抗运动误差的车辆超载检测方法研究与仿真

车辆超载检测以静态检测为主.由于汽车超载运动检测过程中,车辆运动往往伴随着包括接触面分离和再附着、非定常涡脱落和高扰动、大比例尺的湍流结构以及弯曲剪切层等复杂现象,使得压力分布发生偏差,造成传统的车辆超载检测方法无法实现动态检测.为此,提出利用多频段信号竞争免疫算法的车辆超载检测方法.采集多频段车辆超载信号,并进行拉普拉斯能量和权重计算,对低频分解结果和高频分解结果进行融合.将竞争机制引入到免疫算法中,获取误差与真实结果的竞争关系,排除动态干扰.实验结果表明,利用改进算法进行抗运动误差的车辆超载检测,能够在汽车运动过程中进行准确的超载检测,提高检测的准确性和实用性.     

车辆碰撞信号准确挖掘过程的仿真分析

研究车祸中车辆碰撞信号的准确检测问题.针对车辆在完成碰撞的过程中,车辆碰撞部位随机性很大,碰撞过程较短,声音信号的采样周期和间隔很小,碰撞信号与外部的干扰声音信号经常形成交叉冲突,造成瞬时碰撞信号很难被准确采集.传统的检测算法很难在碰撞中对短促碰撞信号与外界声音信号进行区分,造成检测度不高,提出了一种粗糙集神经网络的车辆碰撞声音信号检测方法.采集车辆声音信号,对信号进行预处理,从而获取粗糙集神经网络参数.建立粗糙集神经网络模型,对车辆碰撞信号进行深度挖掘检测.实验结果表明,提出的算法能够有效提高车辆碰撞声音信号检测的准确性.     

危险品运输车辆易燃信号挖掘方法研究与仿真

研究危险品运输车辆易燃信号准确挖掘的问题.危险品在车辆运输过程中,受到所处环境温度异常变化、外部颠簸摩擦等外部因素的影响,危险状况下的高温、高压等易燃信号随着外界干扰的不同会呈现非线性随机突变.传统的信号检测方法对异常信号非线性变化还没有很好的解决办法,无法正常捕捉,造成危险品运输中易燃信号检测不准.提出利用特征关联挖掘算法的危险品运输车辆易燃信号挖掘方法.利用小波变换方法,提取危险品运输车辆状态信号特征,去除干扰因素的影响,建立信号突变约束模型,计算危险品运输车辆状态信号特征之间的关联度,根据信号区域关联模型实现运输车辆易燃信号检测.实验结果表明,改进方法进行危险品运输车辆易燃信号检测,可以极大地提高检测的准确性.     

基于无线传感网络的汽车气囊爆炸风险检测

研究汽车安全气囊爆炸风险准确检测问题。假设汽车撞击点分布较为集中,将造成气囊压力分布不均匀,局部承压发生较大突变。传统算法是基于单传感器得到的承压系数进行安全气囊爆炸风险检测的,一旦发生局部承压过大,造成承压系数发生局部突变,将使得检测结果失真。为此,提出了一种基于无线传感网络配合连续压力信号小波变换算法的汽车安全气囊爆炸风险检测方法。对连续压力信号进行小波变换处理,获取汽车安全气囊承压系数极大值。将二者进行对比,从而完成汽车安全气囊压力检测。实验证明,这种算法能够避免由于撞击点分布较为集中造成的检测结果失真的缺陷,提高了汽车安全气囊爆炸风险检测的准确率。     

高压承载下的桥梁挠度形变检测方法仿真研究

研究桥梁挠度形变准确检测问题.桥梁受到外界压力的影响,会发生局部的断面挠度形变.由于挠度形变不均匀,且形变程度极小,因此过小的形变导致在远程坐标转换过程中,常常发生坐标对应错误,导致形变部位基准坐标点不准.传统的采用GPS技术,在检测中依靠形变部位的坐标值进行形变检测,转换后的坐标误差会导致形变特征对应不准,造成检测的准确性不高.提出了一种采用计算机视觉图像最大熵算法的桥梁形变检测方法.利用二值化方法,计算桥梁图像中边界像素的有效分布,对像素计算边界的最大熵,通过设定合理的阀值,计算桥梁形变,避免转换误差的发生.实验结果表明,提出的算法能够提高桥梁在高压力下的形变检测准确性.     

高速移动错位下的车辆通信参数精确检测

高速移动车辆错位通信条件下,车辆信号模糊程度增强,导致传统基于信号特征的车辆通信参数检测算法无法准确分析车辆通信参数,具有一定的局限性;提出一种基于改进卡曼尔滤波算法的高速移动错位下车辆通信参数检测方法,分析了车辆快速移动过程中最佳通信节点的定位,对最佳车辆节点进行融合,获取最佳车辆通信参数,采用改进的卡尔曼滤波算法,得到一系列递推检测算法,建立信号以及噪声的状态空间模型,依据前时刻的车辆通信参数检测值和当前时刻的检测值,对高速移动错位下车辆通信参数变量检测值进行修正,及时更新改进卡曼尔滤波算法检测噪声的协方差,实现高速移动错位下车辆通信参数的准确检测;实验检测结果表明,所提方法的可准确检测高速移动错位下的车辆通信参数,具有较高的效率和精度。     

一种抗动态运动干扰的雷达车辆测距算法仿真

研究车辆行驶过程中的准确测距问题.车辆在行驶的过程中,行驶速度存在较强的突变性,且很难运用动态模型进行描述,而传统的利用计算机视觉信号的采样频率采样的方法也很难保证较为完全地采集这种信号突变,最终动态的信号变换只能导致测距结果失真,降低了车辆测距的准确性.为了避免上述缺陷,提出了一种抗击动态运动干扰的雷达车辆测距算法.采集车辆测距调频信号,利用非线性滤波方法对其进行去噪处理,得到准确的中频信号.通过计算中频信号动态发射频率消除动态误差,从而实现车辆测距.实验结果表明,这种算法能够有效提高车辆测距的准确性,取得了令人满意的效果.     

基于分布式光纤的建筑材料偏差检测方法

研究建筑材料的细微形变优化检测问题.建筑材料结构复杂,不同材料的受热伸缩程度不同,造成大规模建筑过程中,不同区域的材料形变程度极小,传统的材料几何曲率或者角度形变方法在进行细微形变检测过程中,很难对材料保持较高的判断精度,使得检测过程不准确.为了避免上述缺陷,提出了一种分布式光纤的建筑材料尺寸偏差检测方法.利用分布式光纤形变传感器采集建筑材料尺寸数据,通过瞬时傅立叶变换方法,计算建筑材料尺寸偏差.实验结果表明,提出的算法能够有效提高建筑材料尺寸偏差检测的准确性.     

基于小波包能量谱的汽轮机转子故障识别仿真

研究汽轮机转子故障有效识别问题.针对汽轮机转子工作过程中受热不均导致转子弯曲,引起质量分布的不平衡,造成不平衡引起故障震动信号发生波动,传统的震动信号监测方法在故障信号发生波动的情况下,很难准确的检测故障,提出一种利用小波包能量谱的汽轮机转子的故障识别算法.运用汽轮机转子振动信号的总能量以及不同的频带所对应的能量占总能量的比例的计算结果获得了汽轮机转子的故障类型,排除由于故障信号形变造成的干扰.最后,针对200MW发电机组的汽轮机转子进行了故障诊断,研究结果表明,利用小波包能量谱能够较为准确地获得汽轮机转子的故障类型.     

基于GAN网络的双层管柱外层套管形变位置检测算法

针对普光气田所使用的双层管柱外层套管存在形变位置难以检测问题,利用电磁探伤仪的电涡流检测信号,提出一种基于GAN网络的双层管柱外层套管形变位置检测算法(DPDA)。在DPDA中,首先对电涡流检测信号进行预处理将其转换为涡流图像,构建包括生成子网络和判别子网络的形变位置检测模型。然后提出权衡重构损失、隐性损失和对抗损失的两个子网络目标函数,并采用爬行动物搜索算法对目标函数的权重系数进行寻优。训练获得形变位置检测模型,并根据形变评分对形变像素进行初步检测。最后根据涡流图像特性,设计形变结果修正方法进行修正,获得形变位置检测结果。实验结果显示:DPDA能准确检测双层管柱外层套管的形变位置,提高检测准确率,降低漏检率和误检率,比自编码器(AE)、金字塔结构网络模型(PSNM)和猫群优化算法(CSOA)更优。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。