史上最严锅炉排放标准7月1日实施

<正>继史上最严的火电排放标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》施行后,史上最严的锅炉排放标准,新修订的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》今年7月1日即将实施。燃煤电厂之后,燃煤锅炉成为下一步治霾的重点。"燃煤锅炉煤耗高、污染大,造成的能源浪费相当大。在能源与环保问题受到高度重视的今天,燃煤锅炉已经到了非改不可、     

燃煤电厂超低排放湿法脱硫治霾影响分析

根据燃煤电厂湿法脱硫出口污染物排放浓度及其排放绩效,分析了超低排放湿法脱硫的治霾效果,阐明了湿法脱硫有利于减少SO₂、颗粒物、SO₃的排放量,这些污染物都是形成雾霾的前体物,表明超低排放湿法脱硫对雾霾治理有积极的贡献。同时,烟气超低排放具有协同治理有色烟羽的能力,对于有色烟羽治理应采取因地制宜的策略。煤电行业广泛开展烟气超低排放改造后,大气污染物排放量持续减少,空气环境质量逐年改善,湿法脱硫、烟气超低排放功不可没。     

大气环境监测的数字化测量核心要点分析

大气环境污染问题已经成为我国、乃至全国的污染难题,在私家车、工业厂房等数量越来越多的情况下,尾气排放、工业生产有害气体排放超标,在空气中形成酸雨、酸雾,引起严重的雾霾和酸雨问题。面对这些大气环境污染问题,必须开展有效的环境质量监测、预防和治理工作。近几年来关于大气环境污染监测,虽然取得了一定成效,但是在监测力度和监测管理技术上还有需要待完善的地方。本文将从数字化监测角度着手,就如何构建我国大气环境污染监测数字化测量体系以及如何有效应用数字化测量谈几点看法。     

导热炉大气污染物排放适用标准的问题探讨

1问题的提出我国为了改善大气环境质量,特制定了《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》,同时制定和修订了一系列的大气污染物排放标准,主要有以下几条:(1)《大气污染物综合排放标准》(GB16297-1996);(2)《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》(GB13271-2001);(3)《工业炉窑大气污染物排放标准》(GB9078-1996);(4)《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB13223-1996);(5)《炼焦炉大气污染物排放标准》(GB16171-1996);(6)《水泥厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB4915-1996);(7)《汽车大气污染物排放标准》(GB14761.1～14761.7-1993);(8)《摩托车排气污染物排放标准》(…     

地热能及与其他新能源联合发电综述

我国地热资源丰富,且分布范围广。随着能源短缺和环境恶化问题的出现,地热能作为一种可再生的清洁能源受到人们的广泛关注,并将其用于发电领域,以降低污染物的排放、减缓煤炭等化石燃料引发的温室效应,实现能源结构的优化。介绍了地热蒸汽发电技术、地热水发电技术、干热岩发电技术、岩浆发电技术等地热发电技术的工作原理,并在适用范围、发电效率、发电成本、优缺点等方面对其进行比较。同时,阐述了地热与太阳能、生物质联合发电技术;分析了地热发电技术中存在的问题,以期为地热能在我国乃至世界范围的实际应用提供参考。     

基于无组织排放监测点位布设的国家环境标准研究

在工业集中区,企业排放的气态污染物之间互相交融,受气象条件、地形地貌、建筑物等的影响,企业边界上风向和下风向的监控点（污染物最大落地点）不易确定,文章以大气污染物综合排放标准、相关行业大气污染物排放标准、大气污染物无组织排放监测技术导则、恶臭污染环境监测技术规范等国家环境标准为基准,对无组织监测布点方法为研究对象,详细分析了在企业厂界上下风向和厂界内布点的客观条件,对相关技术问题进行分析解读,从设不设参照点问题、参照值是否扣除问题、风向不固定问题、布点距离问题、能否当做点源问题等五个方面提出完善相关标准、技术规范的可行性建议。以提高无组织排放监测布点的准确性,提高数据的代表性,反映企业排污的现状,为环境监管提供准确、合法的技术依据。     

快报

正环保部将发四项新标准严格控制污染物排放环保部近日审议并原则通过锅炉大气污染物、生活垃圾焚烧污染物、工业污染物以及非道路移动机械用柴油机污染物的排放新标准。据悉,新标准经进一步修改后,将由环保部同国家质检总局联合发布实施。环保部表示,为防治大气污染,将对现行的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》进行修订和完善。修订后的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》增加了燃煤锅炉氮氧化物和汞及其化合物的排放限值,规定了大气污染物特别排放限值,取     

环保部发布四项污染物排放新标准

正近日,环境保护部制定并会同国家质检总局发布了《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》《生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准》《锡、锑、汞工业污染物排放标准》和《非道路移动机械用柴油机排气污染物排放限值及测量方法(中国第三、四阶段)》等4项国家大气污染物排放(控制)标准。据悉,新修订的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》增加了燃煤锅炉氮氧化物和汞及其化合物的排放限值,规定了大气污染物特别排放限值,取消了按功能区和锅炉容量执行不同排放限值的规定,以及燃煤锅炉烟尘初始排放浓度限值,提高了各项污染物排放控制要求。执行新标准后,颗     

2012年1月1日起实施的环境保护标准

GB13223-2011《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》。本标准规定了火电厂大气污染物排放浓度限值、监测和监控要求,以及标准的实施与监督等相关规定。本标准适用于现有火电厂的大气污染物排放管理以及火电厂建设项目的环境影响评价、环境保护工程设计、竣工环境保护验收及其投产后的大气污染物排放管理。本标准不适用于各种容量的以生活垃圾、危险废物为燃料的火电厂。     

废气管路的氧含量检测——探头式激光氧气分析仪在火炬中的应用

石油化学工业生产装置在开停车、日常运行特别是突发事故发生时,生产装置会排放出大量废气。为了保证生产装置稳定和安全运行,排放废气完全满足环境保护法规,保护人身安全,同时确保不影响装置自身及周边的正常生产运行,通常需要先将排放气体输送到火炬中经过燃烧处理后再向大气排放。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.