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低碳时代的中国城市能源规划 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
气候变化要求全世界的石油、煤、天然气和可再生能源按占一次能源比率的排序逆转。中国一次能源中煤的比重也需从70%逐步降到30%,且需采用CCS技术。这使得城市从一次能源到终端利用的路线图发生了重大变化:煤退出工业燃料领域,主要用于气化多联产和发电;采用以集约化为主导的、9种不同类型的冷热电联供技术的天然气分布式能源系统(DES/CCHP)将成为城市工业和商住的主要能源。这就要求科研人员应基于中国国情,在系统规划和运营机制两方面集成创新,同时相应的城市能源规划必须细化,与工业、交通、主功能区块布局的时空规划无缝衔接配合,量化反映城市发展规划是否符合国家下达的能源强度ε和碳强度κ指标。 相似文献
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责任规划师是近年来我国出现的推动城市精细化治理的重要力量,在补充基层规划力量、满足居民自下而上的诉求、推动社区营造和治理等方面起到了重要作用。当前的责任规划师工作主要分为两种模式,一种是以北京为代表的“片区管理型”责任规划师,另一种是以上海、成都和北京部分地区为代表的“社区治理型”责任规划师。文章通过分析两种模式在工作单元、工作内容、力量来源等方面的特点,进一步剖析其发展条件和发展制约,并提出完善责任规划师工作模式的建议,以期对未来持续创新责任规划师应用模式、完善责任规划师政策体系有所启发。 相似文献
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基于文化规划与城市规划之间相互借鉴与补充的关系,可从规划理念、目标体系、决策程序、规划内容、规划方法与法律地位等方面促进二者互融,把文化规划引入城市规划。文化规划是具有一定独立性的综合性、层级性、适时性、倡导性、代言性和联络性的专项规划,服从于我国现行的城市规划体系,是具有政策性和法规性的规划成果,可划分为区域(宏观)文化规划、城市(中观)文化规划、社区(微观)文化规划三个层级。其中,区域(宏观)文化规划强调理论性、政策性、引导性,突出政府在文化规划中的作用,一般采取自上而下的规划编制模式,内容具有综合性和战略性特点;城市(中观)文化规划的编制强调城市文化管理和发展能力建设;社区(微观)文化规划的编制强调文化活动和文化发展自主性,一般采取自下而上的编制模式,鼓励社区居民参与社区文化活动和文化建设,可被视为一种聚焦于社区文化资源、文化需求和发展机会的公众化过程。 相似文献
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吴祖宜 《建筑科学与工程学报》1991,(4)
能源是社会存在和发展的重要物质基础,是城市规划的依据和主要组成部分.本文从分析县城能源现状与特点出发,并根据能源资源情况,就县城能源规划的内容、步骤和方法进行了初步探讨,旨在寻求一条可解决能源供需矛盾的有效途径. 相似文献
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复合多元互动的观光农业园区规划新方法初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对国内观光农业园区规划的相关研究进展进行系统研究,阐明观光农业内涵和地域特征,对比分析了目前国内农业园区规划的几种思路和方法,并指出其方法上的局限性。结合观光农业园区规划的实践探索与经验总结,构建出具有复合多元互动特点的规划新方法。 相似文献
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社区基本公共服务设施布局规划是推进新型社区建设和基本公共服务均等化的一个重要课题。文章以《常州市主城区社区基本公共服务设施布局规划》为例,在对现状分析的基础上,对规划的主要内容和创新特色进行了梳理,力图通过新一轮规划布局,逐步推行"一居一楼"的基层社区中心模式,打造重点民生工程,满足居民的各类需求。 相似文献
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反思我国现阶段城中村改造产生利益问题的规划原因,提出"社区发展"是规划转型方向的理论观点,即城中村改造规划应从规划内容、过程和保障等三个方面融入"社区发展"。在此基础上,借鉴相关研究成果,尝试提出构建基于社区发展的城中村改造规划策略。以钦州市上沙村改造规划为例,探索一种从单纯物质更新转向社区发展的改造模式,以期实现城中村的全面发展。 相似文献
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建设资源节约型社会,是我国家实现可持续发展的战略决策。目前,我国建筑能耗占全国总能耗的1/4,且逐年在增加,全面的建筑节能迫在眉睫。因此,规划设计是建筑节能中最重要的一步。 相似文献
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Damian Pitt 《Journal of the American Planning Association. American Planning Association》2013,79(4):280-294
Problem, research strategy, and findings: A growing number of small to mid-sized cities are implementing initiatives to promote energy conservation, efficiency, and renewable energy use in their communities. We need to better understand how these cities have approached this issue and the processes by which they adopt clean energy initiatives. We surveyed representatives of small to mid-sized cities to identify the types of clean energy initiatives they have adopted, the processes by which they were developed, and the obstacles encountered along the way. We also conducted 10 in-depth interviews with representatives of targeted high- and low-adopter cities. While many of the cities are aggressively pursuing clean energy opportunities in their municipal operations, far fewer are taking action to promote clean energy community wide. The high-adopter cities that have developed community-wide clean energy initiatives often did so using a variety of community engagement and stakeholder outreach methods.Takeaway for practice: Local officials who wish to promote clean energy use should start with energy efficiency and renewable energy investments for municipal facilities. Subsequent community-wide clean energy programs should focus initially on incentives for local residents and businesses, and should be framed in a way that emphasizes both environmental and nonenvironmental benefits. These initiatives should be developed through collaborative planning strategies, which can help educate residents about the benefits of clean energy initiatives, create dialogue with stakeholders who would be affected by these new initiatives, and introduce valuable outside expertise to the planning process. 相似文献
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Clinton J. Andrews AICP 《Journal of the American Planning Association. American Planning Association》2013,79(2):231-254
Problem: Emerging energy technologies are bringing planners a new set of issues. The supply-oriented framework from engineering economics within which energy planning has traditionally been conducted may be useful for siting large refineries, power plants, and transmission corridors, but it is not helpful for mitigating conflicts at the site level, encouraging new technology adoptions, managing the demand for energy, or, especially, coordinating the diverse users of smaller, local energy facilities. Purpose: I provide an alternative conceptual framework for thinking about emerging energy planning tasks. I highlight factors not considered in the traditional model, and introduce terminology for characterizing key characteristics of the changing energy economy. Methods: I draw on concepts from industrial ecology, urban metabolism, and ecological economics, and apply my new framework to a set of examples illustrating its advantages relative to the traditional approach to energy planning. Results and conclusions: I propose that planners use network models to think about energy systems and focus especially on nodes where energy is converted from one form to another. Understanding the scale, scope, commodification, and agency of such nodes, and whether and when these attributes are open to change, can improve energy planning decisions for traditional energy investments such as power plants and for energy initiatives such as wind farms, rooftop solar systems, energy-efficient buildings, cogeneration, compact growth, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Takeaway for practice: Planners should do more than just mitigate energy facility siting conflicts. They should also identify points of governmental leverage on private decision makers, keep track of evolving technologies, bundle energy users with different temporal demand profiles, and help build smarter energy networks. Focusing on energy networks and their nodes should help planners see how they can be most effective. Research support: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation and the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities. 相似文献
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探讨了在城市尺度上可再生能源利用规划编制的技术方法,介绍了如何从资源评估、设施布局及系统管理三个方面着手编制具有实施性的可再生能源利用规划,为今后进一步加强和深化城市可再生能源利用规划工作做了初步探索。结合北京延庆县的实际案例,对可再生能源利用专项规划的定位、内容和主要技术流程进行了研究和论述。 相似文献
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文章阐述了建筑耗能的现状及建筑节能的必要性,从建筑设计的角度探讨了整体规划和单体建筑设计中的节能设计,并从体形系数等方面论述了节能的一些措施. 相似文献
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随着人类文明的不断进步,城市迅速发展。越是发达的城市,其人口密集程度越高、工商业发展越快。现代发达的城市往往对能源的消费量更大、依赖性更强。现在各个国家的能源消耗问题与环境污染越来越严重,节能减排等相关问题开始引起人们的强烈关注。尤其是在城市规划中加入低碳理念是当前我们必须重视的问题之一,我们在城市规划过程中也开始向节能方向发展。坚持低碳理念,走可持续发展道路已成为城市发展的必然选择。文章注重探讨城市低碳理念的基本概念和主要内容,分析我国建设低碳理念城市所面临的一些具体问题,有针对的提出低碳理念的城市发展解决建议。 相似文献