Correction to: 6G and the UN SDGs: Where is the Connection?

Wireless Personal Communications - With the evolution of smart grid system (SGS), many issues associated with traditional grid network, i.e., power system security, monitoring and control, energy...     

Metal-Semiconductor Heterostructures for Photoredox Catalysis: Where Are We Now and Where Do We Go?

The ability of metal nanocrystals (NCs) to maneuver light, trap charge carriers, and enrich reactive sites for photoredox reactions has received considerable attention for constructing metal-semiconductor heterostructures (MSHs) toward solar-to-chemical production. In this review, the comprehensive and fundamental understanding of the structure-property-catalysis interplays of MSHs is mainly described. The fundamentals, including basic concepts, and critical insights of MSH-mediated photoredox catalysis, are first demonstrated. Particular focus is placed on the state-of-the-art technological advances in monitoring the key photophysical/photochemical processes associated with MSH-mediated photoredox catalysis, followed by highlighting the design parameters for high-performance MSHs. Then, the applications of MSHs for solar energy conversion, especially for some emerging reaction types are discussed. This review is concluded by casting a perspective on the challenges as well as the opportunities for further promoting this burgeoning field.     

Dynamic Spectrum Access is the Solution: What’s the Problem?

Dynamic access to spectrum evolved as a concept from an observation that much spectrum was under-utilized. Over time the access rules for this spectrum have changed to geo-location and it has become clear that the spectrum is often subject to interference. This has changed the thinking about the applications most likely to emerge away from classic unlicensed uses such as device-to-device and home networks and towards wide-area machine-to-machine networks and rural broadband. Such applications would prefer somewhat certain access to spectrum so further enhancements to access rules to prioritise certain users should be considered.     

Transparency-by-design: What is the role of open data portals?

Transparency in the public sector is one of the most important topics of the current debates on accountable, participatory, and responsive governance. An open government addresses these major topics and aims to encourage the relationships and flows of information between involved stakeholders. This article explores the role of open data portals in supporting these efforts and provides findings regarding the features in the design of these data infrastructures. On the basis of evidence from the concept of transparency-by-design, we argue that transparency is facilitated by open data portals and their features enabling to work with datasets. We therefore propose the list of the categories and corresponding features of open data portals that should constitute the checklist of the portal aiming to achieve the highest level of transparency. The mapping of existing features found in literature to the phases of the transparency cycle demonstrates that open data portals meet the transparency requirements.     

Quality improvement: what is in it for the patient?

The improvement of health care service has a great effect on patient satisfaction. During the service delivery, the health care organization attempts to answer the reasonable expectations of patients. The expectations relate to many service dimensions, among them the phone system, appointment availability and waiting times. The research questions of this study are: can the implementation of quality initiatives improve patient satisfaction with the phone system, appointment availability and waiting times and do patients from diverse cultural backgrounds exhibit different levels of satisfaction? The study was undertaken in a public clinic, with a culturally diverse clientele, including 194 patients. The authors use a combination of the longitudinal and cross-sectional research design to test the propositional model. The findings show that the implementation of the quality initiative significantly improved patient satisfaction with the appointment availability and waiting time. On the other hand, the implementation of the quality initiative did not improve patient satisfaction with the phone system. Some culturally diverse patients exhibited different levels of expectations of the care provider and quality in terms of patient satisfaction with the appointment availability     

HSDPA is the inevitable choice of 3G development in the future

If WCDMA is stepping into mature period as the gradual progress of GSM, then HSDPA is becoming the focus as the gradual progress of WCDMA to which industry is paying close attention. HSDPA is a mobile broadband solution based on WCDMA. Just add the corre     

Connection Admission Control in ATM Networks Based on the Foreground and Background Neural Networks

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6G:继续体系结构的变革

6G将是5G无线移动通信体系结构变革的延续与深化。以增强宽带与万物互联为应用驱动的网络,必然会从陆地蜂窝移动通信网向全域接入的无线通信网发展。5G开始了移动通信体系结构的变革,但还无法满足未来需求,因此它仅是变革的开端,需要不断改进。在全域接入的无线通信网中,有诸多全域接入架构技术需要6G去探索。     

Autonomic Multimedia Communications: Where Are We Now?

Internet protocol-based multimedia applications are gaining momentum thanks to the great proliferation of the Internet and mass deployment of broadband. The abundance of rich content, heterogeneity of networks, user terminals, and services, along with the surges of multimedia traffic, have convoluted ever-increasing complexity and costs in the operation and management of multimedia systems. Autonomic communications (AutoComm) promotes the autonomy of communication networks with minimum human administration. In a multimedia system that features AutoComm, the networks and their elements strive to realize efficiency, immunity, resilience, and evolvability through intrinsic self-governance. By encapsulating complexity within the networks, exploiting their intelligence, and using technology to manage technology, human administrative efforts can be greatly reduced while management efficiency can be maximized. In this paper, we want to illustrate how traditional way of management and control of multimedia networks can be gradually replaced by network autonomy and self-management. Related work is extensively reviewed and compared to our approach. Initial experiment results are presented as proof of concept.     

5G还未收回成本发展6G是否操之过急?

关于6G的研究,业界一直存在着两种对立的观点:一种观点认为启动6G研究要趁早,另一种观点认为5G尚未收回成本便研究6G是操之过急.这意味着移动通信行业又走到了"十字路口".在"第二届全球6G技术大会"上,中国电信技术创新中心副主任杨峰义就提出了对6G发展的冷思考,引发业界热议.     

Solar based large scale power plants: what is the best option?

There are very few published data comparing performance and cost of thermal and photovoltaic (PV) based solar power generations. With recent intense technology and business developments there is a need to establish a comparison between these two solar energy options. We have developed a simple model to compare electricity cost using these two options without any additional fuel source of hybridization. Capital along with operation and maintenance (O&M) costs and other parameters from existing large scale solar farms are used to reflect actual project costs. To compete with traditional sources of power generation, solar technologies need to provide dispatchable electric power to respond to demand during peak hours. Different solutions for energy storage are available. In spite of their high capital cost, adding energy storage is considered a better long term solution than hybrid solar systems for large scale power plants. For this reason, a comparison between the two solar options is also provided that include energy storage. Although electricity storage is more expensive than thermal storage, PV power remains a competitive option. Expenses related to O&M in solar thermal plant are about ten times higher than PV, an important factor resulting in higher energy cost. Based on data from proven commercial technologies, this study showed that PV holds a slight advantage even when energy storage is included. Copyright © 2010 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

征文通知:6G通感算融合

随着边缘计算、无线感知、人工智能等新兴技术为代表的信息技术的快速迭代,下一代移动通信技术(6G)将实现从服务于人、人与物、到支撑智能体高效联接的跃迁。为了自适应满足无人驾驶、无人机应急通信、沉浸式拓展现实、工业互联网等各类智能应用对巨容量、极低时延、极高精度、极高能效、极高算力等极致性能需求,6G需要将通信、感知、计算(通感算)进行交叉融合,以实现三者间的互惠增强。     

High-Speed Downlink Access in 3G Systems: A Portent for the Evolution of 4G Systems?

Due to the need of operators to protect the high levels of investment inthird generation (3G) wireless systems, it seems likely that the path tofourth generation (4G) wireless systems will be evolutionary rather thanrevolutionary. Currently there are a number of proposals beforestandardisation bodies such as 3GPP and 3GPP2 for extending the relevant3G systems to handle asymmetrical, packet-orientatedservices with very high downlink capacities. These proposals, whichinclude HDR and 1XTREME, may pave the way towards 4G systems.This paper outlines some of the salient features of HDR and 1XTREME:adaptive modulation, advanced hybrid ARQ, new fast access controlschemes, etc. On the basis of the trends inherent in theseproposals, some possible directions for the development of 4G systems arediscussed.     

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and vitiligo: where does the illness begin?

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a disorder affecting melanocytes of the skin, ocular, auditory and central nervous system. The pathogenesis is thought to be related to an aberrant T cell-mediated immune response directed against self-antigens present in melanocytes. Vitiligo is characterized by leukoderma arising at any age but usually before 30 years of age. The pathogenesis of vitiligo still remains puzzling; many hypotheses have been proposed, such as autoimmune, genetic, autocytotoxic, neural and each may contribute having its own important pathogenetic role. The expressions of the most representative melanocytic markers as HMB-45, tyrosinase, S-100 protein were investigated on the lesional, perilesional and healthy skin of a patient affected by VKH and his young daughter with vitiligo. An electronmicroscopy (EM) study was performed on the same clinical specimens. Immunohistochemical data for melanocytic cells using HMB-45 and tyrosinase were negative in the VKH patient, while the expression of both HMB-45 and tyrosinase was detected in the perilesional and lesional skin of the vitiligo patient. By EM, it was possible to show many Langerhans cells (LC) in many differentiative phases, most of which with irregular cristae or matrix swelling in both the ultraviolet (UV)-exposed and non-UV-exposed skin of VKH lesions. In both vitiligo and VKH lesions, there is a disappearance of melanocytes and an alteration of LC distribution and mitochondrial morphology which may impair the antigen-presenting functions. The vitiligo lesions in the patient's young daughter question the VKH inheritability.     

Future Scenarios: What are the Future Services and Applications?

With the change of paradigm within user-machine interaction, there is an increasing demand for seamless interoperability between different technologies as well as more intuitive ways of utilizing the applications on the devices. This implies that the underlying technologies must support the appropriate bandwidth, mobility and quality at the right cost in order for the end-user to perceive the infrastructure appropriate for the services and corresponding applications of the future. In addition, it is required that interoperability will be realized at the semantic level and not just the syntactical level. The purpose of the paper is to present the authors’ thoughts of a new Information and Communication Technology paradigm and to highlight what might have an impact on the realization/deployment of such a paradigm.