有机光致变色存储材料进展

本文综述了最近二十年来在有机光致变色存储材料方面的进展。     

光致变色防伪油墨的应用及前景

光致变色油墨，又名感光变色油墨、光敏变色油墨、日光变色油墨，是指用光致变色材料加入在连接料中，配其他辅助物质，经过加工处理成为一种适应印刷的胶体。此油墨在室内无色，到室外感应到紫外线后显示颜色。     

掺杂光致变色材料的涂料光致变色性能的研究

提出一种能用太阳光(或紫外光)调节色彩的涂料制备方法.通过光致变色材料、紫外线吸收剂和涂料的协同作用,当太阳光(或紫外光)照射后,漆膜能自动变色,但在无照射时又能恢复原有颜色.此涂料色彩丰富、图案变化多样,让人感觉更舒适.     

光致变色材料及其在光存储中的应用

介绍了光致变色原理及各类无机、有机光致变色材料,并就其在双光子、多波长、超分辨光存储中的应用进行了讨论.     

有机敏感变色功能材料的研究

综述了有机敏感变色材料的基本类型，探讨了材料的各种变色效应光致变色，热致变色，电致变色和压致变色等的内在关联，总结了有机敏感变色材料的基本分子结构类型并讨论了分子结构与敏感变色性质之间的关系。     

磷钼酸/有机硅涂层的光致变色性能研究

以磷钼酸为变色材料,氨基有机硅树脂为成膜物质成功制备了光致变色涂层,该光致变色涂层可用于自动划线新领域。并采用FT-IR、ESR和UV-Vis等测试手段对光致变色涂层进行了表征,研究了该光致变色涂料的光致变色性及其稳定性。测试结果表明,该变色涂料由黄色变为蓝色是因为其在紫外光的照射下,磷钼酸与氨基有机硅树脂中的氨基发生光氧化还原反应生成磷钼蓝所致,且该变色为不可逆变色。     

掺杂光致变色材料的涂料光致变色性能的研究

提出一种能用太阳光（或紫外光）调节色彩的涂料制备方法。通过光致变色材料、紫外线吸收剂和涂料的协同作用，当太阳光（或紫外光）照射后，漆膜能自动变色，但在无照射时又能恢复原有颜色。此涂料色彩丰富、图案变化多样，让人感觉更舒适。     

国外可见光隐身材料的研究现状及最新进展

介绍了国外可见光隐身迷彩涂料和多波段隐身材料的研究现状,分析了热致变色、光致变色和电致变色三种智能变色材料和纳米隐身材料的最新进展.     

造纸助留剂在光致变色防伪纸中的应用研究

目的研究不同造纸助留剂CPAM,APAM,高取代度淀粉和变性淀粉对紫外光致变色防伪纸的物理性能和防伪性能的影响。方法系统研究了4种常用造纸助留剂对光致变色材料在防伪纸中的留着量的影响,评定防伪纸的物理性能和防伪性能,从而确定了不同助留剂在浆料中的最佳用量。结果光致变色防伪纸的抄造特性和防伪性能与纸料体系中所用助留剂的种类和性能密切相关。在一定的光致变色材料体系下,不同助留剂的最佳加入量为变性淀粉的质量分数1.5%,CPAM的质量分数0.005%,APAM的质量分数0.015%,高取代度淀粉的质量分数0.15%。结论在浆料中加入助留剂后,紫外光致变色材料在防伪纸中的留着量显著增加,且加入助留剂的种类不同时,其纸张的相对荧光强度值也不同,从而保证了紫外光致变色纸张的防伪效果。     

壳聚糖/丙烯酰胺光致变色水凝胶的合成及表征

光致变色系统在视觉信息存储,紫外红外光检测等领域应用广泛,但在便携性,响应灵敏度等方面有待提升。本实验以壳聚糖(CS),丙烯酰胺(PAAm)为基体,Fe~(3+)为交联剂,钼酸铵(Mo7)为光致变色介质合成了CS-Fe~(3+)复合水凝胶。实验结果表明,钼酸铵与Fe~(3+)通过配位键引入水凝胶网络中,Fe~(3+)在一定浓度范围内能增强复合水凝胶的光致变色性能,复合水凝胶对紫外光敏感,暴露在紫外光下仅5 min便开始变色。通过控制紫外光照射时间以及水凝胶所处环境温度,可控制水凝胶光致变色程度及褪色速率。在60℃经过75 min CS-Fe■水凝胶即可完全褪色并重复使用。光照时在水凝胶表面覆盖刻有不同图案的掩模,可在水凝胶上记录不同的信息,赋予水凝胶光学存储性能。将光致变色材料引入水凝胶中不仅使光致变色材料实现便携化,同时水凝胶还具有极佳的光学敏感性,能更好地应用于紫外光检测和视觉信息存储中。     

光致变色聚合物的光学性能与应用

综述了光致变色聚合物的光学性能及应用的近期研究进展，首先，介绍了光诱导双折射及双色现象形成机理及实验方法，并讨论了分子结构与外部条件对上述现象的影响。其次，介绍了光致变色聚合开关线性光学性能和应用。如由光助极化和全光极化形成的光开关现象将有可能引起数字存储或光-光开关等新装置的出现，最后，简单说明了光诱导表面光栅在近几年的研究情况，并分析了它们在全息图像存贮，光学过滤器及共振电偶中的潜在应用。     

具有离子识别能力的新型有机光致变色材料

有机光致变色材料是在特定波长的光照射下,生成同分异构体,同时在另一波长光照射或加热的条件下,该异构体可发生逆反应并伴随着明显的光物理化学性能变化的有机材料。将超分子化学的分子识别和光致变色相结合,可以实现客体操控材料的光致变色性能。基于其特殊的光切换性质,人们已开发出多种多响应、多功能材料并将其广泛应用于分子开关、分子逻辑门、分子机器、化学传感、生物成像等诸多领域。其中,具有离子识别能力的光致变色化合物因其易操作和廉价而成为最理想的该类材料之一。该类化合物不仅光致变色性质可以被离子所调节,同时也可以作为特异检测离子的新型光控探针。着重介绍近几年具有离子识别能力的光致变色材料的研究进展。最后结合现阶段的研究情况,对其前景和应用进行了展望。     

LED switching of spiropyran-doped polymer films

Spiropyrans are a well-known family of photochromic compounds that switch from uncoloured to highly coloured upon exposure to UV light with potential applications such as optical switches and memory storage devices. Typically the light sources used for controlling the state of the spiropyran are high power sources such as mercury lamps and lasers. Here we report the use of low power light emitting diodes (LEDs) to actuate the colour change in spiropyran-doped polymer films. The use of LEDs as an effective means of switching the dye expands the possible applications of these types of photochromic materials.     

二芳基乙烯光致变色配合物的研究进展

二芳基乙烯化合物是最有可能实用化的有机光致变色化合物.结合自己的研究方向,从溶液相和晶体相2个方面评述了二芳基乙烯配合物在光致变色性能、无损读取、分子识别/捕获等方面的研究进展.研究表明,在大多数情况下,金属离子参与配位不会阻止配合物的光致变色反应.通过金属离子与二芳基乙烯配体的合理自组装,可以调控配合物的光物理和光化学性质.     

On‐Demand Control of the Photochromic Properties of Naphthopyrans

Photofunctional compounds have emerged as critically important materials for both fundamental studies and industrial applications. Control of the thermal decoloration speed to within several seconds while sustaining satisfactory photochromic colorability is an important challenge for the application of such materials to photochromic lenses and smart windows. Photochromic naphthopyran derivatives are utilized for photochromic lenses because of their high durability and easily controllable colorability. However, the residual color imparted by the long‐lived transient species upon ceasing light irradiation remains a hindrance to practical applications. In this study, a strategy is demonstrated for on‐demand control of the thermal decoloration speed of the transient colored species of naphthopyran derivatives. The increase in the ring‐size of the alkylenedioxy moiety on the naphthopyrans accelerates the thermal back‐reaction independently of the maximum‐absorption wavelength of the colored isomer, leading to the realization of yellow‐, red‐, and blue‐photochromic naphthopyrans with similar thermal fading speeds. This novel molecular design provides a strategy for the future development of advanced photoresponsive materials.     

非线性光学有机聚合物材料研究进展

非线性光学有机聚合物材料在光通信、高密度光存储、及全光信息处理等高技术领域中的应用前景已引起广泛关注。在简要介绍非线性光学效应的基础上,主要论述了有机聚合物非线性光学材料的研究发展及其应用。同时,根据实用化器件对材料的要求及目前存在的主要问题提出解决方案。     

Photoprogrammable Mesogenic Soft Helical Architectures: A Promising Avenue toward Future Chiro-Optics

Mesogenic soft materials, having single or multiple mesogen moieties per molecule, commonly exhibit typical self-organization characteristics, which promotes the formation of elegant helical superstructures or supramolecular assemblies in chiral environments. Such helical superstructures play key roles in the propagation of circularly polarized light and display optical properties with prominent handedness, that is, chiro-optical properties. The leveraging of light to program the chiro-optical properties of such mesogenic helical soft materials by homogeneously dispersing photosensitive chiral material into an achiral soft system or covalently connecting photochromic moieties to the molecules has attracted considerable attention in terms of materials, properties, and potential applications and has been a thriving topic in both fundamental science and application engineering. State-of-the-art technologies are described in terms of the material design, synthesis, properties, and modulation of photoprogrammable chiro-optical mesogenic soft helical architectures. Additionally, the scientific issues and technical problems that hinder further development of these materials for use in various fields are outlined and discussed. Such photoprogrammable mesogenic soft helical materials are competitive candidates for use in stimulus-controllable chiro-optical devices with high optical efficiency, stable optical properties, and easy miniaturization, facilitating the future integration and systemization of chiro-optical chips in photonics, photochemistry, biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, and beyond.     

Optical Properties of Functional Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites

Functional hybrids are nanocomposite materials lying at the interface of organic and inorganic realms, whose high versatility offers a wide range of possibilities to elaborate tailor‐made materials in terms of chemical and physical properties. Because they present several advantages for designing materials for optical applications (versatile and relatively facile chemistry, easy shaping and patterning, materials having good mechanical integrity and excellent optical quality), numerous silica or/and siloxane based hybrid organic–inorganic materials have been developed in the past few years. The most striking examples of functional hybrids exhibiting emission properties (solid‐state dye lasers, rare‐earth doped hybrids, electroluminescent devices), absorption properties (photochromic), nonlinear optical (NLO) properties (second‐order NLO properties, photochemical hole burning (PHB), photorefractivity), and sensing are summarized in this review.     

溶胶-凝胶技术制备光化学杂化材料

溶胶 -凝胶技术是制备有机 -无机杂化材料的重要手段 ,在光致变色、光纤传感和发光等光化学杂化材料制备方面应用前景广阔。提高光致变色染料的稳定性、制备溶胶 -凝胶光纤及降低杂化材料羟基含量是目前的研究重点。     

光学功能纤维的现状及其发展趋势

随着先进复合材料技术的发展,纤维功能化的发展成为现代纤维发展的重要方向.介绍了功能纤维的特殊功能及其分类,着重介绍了光吸收型、光屏蔽型、光致变色型、光传输型等几种典型的光学功能纤维的研究现状及其应用情况,分析了该材料的国内外研究现状,并阐述了光学功能纤维材料复合化、功能复合化及功能与性能统一的发展趋势.