平面有限元网格自动生成在地下洞室中的应用

本文利用等参数有限元坐标分片映射的原理系统地讨论了多连通域的平面有限元网格、结点自动生成方法,并给出多夹层,多裂缝、多种单元组合情况下各种生成方法和裂缝扩展情况下网格重新生成问题。附例表明,方法有效。     

The effect of traditional wind vents called zarceras on the hygrothermal behaviour of underground wine cellars in Spain

This paper studies the hygrothermal behaviour of traditional underground wine cellars in one of the most important wine growing areas of Spain, the Ribera del Duero, paying special attention to the effects of traditional wind vents called zarceras. The purpose is to highlight energy-saving practices that aid the design and renovation of similar constructions. This was carried out by monitoring the temperature and relative humidity inside two wine cellars of similar properties throughout 2007, one with a zarcera and the other without. The results of the analysis show that the existence of the wind vent does not increase the ventilation from May to August. On the other hand, from September to March, the zarcera favours ventilation, affecting both temperature and relative humidity. The interior temperature is more greatly affected by the exterior temperature, giving rise to greater variations, although this difference is of little importance for maturing wine (annual variation 2.5 °C more than the cellar without a zarcera). The interior relative humidity is reduced, reducing the risk of condensation and problems of mould (the cellar without a zarcera reached excessively high values, 97% as an annual average, compared to 91% in the cellar with a zarcera). Thus the existence of zarceras in underground cellars improves the overall hygrothermal behaviour, providing suitable conditions for maturing wine without air conditioning systems, an advisable element in the building of new underground wine cellars.     

中国城市化进程中文化遗产保护对策研究——文化遗产的动态保护观

城市文化遗产保护是一个动态发展的过程,必将随着社会发展而变化。随着城市化进程的加快,传统静态的保护模式已经不能适应社会环境变化的需要,而动态保护模式能够将文化遗产的保护纳入城市总体环境同步发展的范畴,并根据时代发展变化的情况,积极主动的调整保护规划,使文化遗产既能保持历史的真实性, 又能达到可持续发展的要求。     

Ruins revisited: modernist conceptions of heritage

The perception westerners have of ruins underwent drastic transformations in the second half of the twentieth century. The realities of World War Two and the growing number of environmental problems made everyone realise that a ruin can be more than some enchanting reminder of distant cultures. Ruins stopped being objects of desire, precious anachronisms for adventurers to appropriate. This paper surveys emerging sensibilities towards ruins in literature, arts, archaeology and architecture. It presents a new vision, quite opposite to, but as powerful as the Beaux-Arts perspective.     

Ruins revisited: modernist conceptions of heritage

The perception westerners have of ruins underwent drastic transformations in the second half of the twentieth century. The realities of World War Two and the growing number of environmental problems made everyone realise that a ruin can be more than some enchanting reminder of distant cultures. Ruins stopped being objects of desire, precious anachronisms for adventurers to appropriate. This paper surveys emerging sensibilities towards ruins in literature, arts, archaeology and architecture. It presents a new vision, quite opposite to, but as powerful as the Beaux-Arts perspective.     

Slovenia: an architectural heritage moving forward

Slovenia has a rich history of Modern architecture. Its capital, Ljubljana, is well known for the distinctive buildings of Joze Plecnik as well as those of the Secessionist and Functionalist eras. Since opening up to the West in the early 1990s, a younger generation of Slovene architects has been propelled to the fore, who have been able to benefit from the advantages of exposure to international teaching and ideas. Andrej Hrausky describes the historical and national context in which contemporary Slovene architects work and asks how their output might relate to it in the future. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

冷眼看热潮--申报世界遗产和保护历史文化遗存

世界遗产的产生,是为了号召人们认真地保护它,世界遗产的登录有一定的标准.保护文化和自然遗产是政府的行为,保护遗产有原真性、可读性和可持续性的要求,文章批评了把申报世界遗产当作是获得政绩和取得功利的态度和作法.     

人文主义思想下的空间遗产保护——以文艺复兴时期意大利的实践为例

通过文献研究和定性分析,梳理人文主义思想下建筑遗产的可持续发展过程,指出历史空间作为空间遗产的保护对象,可将历史建筑的保护维度从过去和当下扩展到未来,使空间遗产在当代时空关系中得到更好的传承,以期为我国的遗产保护提供新思路.     

The new underground planning map of the Netherlands: a feasibility study of the possibilities of the use of underground space

In 1998 a study was conducted in the Netherlands into the possibilities of a more large-scale and systematic use of the underground in the western part of the country, the so-called “Randstad”. It was intended to be a more focused sequel on a study conducted on the possible role that use of the underground could play for the whole of the Netherlands, the “Strategic Study on the utilization of underground space”. The study examined the possibilities of improving an idealized model of the future spatial development of the Randstad, that was preferred by the provinces comprising this Randstad, by using more extensively he underground space. Improvement meant an enlargement of the efficiency of the use of space and maintenance or enlargement of the spatial quality of the area. Societal, cost, groundwater and policy aspects were investigated. The study showed some remarkable results. Gains in available space up to 50% in specific areas seemed possible and, when costs of working and maintenance were taken into account, underground construction for several facilities was no more expensive than above ground construction, which contradicts a widely held belief in the Netherlands.     

注浆加固在地铁浅埋暗挖通过地下管线的应用

结合北京地铁十号线呼家楼站浅埋暗挖施工安全通过雨、污水管线工程的实例,对施工中采用的注浆加固地层和注浆止水方案通过地下管线的应用情况进行研究分析,认为注浆加固地层和注浆止水方案满足施工的要求.     

Monitoring of the building envelope of a heritage house: a case study

The paper describes the long-term monitoring of the hygrothermal performance of the building envelope of a heritage house located in Ottawa. The house, once the residence of two of Canada's Prime Ministers, now serves as a museum. To preserve the historical artifacts within the building, the specified temperature and relative humidity (RH) for the indoor air are 21°C and 35% to 50%, respectively. As the house must also be preserved, there was concern about the effect of the high indoor RH (moisture) on the durability of the building structure. The main objective of the monitoring was to assess the effect of the conditioned air on the building envelope. Selected wall sections and a window were continuously monitored from March 1995 to August 1996. The monitoring included indoor and outdoor conditions and the attic environment. Temperature, RH, surface wetting–drying cycles (from precipitation or condensation), and air-pressure differential were monitored. This paper describes the monitoring approach and results. The results indicated that the brick walls are unlikely to experience internal condensation problems as long as they are subjected to a negative air pressure difference. However, because the building is quite leaky, the negative pressure introduced too much cold dry air from the exterior. It caused localized cold spots with condensation and ice formation on interior of walls and ceiling. Negative air pressure differences are not a solution unless the leakage paths are reduced.     

基于塑造城市文化的历史文化遗产保护

本文通过对河南省新野县总体规划中城市文化环境塑造的分析,提出了基于城市文化的历史文化遗产保护对于城市的重要性,并针对此类规划进行了研究,总结了相应的特点和规划经验。     

浅谈工业遗产地的文化情境

主要以在城市更新中的工业遗产地为研究对象,阐述了城市文化情境的含义,并探析了工业遗产地的文化情境,指出应充分尊重工业遗产地中独特的文化遗产资源,融入城市的公共空间和公共生活中,同时使城市的历史文化得到延续.     

Bennett house: Aboriginal heritage as real estate in East Perth

Abstract

As the mansions materialised in refurbished East Perth on the Swan River, a battle between the East Perth Redevelopment Authority and Perth's indigenous community over a land swap culminated in demolition of a heritage building significant to the Stolen Generations. This case study unravels the complex relations and practices underpinning Bennett House's demolition, resonant of other planning decisions involving Aboriginal sites in Western Australia.     

Mediality and materiality in religious performance: religion as heritage in mauritius

ABSTRACT

In Mauritius, religious performance often doubles as officially recognized diasporic heritage, institutionalized as a component of Mauritians' “ancestral cultures.” Such forms of religious expression not only point to a source of authority outside Mauritius but also play a key role in legitimizing claims on Mauritian citizenship. In this article, I examine two kinds of practices that help to instantiate religious links as heritage: ritual performance combined with the cultivation of “ancestral language” in the context of a Hindu pilgrimage and the role of sound reproduction techniques in popularizing a particular genre of Islamic devotional poetry. I argue that these embodied and material practices illustrate two contrasting modes of engaging with spatially and temporally removed sources of authenticity. While the pilgrimage aims at naturalizing diasporic links through their objectification and iconization, uses of sound reproduction technology in Islamic devotional contexts establish links to sources of religious authority under the assumption that the medium used is relatively transparent. Ultimately, the modalities of materiality presupposed in the ethnographic examples account for the authenticating effect of religion as heritage.     

浅谈古建筑修复、改造中的防火设计

阐述了古建筑修复、改造工程的类型、特点及其历史文化内涵 ,指出当前消防设计和消防审核工作存在的问题 ,强调在古建筑修复、改造工程中必须兼顾建筑的原始风格和消防安全。     

在历史文化街区的保护规划中传承非物质文化遗产

根据历史文化街区保护规划实践,在古镇发展与保护所面临的核心问题上,为寻求理想与现实的契合点,提出几点思考：一是如何在保护历史文化街区风貌的同时,为历史文化街区提供协调、充足的发展空间;二是在历史文化街区的保护规划中传承非物质文化遗产,应坚持的哪些原则;三是如何从不同的层面保护历史文化街区的传统风貌;四是如何以城市控制性规划管理的手段保持街区风格。