速度以及加速度响应,利用傅立叶变换和双谱分析对仿真结果进行处理,成功地提取了齿轮裂纹的故障信息。     

螺旋锥齿轮真实齿面偏差修正研究

根据传统机械式的机床结构,运用4×4 Denavit-Hartenberg齐次变换矩阵、齿轮啮合理论等建立了成形法加工的螺旋锥齿轮齿面偏差识别方程,提出采用截断奇异值分解法(TSVD)与L曲线法求解识别方程,得到机床的修正参数,以指导六轴五联动数控螺旋锥齿轮机床的参数调整,从而达到对齿面偏差的修正.研究表明,采用此方法修正齿面偏差效果显著,这为提高螺旋锥齿轮的加工精度提供了另一条有效途径.     

盘形齿轮铣刀渐开线齿形数控磨削仿真研究

对盘形齿轮铣刀渐开线齿形的数控磨削加工进行仿真:根据渐开线设计的理论公式,提出了参数化设计方法,给出了机床坐标变换矩阵、刀位补偿及渐开线齿形坐标计算公式;给出了利用西门子840D数控系统的渐开线插补功能实现的仿真实例。     

图像处理技术在齿轮缺陷检测中的应用

针对齿轮缺陷图像的特点,对其缺陷的提取技术进行了研究,提出了基于迭代的阈值构造方法和基于数学形态学的边缘提取算法.针对在工作现场采集的齿轮进行数字成像,结合图像的变换、中值滤波、阈值分割、边缘检测、特征提取、模式识别等算法,通过适当的处理和分析,对齿轮缺陷进行自动检测与识别,最终实现了对缺陷的机器自动识别.应用先进的数字图像处理技术的是实现产品质量监控和故障诊断的有效方法.     

啮合力移动速度对轮齿变形影响的有限元分析

运用有限元方法对轮齿的低阶固有频率进行了分析。计算了一定载荷条件下的轮齿在不同的齿对啮合时间下的动态位移响应，并与对应啮合位置的轮齿静态变形进行了比较。结果表明，轮齿具有较高的固有频率，在一般转速下，啮合力沿齿廓移动速度的大小对轮齿变形的影响很小，可以忽略不计。因此，静态条件下轮齿刚度的研究成果可应用于齿轮传动的动态变形计算中。     

Global and local analysis of gear scuffing tests using a mixed film lubrication model

Gear tests were performed in a FZG test rig in order to evaluate the influence of the operating conditions (torque, speed and oil bath temperature), gear geometry and base oil viscosity on gear scuffing.A mixed film lubrication model was used to evaluate the normal pressures and shear stresses in several points along the gear meshing line, for each load stage and for all the gear scuffing tests performed.The gear scuffing results were analyzed using two different approaches: one considering global gear parameters defined at the meshing line scale and another based on local parameters at the roughness asperity scale, determined using the mixed film lubrication model.The analysis at the roughness asperity level was used to complete the scuffing study performed with global gear contact parameters, explaining the occurrence of scuffing during ‘running-in’, justifying the zones in teeth flanks where the first scuffing marks appear and supplying indicators for low scuffing resistance at high oil bath temperatures.     

螺旋锥齿轮齿面近似产成方法研究

介绍了一种在CNC机床上用近似加工产成螺旋锥齿轮小轮齿面的方法,推导了刀具表面和产成表面之间的啮合方程以及产成表面的表达式.此方法能够控制齿面一条参考线上所有点的特征,更好地结合了局部共轭和完全共轭,所加工出的齿面仍采用了齿面修正,而且和完全共轭齿面更加接近.