ZrO2 对堇青石多孔陶瓷性能和显微结构的影响

以高岭土、滑石和αAl2O3微粉为主要原料,按堇青石的理论组成配料后,外加10%的化学纯活性炭为造孔剂,同时分别外加0、0.25%、0.5%、0.75%和1.0%的分析纯ZrO2,经湿混、干燥、造粒、成型和1340℃保温5h烧成后,制成不同ZrO2含量的堇青石多孔陶瓷,并研究了ZrO2外加量对试样热膨胀系数、显气孔率、吸水率及烧成收缩率的影响,并用XRD和SEM分析了试样的物相组成和断面形貌。结果表明:与未加ZrO2的相比,外加0.25%ZrO2时,试样的热膨胀系数显著降低,但超过0.25%时,热膨胀系数随ZrO2外加量的增加而略有升高;随ZrO2外加量的增加,试样的显气孔率和吸水率逐渐增大,而烧成收缩率降低;与未加ZrO2的试样相比,外加1.0%ZrO的试样内扁平状气孔的数量较多,且气孔在试样内分布较均匀。     

Fabrication and characterization of porous cordierite ceramics prepared from fly ash and natural minerals

Low cost, single-phase porous cordierite ceramics are successfully synthesized by in-situ solid-state reactions from fly ash, quartz, and magnesite. The effects of sintering temperature and magnesite content on phase transformation, open porosity, bulk density, mechanical properties, and microstructure are carefully investigated. Factsage analyses are carried out to calculate the isopleth diagrams, and the results agree well with the experimental outcomes. Thermal gravimetric and differential scanning calorimeter analyses (TG-DSC) are performed to characterize the weight loss and transient behaviors of the raw materials. Linear thermal expansion properties are also studied. The α-cordierite phase is the only phase observed in S-3 (magnesite content 25%) sintered at 1300 °C for 2 h, and its linear thermal expansion coefficient (2.71 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) is close to that of typical cordierite. Both the compressive strength (72.64 MPa) and flexural strength (23.92 MPa) of the as-synthesized samples are high with an open porosity of 33.16% and a bulk density of 1.61 g/cm³.     

Processing and enhanced electrical properties of Sr1-x(K0.5Bi0.5)xBi2Nb2O9 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, Sr_1−x(K_0.5Bi_0.5)_xBi₂Nb₂O₉ (SKBN-x, x=0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0), were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction. Structural and electrical properties of SKBN-x ceramics were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis suggested that the substitution led to the formation of a layered perovskite structure. Plate-like morphologies for the grains were clearly observed in all the samples, which are characteristic for layer-structure Aurivillius compounds. The Curie temperature (T_c) is found to shift to higher temperature from 445 °C to 509 °C with increasing (K, Bi) content. Excellent remanent polarization (2P_r∼15 μC/cm²) were obtained for SKBN-0.2 ceramic. High piezoelectric coefficient of d₃₃∼21  pC/N were obtained for the samples at x=0.5. Additionally, thermal annealing studies indicated that the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃) of SKBN-0.5 was unchanged even if annealing temperature increased to be 450 °C, demonstrating the ceramics are the promising candidates for high-temperature applications.     

A novel strategy for synthesizing porous ZrB2-SiC ceramics via boro/carbothermal reaction process templated pore-forming approach

In this work, pure ZrB₂-SiC composite powders were obtained using ZrO₂, SiO₂, B₄C and carbon black as raw materials via a boro/carbothermal reduction (BCTR) reaction process at 1500 °C for 2 h in vacuum condition. Based on this finding, porous ZrB₂-SiC ceramics were in-situ synthesized via a novel and facile boro/carbothermal reaction process templated pore-forming (BCTR-TPF) method. The phase composition, linear shrinkage, and pore size distribution were also methodically studied. Results show that the porous ZrB₂-SiC ceramics with controllable porosity of 67–78%, compressive strength of 0.2–9.8 MPa and thermal conductivity of 1.9–7.0 W·m⁻¹K⁻¹ can be fabricated by varying of ZrO₂ and B₄C particle sizes. The formation of ZrB₂ grains was controlled via solid-solid and solid-liquid-solid growth mechanisms, the growth process of SiC grains was mainly regulated by solid-solid, vapor-vapor and vapor-solid growth mechanisms during the overall synthesis process. Finally, the pore-forming mechanism of porous samples prepared via the BCTR-TPF method was gases combined with template pore-forming mechanism, i.e., B₄C and carbon black acted as pore-forming templates, and gaseous products generated in the BCTR reaction were also applied as gas pore-forming agent.     

Characterization and property of magnetic ferrite ceramics with interesting multilayer structure prepared by solid-state reaction

Polyhedral MnFe₂O₄ with multilayer structure was successfully synthesized, and the possible originating mechanism of multilayer structure was firstly determined in current study. The phase formation, morphology evolution and interface reaction of the solid-state reaction of MnO₂ and Fe₂O₃ mixture under air and reduction atmospheres were comparatively investigated, and the microwave absorption property of polyhedral MnFe₂O₄ with multilayer structure were discussed via the XRD, SEM, XPS, TEM, AFM and vector network analyzer measurements. Experiment results showed that multilayer MnFe₂O₄ can be synthesized both in the air at 1200–1300 °C and in 4 vol%CO at 1000–1100 °C. The reduction atmosphere was favorable to the formation of multilayer structure of MnFe₂O₄ due to the occurrence of multilayer MnO as the intermedium. In addition, morphology evolution demonstrated that the particle size of MnO₂ after reduction was decreased remarkably which was also beneficial to the formation of MnFe₂O₄. However, air atmosphere is unfavorable to the generation of MnFe₂O₄ due to the recrystallization growth of Fe₂O₃ to lump impeding the element diffusion. Resultantly, the required temperature for the synthesis of MnFe₂O₄ in air was much higher than that in 4 vol% CO. One possible mechanism for the polyhedral MnFe₂O₄ with multilayer structure was based on the combination of the greater growth speed of (111) plane in the cubic MnFe₂O₄ crystal and terrace-ledge-kink (TLK) growth model. Moreover, multilayer MnFe₂O₄ prepared by the solid-state reaction presented good microwave absorbing property compared with that of the ferrites synthesized via the representative wet chemistry and combined methods.     

Structural,dielectric and luminescent properties of novel Li1.0Nb0.6Ti0.5O3: Tb3+ ceramics

Novel Li_1.0Nb_0.6Ti_0.5O₃: Tb³⁺ ceramics with favorable luminescent and dielectric properties were prepared by solid-state reaction (SSR) method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the Tb³⁺ ions were effectively dissolved into the “M-phase” matrix synthesized at 1000–1100°C. The ceramic with a dense microstructure could be obtained at 1050°C. The Li_1.0Nb_0.6Ti_0.5O₃: Tb³⁺ ceramics emitted green light at 550 nm and relatively strong red light at 660 nm under the excitation of 440 nm, which were located in the orange-red light region shown in the chromaticity diagram. The color coordinates were (0.5574, 0.4417) for the Li_1.0Nb_0.6Ti_0.5O₃: 2wt% Tb³⁺ ceramic sintered at 1050°C. The quantum efficiency of Li_1.0Nb_0.6Ti_0.5O₃: 2wt%Tb³⁺ ceramic was 19%, which was much higher than that of 9.6% for commercial red Y₂O₃: Eu³⁺ phosphors. Furthermore, for Li_1.0Nb_0.6Ti_0.5O₃: 2wt%Tb³⁺ ceramic synthesized at 1050°C, the ideal dielectric properties with ε_r of 66.263 and Q*f of 5582 GHz were obtained, which might be used as a potentially multifunctional ceramic applied in the fields of LED packaging to improve the lack of red light for blue LEDs combined with yellow phosphors.     

In-situ reaction synthesis of porous Si2N2O-Si3N4 multiphase ceramics with low dielectric constant via silica poly-hollow microspheres

In the present work, a novel and facile process has been proposed to fabricate porous Si₂N₂O-Si₃N₄ multiphase ceramics with low dielectric constant (ε_r＜4.0). Since silica poly-hollow microspheres could serve as the source of SiO₂ and the pore-forming agent, they have been introduced into Si₃N₄ slurry through the gelcasting technique. This process is benefited from the liquid phase sintering reaction between SiO₂ and Si₃N₄ with the aid of sintering additives, leading to in-situ synthesis of Si₂N₂O phase and porous structure. The content of silica poly-hollow microspheres has great influence on the properties of the final products. It indicates that Si₂N₂O phase would become the major phase when the content of silica poly-hollow microspheres was above 25 wt%. Furthermore, the micromorphology results reveal that the content of pores with many smaller aggregate microspheres increases as microspheres amount rises. As a result, along with the addition of silica poly-hollow microspheres, the bulk density decreases to 1.32±0.01 g/cm³, and open porosity ranges from 28.4±0.4% to 52.0±0.5%. Porous Si₂N₂O-Si₃N₄ multiphase ceramics prepared with 25 wt% silica poly-hollow microspheres addition possess flexural strength of 42.3±3.8 MPa, low dielectric constant of 3.31 and loss tangent of 1.93×10⁻³. It turns out to be an effective method to fabricate porous Si₂N₂O-Si₃N₄ composites with excellent mechanical and dielectric properties, which could be applied to radome materials.     

A comparative study of the structure,defects, optical,dielectric, and magnetic properties of GdMnO3 multiferroic ceramics synthesized by solid-state reaction and sol-gel methods

In this work, GdMnO₃ ceramics were synthesized by solid state reaction and sol-gel methods, and the structure, defects and optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of the synthesized samples were comparatively investigated. The samples synthesized by different methods show a single phase structure without any detectable impurities. The SEM results suggest that the particle size of the specimen obtained by the solid phase route is on the micron scale, while that of the specimen fabricated by the sol-gel route is on the nanometer scale. Compared with the ceramic fabricated by solid-state reaction technology, the specimen synthesized by sol-gel technique possesses lower oxygen vacancies and Mn²⁺ concentration, and Mn³⁺ concentration. The positron annihilation analyses show that the cation vacancy concentration of the specimen synthesized by the solid phase approach is higher than that of the specimen synthesized via the sol-gel approach. The compound obtained by the solid phase reaction has better dielectric properties than that obtained with the sol-gel method. The magnetic transition temperature and the effective magnetic moment are influenced by the Mn ion valence state in GdMnO₃. The stronger magnetization of the ceramic synthesized via the sol-gel approach is associated with the lower concentration of cation vacancies.     

Structure,far-infrared reflectance spectra,and microwave dielectric properties of Ba2MGa11O20 (M = Bi,La) ceramics

Ba₂MGa₁₁O₂₀ (M = Bi, La; called BBG and BLG, respectively) ceramics with monoclinic space group I2/m were prepared through a solid-state reaction method. BBG ceramic sintered at 1150 °C for 6 h has the best microwave dielectric properties with low ε_r = 10.68, Q × f = 41,756 GHz, and negative τ_f = ?61.3 ppm/°C. BLG ceramic sintered at 1440 °C for 6 h exhibits ε_r = 13.94, Q × f = 45,592 GHz, and near-zero τ_f = ?16.3 ppm/°C. The large deviation between ε_r and ε_th was ascribed to the “rattling” effect of the cations and the existence of lone pair ions of Bi³⁺. The difference in Q × f of the two ceramics was discussed in terms of packing fraction, and the τ_f of BLG was closer to zero than that of BBG due to the smaller τ_ε value. Their intrinsic dielectric properties were analyzed through far-infrared reflectivity spectroscopy.     

Highly porous (La1/5Nd1/5Sm1/5Gd1/5Yb1/5)2Zr2O7 ceramics with ultra-low thermal conductivity

The high-entropy rare earth zirconate (La_1/5Nd_1/5Sm_1/5Gd_1/5Yb_1/5)₂Zr₂O₇ porous ceramics ((5RE_1/5)₂Zr₂O₇ PCs) were prepared using a foam-gel casting-freeze drying method combined with segmented calcination process. The results of SEM, TEM, and XRD analyses of the (5RE_1/5)₂Zr₂O₇ PCs indicated the formation of a defective fluorite crystal structure, with the rare earth elements homogeneously distributed. Meanwhile, the as-prepared (5RE_1/5)₂Zr₂O₇ PCs exhibited high porosity, low bulk density, low thermal conductivity, and relatively high compressive strength. Moreover, the high-temperature thermal conductivity of the samples was evaluated, and the results showed that the (5RE_1/5)₂Zr₂O₇ PCs maintain a thermal conductivity of 0.150 ± 0.002 W m^?1 K^?1 even at 1000 °C. The strategy used in this paper can be extended to the synthesis of other high-entropy porous ceramics with high porosity and low thermal conductivity, which is suitable for applications as thermal insulation materials.     

Near-infrared luminescent properties of Ln:LaGdZr2O7 (Ln = Nd,Yb) transparent ceramics for solid-state laser applications

Via a facile solid reactive method, transparent Ln_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ (Ln = Nd, Yb) ceramics were successfully fabricated for the first time. The highest in-line transmittances of Nd:LaGdZr₂O₇ and Yb:LaGdZr₂O₇ ceramics reached 68% and 69%, respectively, at 1100 nm. The microstructure and crystal structure of Ln_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ transparent ceramics were fully investigated, indicating that the solid reactive technique is a good method of industrially fabricating Ln_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ transparent ceramics. The PL spectra demonstrated that Ln_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ ceramics can effectively be excited at 808 nm and 976 nm, which correlates with the widely applied output wavelengths of AlGaAs and InGaAs laser diodes. The luminescence decay curves were also studied, showing that the average fluorescence lifetimes of Nd_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ and Yb_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ transparent ceramics was 355 μs and 663 μs, respectively. Combined with its high temperature resistance and good mechanical strength, Ln_0.1La_0.9GdZr₂O₇ (Ln = Nd, Yb) transparent ceramics can have potential applications in Nd/Yb solid-state laser construction.     

Fast pressureless solid-state reaction sintering of highly infrared transparent MgAlON ceramics from MgAl2O4 and AlON powders by two-step heating

A two-step heating strategy was proposed to fabricate transparent MgAlON ceramics by solid-state reaction of MgAl₂O₄ and AlON powders via pressureless sintering. By dwelling 60 min at 1700 ℃ followed by 150 min at 1880 ℃, highly infrared transparent MgAlON ceramics with transmittance up to 80.4 % were successfully fast prepared. The phase transformation and microstructure evolution during heating from 1400 ℃ to 1800 ℃ and dwelling at 1700 ℃ for 0–90 min was thoroughly studied to reveal the solid-state reaction and densification mechanism of MgAlON by two-step heating. Surprisingly, it was found that the grown grains could break during dwelling at 1700 ℃. This secondary massive fragmentation of grown grains resulted in the minimized grain size and improved moveability of grains, which in turn prompted fast and high densification with pore free in the following sintering step. The grain breakage at 1700 ℃ could be attributed to the decomposition of AlON and formation of MgAlON.     

Potential red-emitting NaGd(MO4)2:R (M=W,Mo, R=Eu,Sm, Bi) phosphors for white light emitting diodes applications

NaGd(MO₄)₂:R (M=W, Mo, R=Eu³⁺, Sm³⁺, Bi³⁺) phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reaction. The structure and photoluminescence properties of the samples were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ transition of Eu³⁺, which led to a red emission of the phosphors, was dominantly observed in the photoluminescence spectra. The doped Bi³⁺ and Sm³⁺ efficiently sensitized the emission of Eu³⁺ and effectively extended and strengthened the absorption of near-UV light with wavelengths ranging from 395 to 405 nm. In addition, energy transfers from Bi³⁺ to Eu³⁺ and from Sm³⁺ to Eu³⁺ occurred. The chromaticity coordinates of the obtained phosphors were close to the standard values of the National Television Standard Committee (x=0.670, y=0.330). The results suggest that NaGd(WO₄)_2−y(MoO₄)_y:Eu³⁺, Sm³⁺, Bi³⁺ is an efficient red-emitting phosphor for light-emitting diode applications.     

Effects of N2 pressure and Si particle size on mechanical properties of porous Si3N4 ceramics prepared via SHS

Porous silicon nitride ceramics with high flexural strength and high porosity were directly fabricated by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS). The effects of N₂ pressure and Si particle size on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical property were investigated. N₂ influences not only the thermodynamics but also the kinetics of the SHS as initial reactant. Flexural strength ranged between 67 MPa and 134 MPa with increasing N₂ pressure. On the other hand, flexural strength ranged from 213 MPa to 102 MPa with different Si particle sizes. This plays an important role on the final diameter and length of β-Si₃N₄ grains and the formation mechanism of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics.     

A comparative study of (Ce) and (Gd) doping influence on the superconducting properties of YBCO ceramics

This work is devoted to investigate the structural and electrical properties of the Ce, Gd-doped YBCO superconductors bulk ceramics. YBa_2-xRE_xCu₃O_7−δ (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) (RE = Gd, Ce) samples were prepared by means of conventional solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out to identify the present phases in the as-prepared samples followed by the determination of their lattice parameters. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the functional groups. Furthermore, the morphology and the surface roughness of the studied samples were characterized using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Vickers Micro-hardness of the as-prepared samples was examined. Besides, the electrical resistivity measurements were achieved to determine the critical transition temperature T_C and the critical current density J_C.The effect of Ce and Gd additions is clearly noticed in the obtained results, where all the prepared samples are superconductors with the presence of Y123 as a major polycrystalline phase. From the XRD patterns, the intensities of the Y123 corresponding peaks decrease with further increasing the Ce and Gd contents. In addition, the variation of the cell parameters was significant after additions of both Ce and Gd, which affect the grain size and the oxygen content of the YBa_2-xRE_xCu₃O_7−δ system. An improvement of the structure and surface roughness is observed on SEM and AFM images. Likewise, Vickers micro-hardness has increased after the Ce and Gd additions. Although, the critical transition temperature T_C was not further increased upon Ce or Gd additions compared to the undoped YBCO samples. Nevertheless, an exception has been recorded with an increase of T_C for YBa_2-xRE_xCu₃O_7−δ with (RE = Gd, x=0.01) to reach 88 K. In contrary, an improvement of the deduced critical current density J_C was achieved for all Ce-doped YBCO samples unlike those of Gd-doped samples.     

Fabrication and characterization of porous mullite ceramics with ultra-low shrinkage and high porosity via sol-gel and solid state reaction methods

Porous mullite ceramics with ultra-low shrinkage and high porosity were prepared by solid state reaction between MoO₃ and mullite precursor powders which were synthesized from tetraethylorthosilicate and aluminium nitrate nonahydrate via sol-gel methods. The synthetic process of mullite precursor powder and effects of MoO₃ amount on the phase composition, microstructure, physical properties such as firing shrinkage, open porosity, bending strength, water absorption and bulk density of porous mullite ceramics were investigated. The results indicated that the addition of MoO₃ not only lowered the mullite forming temperature from 985.4 to 853.3 °C, but also restrained densification behavior of samples due to the formation of mullite and Al₂O₃–MoO₃ solid solution, besides, MoO₃ also improves the formability, open porosity and bending strength of samples. The optimal amounts of MoO₃ is 8 wt%, and the resultant samples exhibit outstanding properties, including a low shrinkage rate of 1.86 ± 0.07%, an open porosity of 61.91 ± 0.16% and a bending strength of 9.35 ± 1.11 MPa.     

Simple solid-state synthesis and improved performance of Ni(OH)2-TiO2 nanocomposites for photocatalytic H2 production

To reduce the cost of the traditional noble metal-loaded photocatalysts for H₂ production, low-cost Ni(OH)₂-TiO₂ nanocomposites were designed and synthesized by a simple room-temperature solid-state chemical method (RSCM), which is a facile, low-cost and eco-friendly manipulation. Various testing methods and tools were used to characterize the crystal structure, elemental composition, morphology, light absorption ability, fluorescent performance, photocurrent density, and photocatalytic activity of the obtained nanocomposites. The results indicated that RSCM can be used to synthesize Ni(OH)₂-TiO₂ nanocomposites with a small size (50 nm) and good dispersity. Compared to pure TiO₂, the obtained nanocomposites displayed excellent photocatalytic performance for H₂ production by photocatalytic water-splitting. The amount of hydrogen needed for the optional nanocomposite NOT-1 was 9180 μmol/g, which is 29 times that of the commercial P25. The reason for the improved performance for photocatalytic hydrogen production is that the existing Ni(OH)₂ in nanocomposites promoted the separation between the photogenerated electron and holes.     

Effects of ZrO2 on the photoluminescence of 0.5 at% Eu:(Y0.9La0.1)2O3 transparent ceramics

Zr-codoped 0.5 at% Eu: (Y_0.9La_0.1)₂O₃ ceramics sintered in H₂-reducing atomsphere, together with the ceramics with annealing treatment, were fabricated by solid-state reactions and the effects of Zr codoping on these materials’ photoluminescence examined. The obtained emission spectra showed that Zr codoping adjust the materials’ photoluminescence with UV excitation and a logical explanation was proposed. The results suggested that an Eu-doped, yttrium-lanthanum oxide transparent ceramic with Zr in low concentration appeared to have promising potential in modern lighting applications.     

Higher permittivity of Ni-doped lead zirconate titanate,Pb[(Zr0.52Ti0.48)(1-x) Nix]O3, ceramics

The paper reports highest obtained dielectric constant for Ni-doped Lead Zirconate Titanate [PZT, Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃] ceramics. The Ni-doped PZT ceramic pellets were prepared via conventional solid-state reaction method with Ni content chosen in the range 0–20?at%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were employed to investigate the crystal structure of the prepared ceramics. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the ceramic pellets had crystallized into tetragonal perovskite structure. A minute displacement of XRD peaks was detected in the diffraction spectra of Ni-doped PZT ceramic samples which when examined by size-strain plot (SSP) method revealed presence of homogenous strain that decreased with increase in concentration of Ni. In FTIR the maximum absorption at 597?cm^?1, 608?cm^?1, 611?cm^?1, 605 and 613?cm^?1 for Ni?=?0, 5, 10, 15 and 20?at%, respectively, confirmed the formation of perovskite structure in all the compositions and the slight shift suggests decrease in cell size on doping. The values of dielectric constant (ε′) & tanδ as a function of frequency and temperature were measured for the prepared ceramics and it revealed highest ever reported dielectric constant for Ni - doped PZT with Ni?=?5?at%. The dielectric variation with temperature exhibited a diffused type ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition for the doped samples. Also, the maximum dielectric constant value (ε′_max) decreased while the phase transition temperature increased with increase in doping concentration of Ni. The estimated activation energy of different compositions was found to increase from 0.057 to 0.068?eV for x?=?0.00 to x?=?0.20 in ferroelectric phase. The piezoelectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties were also investigated.     

Correlations between the crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties in Ce2[Zr1-xMx]3(MoO4)9 (M = Mn1/3Nb2/3, Mn1/3Ta2/3) solid-solution ceramics

Ce₂[Zr_1-xM_x]₃(MoO₄)₉ (M = Mn_1/3Nb_2/3, Mn_1/3Ta_2/3; x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10) (abbreviated as CZ_1-xN_x and CZ_1-xT_x) ceramics were prepared through the solid-state reaction method. Effects of (Mn_1/3Nb_2/3)⁴⁺ and (Mn_1/3Ta_2/3)⁴⁺ ions on the sintering characteristics, crystal structures, microwave dielectric properties and infrared vibrational modes were studied in detail. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal the formation of solid solutions for all components. Based on the chemical bond theory and Rietveld refinement, intrinsic structure parameters including the polarizability (P), the packing fraction (P.F.) and the octahedral distortion (Δ_octa.), and bond parameters including the lattice energy (U), bond energy (E) and thermal expansion coefficient (α) were calculated. Interestingly, the Ce–O bond plays a major role in the bond ionicity (f_i), while Mo–O bond dominates the contributions in the lattice energy (U), bond energy (E) and thermal expansion coefficient (α). In addition, these parameters are used to explain the variations of the microwave dielectric properties of ceramics either changing the doping contents or replacing different ions at x = 0.06. Furthermore, far infrared (FIR) spectra uncover that the phonon modes provide the major polarization contribution of 68.59% in the CZ_0.9T_0.1 ceramic, implying that the main contribution to ε_r stems from the ionic polarization instead of the electronic polarization. Typically, the optimum microwave dielectric properties are achieved for the CZ_0.9N_0.1 and CZ_0.9T_0.1 ceramics with ε_r = 10.76, Q × f = 85,893 GHz (at 9.52 GHz), τ_f = −14.83 ppm °C⁻¹ and ε_r = 10.72, Q × f = 87,355 GHz (at 9.81 GHz) and τ_f = −8.68 ppm °C⁻¹, respectively. Notably, the CZ_0.9T_0.1 ceramic has a markedly increased Q × f while maintaining a good τ_f = −8.68 ppm °C⁻¹ and a low sintering temperature of 700 °C.