Oxidizing Capability of Refining Slags Containing BaO

According to the coexistence theory of slag structure melts, the oxidizing capability of the refining slag CaO-MgO-FeO- A12O3SiO2 is studied and the relationship between the mass action concentration of FeO (NFeO) and the activity of FetO (αFetO) for this slag is found to be as NFeo=0.656 1 αFetO. Furthermore, the calculating model of oxidizing capability of the refining slag BaO-CaO-MgO- FeOA12O3-SiO2 is established. A satisfactory result is obtained when using the above oxidizing capability relationship to calculate the desulphurizing capability of such refining BaO-slags.     

含BaO,Na2O渣系渣钢间硫平衡研究

在钼丝炉上进行了含BaO,Na2O精炼渣系渣钢间流平衡实验。研究 结果表明,在传统精炼渣系中加入BaO,能够提高渣系的硫容量,Na2O对渣系的硫容量也有很大的影响,但稳定性不好。     

Thermodynamic Behavior of Manganese and Phosphorus between Liquid Iron and CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-FetO-MnO-P2O5 Slags

The thermodynamic behavior of manganese and phosphorus between liquid iron and CaO-MgO-SiO2-A12O3-Fe,O- MnO-P2O5 ladle slag system was addressed by investigating the thermodynamic equilibria between liquid iron containing Mn and P and the ladle slag at 1 873 K. The Mn distribution ratio Lmn increases with increasing FetO content and decreasing the basicity (%CaO + %MgO)/ (%SiO2 + %Al2O3 + %P2O5) in slag, while the P distribution ratio Lp seems to be increased as FetO content and the basicity increases. The values of LM, and Lmn decrease by the addition of A12O3 into slag. The expression of the dependence of Lmn. and Lp on the basicity and FetO content in slag was obtained.     

FeO—Fe2O3-SiO2渣系的作用浓度模型及其应用

基于炉渣结构共存理论,建立了FeO—Fe2O3-SiO2三元渣系的作用浓度模型,计算了1350℃时的作用浓度NFeO和NSiO2,考察了碱度B对它们的影响,并基于该作用浓度模型对铜闪速熔炼过程进行了多相平衡计算．结果表明,理论计算值NFeO、NSiO2与文献实测值αFeO、αSiO2吻合较好,说明作用浓度模型能较好的反映该渣系的结构本质;与采用经验公式计算的活度系数相比,基于作用浓度模型计算的活度系数,铜闪速熔炼多相平衡模拟结果更接近生产实践,表明将炉渣结构共存理论应用于铜闪速熔炼过程热力学研究是可行的．     

高炉渣脱硫诸因素关系解析

硫是生铁中的有害元素,脱硫是高炉炼铁过程中的一项重要任务,利用计算机进行众多生产数据的回归分析运算,解析了影响高炉脱硫诸因素之间的相关关系,对高炉操作具有实现的指导意义。     

喷粉处理对铁水的净化效果

利用自行研制的喷粉装置，进行了喷粉处理对铁水脱硫，脱氧净化效果的试验研究。结果表明，喷粉处理具有突出的净化作用，在脱硫的同时，使氧含量显著降低。这对球铁生产是极为有利的；经喷粉处理，活性ＣａＯ的脱硫率ＣａＣ２的脱硫率相近，使得ＣａＯ取代ＣａＣ２成为可能；同时喷粉处理使硫趋于均匀分布，降低硫偏析。     

转炉炼钢渣中Cu_2O与NiO的还原实验研究

结合某钢厂顶底复吹转炉冶炼含有铜、镍等成分耐候钢的生产过程,在实验室对铁碳熔体和纯铁液还原炼钢渣中铜、镍等氧化物进行研究。结果表明,在初始条件相同的情况下,1 300℃下铁碳熔体分别还原渣中Cu2O和NiO时,Cu2O比NiO更易还原,还原速度更快。1 600℃时在实验研究的碱度范围内,含有25%FeO的转炉终点渣中Cu2O、NiO能被纯铁液在10~20 min内还原完毕,尤其前10 min内w[Cu]、w[Ni]增长迅速。在相同碱度下,渣中Cu2O、NiO同时还原的速率基本相同;随着渣碱度的增大,Cu2O、NiO还原的速率及终还原率均有所降低。     

Mg-Al,Sr-Al和Ba-Al熔体的作用浓度计算模型和热力学参数确定

根据相图、质量作用定律和金属熔体结构的共存理论制定了Mg-Al,Sr-Al和Ba-Al熔体的作用浓度计算模型并求得了相关的热力学参数,计算结果符合实际,证明所制定的模型和确定的热力学参数可以反映相应熔体的结构特点,但将相应文献的热力学参数代入同样熔体则未取得符合实际的结果,原因可能与文献中的热力学参数不符合液态下金属熔体内部化学反应的实际有关。     

A new model for evaluating the electrical conductivity of nonferrous slag

Electrical conductivity of molten slag is an important physicochemical property for designing the refining process in electric smelting furnaces.Though conductivities of many slag systems have been measured,the quantitative relationships of conductivity with slag composition and temperature are still very limited.In this article,the Arrhenius law was used to describe the experimental data of conductivities for CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2,CaO-Al2O3-SiO2,CaO-MnO-Al2O3-SiO2,as well as CaO-MgO-MnO-Al2O3-SiO2 systems,and...     

新型LF深脱硫精炼渣脱硫的实验研究

对在原渣系中加入不同质量分数的BaO、Li2O、B2O3和CaF2形成的新渣系,通过正交实验法进行脱硫实验分析。结果表明,对新渣系脱硫率影响从大到小依次是B2O3、Li2O、CaF2、BaO,加入添加剂之后的新渣系脱硫率都在80%以上;添加剂含量为w（BaO）=4%～6%、w（Li2O）=7%～10%、w（B2O3）=3%～4%和w（CaF2）≤3%时,渣系的脱硫效果最佳,实验室条件下能将钢中硫降至0.002%以内。     

Calculating models of mass action concentrations for NaBr（aq）, LiNO3（aq）, HNO3（aq）, and KF（aq） binary solutions

The calculating models of mass action concentrations for electrolyte aqueous solutions NaBr-H2O, LiNO3-H2O, HNO3-H2O, and KF-H2O have been developed at 298.15 K and their molalities ranging from 0.1 mol/kg to saturation according to the ion and molecule coexistence theory as well as mass action law. The calculated mass action concentration is based on pure species as the standard state and the mole fraction as the concentration unit, and the reported activities are usually based on infinite dilution as the standard state and molality as the concentration unit. Hence, the calculated mass action concentration must be transformed to the same standard state and concentration unit. The transformation coefficients between calculated mass action concentrations and reported ac- tivities of the same component fluctuate in a very narrow range. Thus, the transformed mass action concentrations not only agree well with reported activities, but also strictly obey mass action law. The calculated results show that the new developed models can embody the intrinsic structure of investigated four electrolyte aqueous solutions. The results also indicate that mass action law has its wide- spread applicability to electrolyte binary aqueous solutions.     

渣-铁反应脱硫动力学研究

研究用CaO(W(CaO)=90%) CaF2(w(CaF2)=5%) CaCl2(w(CaCl2)=5%）渣对铁水脱硫过程的动力学,理论分析判断和实验证实,该过程的速率控制步骤为硫在铁液中的传质,说明加强和改善搅拌,是提高脱硫效率的重要措施。     

Carbon Solubility and Mass Action Concentrations of Fe-Cr-C Melts

An empirical equation of carbon solubility in Fe-Cr-C melts is regressed based on the experimental data from references. Acalculating model of mass action concentrations for these melts is formulated on the basis of the coexistence theory of metaIlic melts in-volving compound formation, the phase diagram of Cr-C system as well as thermodynamic data of Fe-Cr-C melts. According to the mod-el, the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of CrC and Cr3C2 are obtained. Satisfactory agreement between the calculated and me-asured values shows that the model can reflect the structural characteristics of Fe-Cr-C melts.     

Application of annexation principle to the study of thermodynamic properties of Ag-Bi-In metallic melts

Based on the measured activities, the phase diagrams and the annexation principle, the calculating models of mass action concentrations for Ag-Bi and Ag-Bi-In melts have been formulated. The calculated results agree with practice and obey the mass action law, showing that the models formulated can reflect the structural characteristics of both melts. Meanwhile, it confirms that annexation principle is applicable to the Ag-Bi-In metallic melts. The melts involving eulectic which give rise to phase separation, and in which activities exhibit positive deviation from Raoult's law is the basic cause of melts transforming from homogeneous to heterogeneous ones.     

Application of the annexation principle to the thermodynamic property study of ternary metallic melts In—Bi—Cu and In—Sb—Cu

Based on the phase diagrams,measured activities and the annexation principle,calculating models of mass action concentrations for In-Bi-Cu and In-Sb-Cu melts have been formulated.Calculated results not only agree well with practical values,but also obey the mass action law,showing that the deduced model can reflect the structural reality of given melts and that the annexation principle is applicable to these two ternary metallic melts.So long as there is one from three binary systems constituting the ternary melts,in which the activities of one component exhibit positive deviation relative to Raoultian behavior,heterogeous melts inevitably would form,soheterogeneous calculating model should be used to calculate their mass action concentrations.On the contrary,if all the binary melts are homogeneous and their activities exhibit negative deviation with respect to the Raoult‘s law.then the ternary melts formed from them will certainly be homogeneous,hence single phase model should be applied.     

Thermodynamic properties and mixing thermodynamic parameters of two-phase metallic melts

Based on the calculating model of metallic melts involving eutectic, the calculating equations of mixing thermodynamic parameters for two phase metallic melts have been formulated in the light of those equations of homogeneous solutions. Irrespective as to whether the activity deviation relative to Raoultian behavior is positive or negative, or the deviation is symmetrical or unsymmetrical, the evaluated results not only agree well with experimental values, but also strictly obey the mass action law. This testifies that these equations can authentically reflect the structural reality and mixing thermodynamic characteristics of two-phase metallic melts. The calculating equations of mixing thermodynamic parameters for the model of two phase metallic melts offer two practical criteria (activity and mixing thermodynamic parameters) and one theoretical criterion (the mass action law).     

Effect Of components on desulfurization of an Al2O3-CaO base pre-molten slag containing SrO

The desulfurization experiment of an Al2O3-CaO base pre-molten refining slag containing SrO was carried out. Experimental samples were made from industrial materials. In order to predict the slag‘s desulfurization ability, sulphur capacity was calculated by means of optical basicity, and there is consistency between calculated results and experimental data. A mathematical model between components and sulphur partition ratio was established with the experimental data. Based on the regression equation, the effects of single and interactive components on sulphur partition ratio were discussed. The results show that the sulphur capacity and distribution ratio decrease with the increment of Al2O3/CaO. SrO and MgO can increase the sulphur partition ratio. The best content of SrO in the slag should not be more than 10%, and the MgO content should be about 8%. The effect of CaF2 on sulphur partition ratio is not obvious, therefore the addition should be limited for environmental protection.     

反应罐直接还原铁脱硫的研究

对反应罐煤基直接还原铁进行了脱硫实验研究.研究了脱硫剂CaO加入量对海绵铁脱硫率的影响,考察了CaO、CaCO3、白云石等不同脱硫剂的脱硫效果,得到了最高脱硫率时海绵铁中硫的分布情况.     

Calculating Models of Mass Action Concentrations for Ni-Mn and Co-Mn Melts and Optimization of Their Thermodynamic Parameters

According to phase diagrams, measured activities as well as the coexistence theory of metallic melts structure involving compound formation, the calculating models of mass action concentrations for Ni-Mn and Co-Mn melts are formulated and their thermodynamic parameters are optimized. As a result, the calculated mass action concentrations agree well with the corresponding measured activities, showing that these models can reflect the structural characteristics of both Ni-Mn and Co-Mn melts.     

CaO基熔剂对钢液二次精炼脱磷速度的研究

利用CaO-Fe2O3-CaF2系熔剂，对磷质量分数≤0．050％的钢液进行二次精炼脱磷处理，测定熔剂中添加BaO，A12O3时对钢液脱磷速度的影响关系。实验得到CaO基熔剂对钢液二次精炼处理时的脱磷反应速度常数k值以及磷在熔渣中传质系数D(p)／δ值。结果表明：添加剂BaO具有增大脱磷反应速度的作用，而A12O3对脱磷反应速度影响不大。