QuEChERS-三重四极杆液相色谱质谱联用法快速筛查花生中52种农药残留

目的 基于QuEChERS 前处理方法,建立了HPLC-MS/MS快速筛查花生中52种农药残留的筛选和确认。方法 样品经0.1%甲酸乙腈提取,提取液经MgSO4、PSA和C18净化后,采用Waters C18(100 mm×2.1 mm×1.7 μm)色谱柱分离,在三重四级杆正离子反应监测（MRM）测定,基质标准曲线结合外标法定量。结果52种农药在0.001μg/mL~0.1μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.998,方法的定量限（LOQ）1.0~5.0μg/Kg,通过实际样品加标回收试验,52种农药在10μg/Kg的加标回收率为76.6%~107.6%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.5%~12.3%,结论 该方法适用于花生中农药残留的筛查检测及定量分析。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法同时测定枸杞中46种农药残留

建立了QuEChERS结合气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法(GC-MS/MS)同时检测枸杞中46种农药残留的方法。样品经乙腈提取后,使用无水硫酸镁、N-丙基乙二胺(N-propyl ethylenediamine,PSA)进行净化,以HP-5MS色谱柱分离待测物,GC-MS/MS采用多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring mode,MRM)模式检测,基质匹配外标法定量。结果表明,46种农药在0.01~0.20 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r>0.99。方法检出限(S/N=3)在0.02~3.90 μg/kg的范围内,方法定量限(S/N=10)在0.05~12.99 μg/kg的范围内;在10、50、100 μg/kg的加标水平下,46种化合物平均加标回收率达71.5%~99.8%,相对标准偏差为0.7%~8.9%。10批次枸杞样品中4批次检出农药残留,含量范围为19.4~262 μg/kg。该方法快速、灵敏、准确,适用于枸杞中多种农药残留的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中50种兽药残留

目的 建立QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)测定水产品中50种兽药残留(三苯甲烷类、酰胺醇类、硝基咪唑类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类)的方法。方法 样品经过含1%甲酸的乙腈溶液提取, 采用QuEChERS方法净化, 通过相同C18色谱柱分离, 经2个不同流动相系统(0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇、5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液-甲醇)梯度洗脱后, 采用UPLC-MS/MS电喷雾正离子模式、正负切换模式分别分析测定, 基质添加标准曲线外标或内标法定量。结果 50种药物标准曲线相关系数均≥0.997, 检出限为0.0319~0.356 418 μg/kg, 加标回收率为60.7%~114%, 相对标准偏差为1.06%~14.1%。结论 本方法快速、高效, 可应用于水产品中多种兽药残留的快速准确筛查和检测。     

全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统-同位素稀释-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果蔬菜中的三苯锡残留

建立了全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统-同位素稀释-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜水果中三苯锡残留的方法。方法利用全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统提取和净化一体的功能,结合同位素稀释和气相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱仪检测,消除了QuEChERS法处理样品带来的基质效应问题。样品经1%乙酸乙腈溶液在全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统提取净化,用四乙基硼化钠进行衍生,采用GC-MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式对三苯锡进行定性和定量分析。结果表明,三苯锡在10～500μg/L,相关系数(R~2)为0.9995,检出限(LOD)为0.0005mg/kg,定量限为0.005mg/kg。选取4种不同基质的果蔬样品,在空白样品中添加浓度为0.02、0.1mg/kg和0.2mg/kg,三苯锡的平均回收率范围为92.3%～115.1%,相对标准偏差小于10.1%。     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中20种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物残留

目的 建立QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)同时快速测定水产品中20种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物残留量的分析方法。方法 样品经乙腈提取, 用乙二胺-N-丙基甲硅烷(primary secondary amine, PSA)和中性氧化铝吸附剂净化, 通过Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm)色谱柱分离, 以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相, 采用电喷雾正离子模式下, 多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式下分析, 基质匹配曲线外标法定量。结果 20种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物在0.05~20.00 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2≥0.9991), 在空白样品基质中进行3个不同浓度水平的加标实验, 平均回收率为63.3%~105.8%, 相对标准偏差为0.1%~7.5% (n=6)。方法检出限为0.1~0.5 μg/kg, 定量限为0.3~2.0 μg/kg。结论 该方法操作简便、灵敏度高、准确可靠, 适用于水产品中20种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物的快速筛查。     

改良QuEChERS法与LC-MS/MS联用测定水产品中13种农药残留

采用改良的QuEChERS方法提取与净化水产样品,建立氯嘧磺隆、异丙草胺、嘧菌酯等13种农药残留同时测定的液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）检测方法。样品用含1%乙酸的乙腈溶液提取,提取液用聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯（PS-DVB）和乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）分散固相萃取净化,将目标物在电喷雾正离子（ESI+）电离,多反应监测（MRM）模式下测定,基质外标法定量。在优化的试验条件下,13种目标物在1～100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,方法检出限为0.15～0.75 μg/kg。分别对空白罗非和空白对虾按5,20 μg/kg和50 μg/kg等3个水平添加13种农药,目标物的平均回收率为75%～120%,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=5）均小于15%。采用该方法测定12份鱼样和18份虾样,在2份虾样中检出嘧菌酯,含量分别为 58.4 μg/kg和38.6 μg/kg。试验结果表明,PS-DVB作为QuEChERS分散固相吸附剂净化效果好、灵敏度高,且价格低廉,适用于水产品中农药多残留的检测。     

QuEChERS/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶中28种农药残留

建立了QuEChERS/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）测定绿茶中28种农药残留的分析方法。样品经1%乙酸乙腈提取,QuEChERS方法净化后进行UPLC-MS/MS测定。采用电喷雾离子源（ESI）,正离子模式扫描,多反应检测（MRM）模式采集,基质匹配工作曲线法定量。结果表明:28种目标化合物在各自浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数（r）为0.990~0.998,检出限（LOD,S/N≥3）为0.08~1.26 μg/kg,定量限（LOQ,S/N≥10）为0.28~4.20 μg/kg;在10、50、80 μg/kg 3个加标水平下平均回收率为72.5%~118.5%,相对标准偏差（n=6）为0.8%~16.3%。该方法简单、快速、重现性好、稳定性高,可满足茶叶中28种农药残留的检测要求。     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测莲子中8种农药残留

目的 建立一种基于QuEChERS前处理与高效液相色谱-串联质谱(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)联用测定莲子中8种农药(多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、精甲霜灵、戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑、肟菌酯、吡虫啉、克百威)残留量的分析方法。方法 样品经乙腈和QuEChERS提取包提取，QuEChERS净化管净化，在HPLC-MS/MS系统的多反应监测模式(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)下进行8种农药的定量和定性分析。结果 8种农药在0.1~250.0 μg/L的范围内呈现良好线性关系，相关系数r2均大于0.998；方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.01~0.09 μg/kg和0.04~0.3 μg/kg；在4个加标水平下(0.3 ug/kg, 0.01、0.10、0.50 mg/kg)，加标回收率为79.1%~97.0%，相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为1.35%~6.44%。结论 本方法的重复性和回收率满足实验要求，适用莲子中部分农药残留的分析检测。     

QuEChERS结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大白菜中10种喹诺酮类药物残留

摘 要: 目的 建立QuEChERS结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大白菜中10种喹诺酮类药物残留的检测方法。方法 大白菜样品经提取,采用QuEChERS净化方法,以诺氟沙星-D5为内标,用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,采用正离子电喷雾,多反应监测模式（multiple reactions monitoring, MRM),内标法定量分析10种喹诺酮类药物残留的含量。结果 10种喹诺酮类在5~100 ng/mL的浓度范围内线性良好,检出限为0.1~0.3 μg/kg,定量限为0.3~1.0 μg/kg,平均回收率为76.0%~107%,相对标准偏差为1.5%~8.1%。 结论 本研究建立的QuEChERS结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大白菜中10种喹诺酮类药物残留的检测方法准确、可靠, 适用于大白菜中喹诺酮类药物残留的检测。     

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定不同动物源性食品中硝基呋喃代谢物残留

采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS),建立了猪肉、猪肝、螃蟹和虾4种不同动物源性食品中同时测定4种硝基呋喃类药物代谢物的检测方法,优化了样品前处理的条件以及UPLC-MS/MS仪器条件,样品经盐酸水解,2-硝基苯甲醛衍生,乙酸乙酯提取,ESI正离子模式扫描,多反应监测(MRM)测定。结果表明:采用本方法在4种动物源性样品基质中4种代谢物浓度在1~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好;4种代谢物的平均回收率为84.6%~118.1%;相对标准偏差RSD为2.9%~8.1%;在4种样品基质中,3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮(AOZ)的检出限为0.1 μg/kg,定量限为0.4 μg/kg,氨基脲(SEM)和5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮(AMOZ)的检出限为0.2 μg/kg,定量限为0.5 μg/kg,1-氨基乙内酰脲(AHD)的检出限为0.5 μg/kg,定量限为1.0 μg/kg,均满足国家标准要求。采用本方法对市场上随机购买的80份动物源性样品和鸡肉中硝基呋喃代谢物质控样进行检测,结果与国家标准方法GB/T 20752-2006测定结果相近,质控样的检测结果在量值范围内。该方法前处理操作简便,较传统方法节省时间和成本,可为硝基呋喃类药物残留检测技术提供理论支撑和参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the