Improved sample added LMMSE receiver based on interference mitigation for HSDPA downlink

In the downlink of wideband code division multiple access （WCDMA） or WCDMA- high speed downlink packet access （HSDPA） system, the frequency reuse factor is equal to 1, which leads to more possible co-channel interference from neighbor cells. In this situation, user equipment（UE） with traditional receiver will suffer from significant performance degradation at the edge of the cell. To solve this problem, a receiver structure considering interference mitigation has been proposed for long term evolution（LTE） of third-generation partnership project （3GPP）. Such receiver makes use of all the interfering cells＇ channel information to perform a linear minimum mean square error （LMMSE） equalization algorithm. In this article, an improved equalization algorithm is presented, which simply adds more samples to perform one equalization operation. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can obtain a considerable performance improvement in frequency selective fading channel, with relative little additional complexity introduced.     

Capacity analysis of based-regular-topologies cognitive wireless mesh networks with power control

Capacity analysis is a fundamental and essential work for evaluating the performance of cognitive wireless mesh network （CWMN） which is considered a promising option for the future network. Power control is an efficient way to avoid interference and improve capacity of wireless mesh networks. In this paper, a quantitative result of the per-node average throughput capacity of CWMN with power control is deduced for the first time, which is much helpful for understanding the limitations of CWMN. Firstly, under the large-scale channel fading model and protocol interference model, a closed-form expression for the maximum channel capacity of each node with power control is presented, under the constraint that the interference tolerated by the primary users （PUs） does not exceed a threshold. And then, with the deduced channel capacity result, the per-node average throughput capacity of CWMN is derived based on two regular topologies, i.e. square topology and triangle topology. The simulation results indicate that the capacity is effectively improved with power control, and affected by topology, tolerated interference threshold, the number of cognitive users （CUs） and primary users （PUs）.     

CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR ITERATIVE DECODING OVER FADING CHANNELS

A method of coherent detection and channel estimation for punctured convolutional coded binary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signals transmitted over a frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channels used for a digital radio broadcasting transmission is presented.Some known symbols are inserted in the encoded data stream to enhance the channel estimation process.The puilot symbols are used to replace the existing parity symbols so no bandwidth expansion is required.An iterative algorithm that uses decoding information as well as the information contained in the known symbols is used to improve the channel parameter estimate.The scheme complexity grows exponentially with the channel estimation filter length,The performance of the system is compared for a normalized fading rate with both perfect coherent detection(Corresponding to a perfect knowledge of the fading process and noise variance)and differential detection of Differential Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (DAPSK).The tradeoff between simplicity of implementation and bit-error-rate performance of different techniques is also compared.     

Coded Modulation Faster-than-Nyquist Transmission with Precoder and Channel Shortening Optimization

Faster-than-Nyquist(FTN)signaling can improve the spectrum efficiency(SE)of the transmission system.In this paper,we propose a coded modulation FTN(CM-FTN)transmission scheme with precoder and channel shortening(CS)optimization to improve bit error rate(BER)performance and reduce the complexity of FTN equalizer.In our proposal,the information rate(IR)or spectral efficiency(SE)is employed and verified as a better performance metric for CM-FTN than the minimum Euclidian distance(MED).The precoder of CM-FTN is optimized for maximizing the IR criterion using the bare-bones particle swarm optimization(BB-PSO)algorithm.Further,a three-carrier CM-FTN system model is used to capture the broadening effect of precoder.Also targeting for the IR maximization,the inter-symbol interference(ISI)length for CS is optimized to reduce the receiver complexity without performance loss.Simulation results demonstrate that our method has a 0.6dB precoding gain compared with the nonprecoding scheme and a maximum of 87.5%of the complexity of FTN equalizer is reduced without BER loss.     

BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION IN DELAY DIVERSITY FOR FREQUENCY SELECTIVE CHANNELS1

Delay diversity is an effective transmit diversity technique to combat adverse effects of fading. Thus far, previous work in delay diversity assumed that perfect estimates of current channel fading conditions are available at the receiver and training symbols are required to estimate the channel from the transmitter to the receiver. However, increasing the number of the antennas increases the required training interval and reduces the available time with in whichdata may be transmitted. Learning the channel coefficients becomes increasingly difficult for the frequency selective channels. In this paper, with the subspace method and the delay character of delay diversity, a channel estimation method is proposed, which does not use training symbols. It addresses the transmit diversity for a frequency selective channel from a single carrier perspective in the form of a simple equivalent flat fading model. Monte Carlo simulations give the performance of channel estimation and the performance comparison of our channel-estimation-based detector with decision feedback equalization, which uses the perfect channel information.     

Improved smoothed LO reconstruction algorithm for ISI sparse channel estimation

In this paper, the problem of inter symbol interference （ISI） sparse channel estimation in wireless communication with the application of compressed sensing is investigated. However, smoothed L0 norm algorithm （SL0） has ＇notched effect＇ due to the negative iterative gradient direction. Moreover, the property of continuous function in SL0 is not steep enough, which results in inaccurate estimations and low convergence. Afterwards, we propose the Lagrange multipliers as well as Newton method to optimize SL0 algorithm in order to obtain a more rapid and efficient signal reconstruction algorithm, improved smoothed L0 （ISL0）. ISI channel estimation will have a direct effect on the performance of ISI equalizer at the receiver. So, we design a pre-filter model which with no considerable loss of optimality and do analyses of the equalization methods of the sparse multi-path channel. Real-time simulation results clearly show that the ISL0 algorithm can estimate the ISI sparse channel much better in both signal noise ratio （SNR） and compression levels. In the same channel conditions, ISL0 algorithm has been greatly improved when compared with the SL0 algorithm and other compressed-sensing algorithms.     

Widely linear RLS constant modulus algorithm for complex-valued noncircular signals

Based on the constant modulus criterion, a new Widely Linear （WL） blind equalizer and a novel widely linear recursive least square constant modulus algorithm are proposed to improve the blind equalization performance for complex-valued noncircular signals. The new algorithm takes advantage of the WL filtering theory by taking full use of second-order statistical information of the complex-valued noncircular signals. Therefore, the weight vector contains the complete second-order information of the real and imaginary parts to decrease the residual inter-symbol interference effectively. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the equali- zation performance for complex-valued noncircular signals compared with traditional blind equalization algorithms.     

Utility analysis and evaluation method study of side channel information

In order to improve the efficiency and success rate of the side channel attack, the utility of side channel information of the attack object must be analyzed and evaluated before the attack implementation. Based on the study of side-channel attack techniques, a method is proposed in this paper to analyze and evaluate the utility of side channel information and the evaluation indexes of comentropy Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） are introduced. On this basis, the side channel information （power and electromagnetic） of a side channel attack experiment board is analyzed and evaluated, and the Data Encryption Standard （DES） cipher algorithm is attacked with the differential power attack method and differential electromagnetic attack method. The attack results show the effectiveness of the analysis and evaluation method proposed in this paper.     

Interference-Cancellation Scheme for Multilayer Cellular Systems

A 5G network must be heterogeneous and support the co-existence of multilayer cells, multiple standards, and multiple application systems. This greatly improves link performance and increases link capacity. A network with co-existing macro and pico cells can alleviate traffic congestion caused by multicast or unicast subscribers, help satisfy huge traffic demands, and further extend converge. In order to practically implement advanced 5G technology, a number of technical problems have to be solved, one of which is inter-cell interference. A method called Almost Blank Subframe(ABS) has been proposed to mitigate interference; however, the reference signal in ABS still causes interference. This paper describes how interference can be cancelled by using the information in the ABS. First, the interference-signal model, which takes into account channel effect, time and frequency error, is presented. Then, an interference-cancellation scheme based on this model is studied. The timing and carrier frequency offset of the interference signal is compensated. Afterwards, the reference signal of the interfering cell is generated locally and the channel response is estimated using channel statistics. Then, the interference signal is reconstructed according to previous estimation of channel, timing, and carrier frequency offset. The interference is mitigated by subtracting the estimated interference signal. Computer simulation shows that this interference-cancellation algorithm significantly improves performance under different channel conditions.     

Virtual channel load-balanced routing algorithm for Torus networks

In order to improve the network performance furthermore,a routing algorithm for 2D-Torus is investigated from the standpoint of load balance for virtual channels.The 2D-Torus network is divided into two virtual networks and each physical channel is split into three virtual channels.A novel virtual channel allocation policy and a routing algorithm are proposed,in which traffic load is distributed to those three virtual channels in a more load-balanced manner by introducing a random parameter.Simulations of the proposed algorithm are developed with a SystemC-based test bench.The results show that compared with the negative first for Torus networks(NF-T) algorithm,the proposed algorithm can achieve better performance in terms of network latency and throughput under different traffic patterns.It also shows that a routing algorithm with load balance for virtual channels can significantly improve the network performance furthermore.     

一种改进的多用户自适应调制信道均衡算法

在多用户自适应调制系统中,由于多用户复用调制星座,各用户之间形成很强的共道干扰,在此情况下使用传统的信道均衡算法将使系统性能恶化。本文提出一种改进的信道均衡算法,该算法的核心是在信道均衡时自适应地采用多用户联合检测,从而提高信道均衡的准确性。仿真结果表明,新算法较传统算法具有大约1dB的增益。     

通用滤波多载波通信系统中干扰抑制均衡算法

作为5G多载波技术强有力的候选对象,通用滤波多载波利用子带滤波技术抑制带外功率泄露,进而降低同步要求和获得更高的频谱效率。本文首先针对通用滤波多载波在慢时变多径信道下的性能进行了分析和研究;其次为消除多径信道所带来的干扰,提出了适用于该多载波系统的信道估计方案,该方案设计了具有重复样式的导频结构进行信道估计,复杂度低;最后针对通用滤波多载波在多径信道下容易遭受符号间干扰的问题,提出了基于干扰消除的Zero-Forcing均衡算法和基于迭代干扰消除的均衡算法,两种算法均能够在消除ISI的基础上进一步地消除ICI和IBI。仿真结果表明,本文提出的信道估计和均衡算法能有效消除通用滤波多载波技术在多径信道下所经受的ISI、ICI和IBI。      

Nonlinear revised error aided feedback equalization in high-speed satellite communication

Aiming to the question of nonlinear interference which is caused by the high order signal modulation of satellite communications, and the question of obvious memory characteristics of the satellite channel, the existing equalization algorithms are difficult to quickly cancel the nonlinear interference and memory interference. This paper proposed a nonlinear revised error aided feedback equalization algorithm. Due to the nonlinear characteristics of amplitude and phase don’t interference with each other, so the amplitude and phase of the received signals are separated in first, then they utilize the feedback equalization to abate memory interference. In addition, the nonlinear interference of satellite channel would degrade the performance of satellite communication, the algorithm utilizes the three-order Volterra module to revise the nonlinear error and it is adapted to renews the parameters of feedback equalization to reduce the nonlinear interference. Our proposed algorithm utilized the nonlinear revised error instead of the nonlinear revised received signal to reduce the computation complexity and improve the nonlinear interference cancelation. In the simulation part, we compare the proposed equalization algorithm with the existing equalization algorithms in three parts of SER, convergence speed and computation complexity. The simulation and analysis results show that our proposed algorithm have better nonlinear interference cancelation and less computational complexity.     

Imrpoving QPSK Transmission in Band-Limited Channels with Interchannel Interference Through Equalization

This paper describes the use of equalization in conjunction with channel filtering to improve QPSK transmission subject to both intersymbol interference (ISI) and interchannel interference (ICI). Performance bounds are computed using the nonclassical Gaussquadrature rule (GQR) method. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain due to linear equalization over nonequalization is thereby obtained and presented. The performance of a linear equalizer thus obtained is compared with the Viterbi algorithm sequence estimator (VASE). In the absence of bounds for the VASE receiver under the channel conditions considered, simulation results are used to make the comparison. With a possible difference in the accuracies of the performance thus obtained it is shown that the VASE provides improved performance over the linear equalizer under the channel conditions considered.     

军用无线电通信的码间干扰抑制算法仿真研究

军用无线电通信对通信质量和码元的保真性要求较高,军用无线电通信信道受到多径向量的影响产生码间干扰,需要进行码间干扰抑制,降低通信误码率。传统的码间干扰抑制方法采用波特间隔信道均衡算法,当通信信道受到电磁扰动的强度较大时,信道均衡性和码间干扰抑制能力不好。提出一种基于时间反转镜技术的军用无线电通信的码间干扰抑制算法,首先构建了军用无线电通信的信道模型,进行军用无线电通信的信道多径特性测量,采用自适应级联滤波器进行干扰滤波,结合时间反转镜技术实现码间干扰抑制算法改进。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行军用无线电通信的码间干扰抑制,能有效提高通信传输的保真率,信道均衡性能较好,提高了通信输出的信噪比,降低通信误码率,提高了通信质量。     

宽带卫星通信信号调制识别及信道均衡技术研究

宽带卫星通信是现代通信系统中不可或缺的一部分。文中介绍了宽带卫星通信中的信号调制识别和信道均衡技术,这些技术可以提高系统的性能和稳定性,从而更好地应对卫星通信中的多路径干扰和时变失真等问题。在实际应用中,需选择合适的技术和算法对不同的信号调制类型进行优化和调整,进一步提高系统的性能和稳定性。文中为宽带卫星通信中的信号调制识别和信道均衡技术提供了参考,并为未来卫星通信系统的发展提供了支持。     

MIMO系统中的非常数模半盲均衡方案

在多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)无线通信中,信道衰落、随机噪声、空间多径效应和共信道干扰等因素会产生符号间干扰,造成接收端信号严重失真。为提高MIMO系统传输性能,有效减少信道中相位失真,提出了一种改进的非常数模半盲均衡方案(Non-constant Modulus Algorithm, NCMA)。该方案结合了MIMO信道先验知识对半盲均衡器的初始值进行预设,采用变步长迭代更新均衡器权系数,寻找到最小目标函数值。仿真结果表明,改进后的算法能通过控制变步长减小剩余稳态误差,加快收敛速度,改善信道均衡效果。     

卫星信道MMSE和LS均衡算法性能比较

针对卫星信道采用OFDM系统模型,结合实际情况,在信道中加入多径干扰和多普勒频偏,为更好地消除子载波间干扰和码间干扰,在解调之后采用均衡算法。文中选用MMSE和LS均衡算法进行研究,得出两种算法均衡性能的差异,并指出了均衡算法的研究方向。     

SC-FDE系统中信道估计和均衡算法的研究和实现

为了克服多径信道下码间串扰带来的影响,本文对SC-FDE系统中的信道估计和均衡算法进行研究。首先分析了DFT插值算法原理,提出采用格雷互补序列估计信道频率响应的方法,然后对MMSE均衡估计参数进行了详细推导,最后通过Matlab对均衡算法中时域滤波进行仿真验证,结果表明该方法能够有效滤除噪声,提升多径信道下系统接收性能,具有一定的应用价值。     

Prefiltered space-time M-BCJR equalizer for frequency-selectivechannels

This paper addresses the problem of soft equalization for space-time-coded transmissions over frequency-selective fading channels. The structure of the space-time code is embedded in the channel impulse response for efficient joint equalization and decoding. The proposed equalization/decoding approach uses a prefilter to concentrate the effective channel power in a small number of taps followed by a reduced-complexity maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) equalizer/decoder to produce soft decisions. The prefilter introduces residual intersymbol interference which degrades the performance of MAP when applied to the trellis of the shortened channel. However, the shape of the overall shortened channel impulse response allows the M-algorithm to approximate the prefiltered MAP performance with a small number of states. Based on this general framework, we investigate several enhancements such as using different prefilters for the forward and backward recursions, concatenating two trellis steps during decoding, and temporal oversampling. The performance is evaluated through simulations over the EDGE typical urban channel