住宅太阳热水器的技术经济性分析

以福州地区典型气象年逐时气象数据为基础,对平板型太阳热水器的热性能进行逐时模拟。利用综合能源价格法,分析集热器面积对太阳热水器经济性的影响,并比较各类热水器的技术经济性。在当前能源价格体系下,集热器面积为8.5m~2时,系统的年平均太阳能保证率最大(为67.72%);集热器面积为4m~2时,综合能源价格现值最小(为0.283$/kWh),此时系统的年平均太阳能保证率为62.65%。     

壁挂式太阳能热水器在住宅中的应用

结合工程实例，介绍了平板集热器、直流真空管、U型真空管和热管真空管在建筑物西立面外挂墙的对比研究及应用，并对平板型集热器的节能潜力进行分析，探讨了太阳能建筑节能的相关内容、实现技术及其可持续发展道路。     

家用太阳热水器的经济性分析

根据所定义的“综合能源价格”，采用与常规热顺进行定量比较的方法，对影响太阳热水器经济性的主要因素进行了分析，提出了针对一定使用条件，使得太阳热水器具备经济竞争力的价格范围。     

昆明地区阳台壁挂式太阳能热水器的水量配比

利用所建立的数学模型,基于昆明典型气象数据,对应用在昆明地区的阳台壁挂式平板型太阳能热水器的水量配比进行了计算。按方位角为0°的计算结果显示,月均、季均和年均水量配比随倾角的增大逐渐减小。当方位角为10~90°时,3~9月与10~翌年2月,倾角60~90°所对应的月均水量配比的方位角因子分别为0.66~1.00与0.52~0.99。当方位角≤20°时,方位角对季均和年均水量配比的影响约为5%。春、夏、秋3季的水量配比和年均水量配比的方位角因子为0.73~1.00;冬季水量配比的方位角因子为0.58~0.99。当方位角≤50°时,春、夏、秋3季和年均水量配比的方位角因子为0.90~1.00;当方位角≤30°时,冬季水量配比的方位角因子为0.90~0.99;此时方位角对水量配比的影响小于10%。     

太阳能热水器节能效益和环境效益浅析

分析了应用太阳能热水器的意义及所产生的节能效益和环境效益。     

用投资偿还年限法对太阳能热水器的经济性分析

介绍了对太阳能热水器的经济性进行分析的投资偿还年限法,并用此法计算了三种太阳能热水器的投资回收年限。     

太阳能热水器节能减排效果显著

我国太阳能热水器近几年来得到快速发展。2006年全国总产量达1800万m~2(相当于12600MW_(th)),总保有量为9000万m~2(相当于63000MW_(th)),分别占世界总量的75%和60%以上,居世界之首位(见表1、表2)。2007年产品的增长率仍保持在27～30%,而     

太阳能热水器和天然气热水器联合供热系统

太阳能热水器和燃气热水器联合供热系统,可解决太阳能热水器冬季无法使用的问题。以家庭为单位分析比较了燃气热水器、电热水器和联合供热系统的能耗及经济性,发现联合供热系统节能效果明显,经济效益显著,具有较高的推广价值。     

直膨式太阳能热泵热水器及其热经济性分析

介绍了直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水器(DX-SAHPWH)的基本结构和工作原理.计算了直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水器、空气源热泵热水器、太阳能热水器、电热水器和燃气热水器的运行能耗.分析了直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水器的市场潜力、经济性以及社会效益.几种热水器比较结果表明,直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水器能耗最小,运行费仅为电热水器的1/3,燃气热水器的1/2,空气源热泵热水器的415;与电热水器相比,使用直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水器,户均年运行费可减少约1500元,2年左右即可回收额外的初投资.直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水器与空气源热泵热水器的市场价格相当.由于其节能、环保、安全等,自身优势明显,预期该热水器应用前景广阔.     

Refrigerant-charged integrated solar water heater

The performance of two R-11-charged integrated solar water heater collectors was investigated experimentally for forced and natural circulation water flows. The heat transfer from the refrigerant loop to the hot water storage tank took place through a condenser of novel design integrated within the collector frame. The effect of the condenser inclination on the system efficiency was remarkable for natural circulation water flow but had no significant effect for forced circulation flow. The difference in thermal response between the refrigerant and water loops caused buildup of stored energy in the condenser. This energy affected the buoyancy forces and generated flow pulsation that caused a harmonic-like variation of the system efficiency. This effect vanished with forced water circulation flow. The system efficiency varied between 20 and 50% depending on the solar insolation.     

复合式太阳能空调/热水综合系统研究

将常规压缩制冷技术与太阳能热水器技术、除湿冷却技术相结合 ,提出了一个复合式太阳能空调 热水系统方案 ,并进行了可行性分析。该系统不仅可以进行冷凝热回收 ,节能效果明显 ,而且对高热、高湿地区以及气候变化有很强的适应性     

家用太阳热水器与太阳热水系统的技术经济比较

分析了户用太阳热水器和太阳热水系统工程的经济技术特点,对两者成本构成、项目财务净现值、投入回收期和财务内部收益率等有关指标进行了经济技术比较.分析比较表明,太阳热水系统与家用热水器相比,节省安装占地,与建筑相结合得好,在降低成本,缩短投资回收期,提高经济效益方面有明显的优势.     

真空管式太阳热水器得热量的实验研究

对某型号真空管式太阳热水器进行多天的热性能测试,采用最小二乘法拟合出太阳热水系统能量方程系数,求出该型号太阳热水器的能量方程,同时进行误差和敏感性分析,指导试验设计.     

An experimental investigation into the performance of a domestic forced circulation solar water heater under varying operating conditions

An experimental investigation is carried out on a forced circulation solar water heater to assess its performance under various operating conditions. The system consisted of two identical collectors of total absorber area of 3.45 m² and a storage tank of 200 litre capacity. Experiments were carried out during clear days with and without system loading for two water mass flow rates through the collector; namely 0.1305 kg/s and 0.06525 kg/s. The system was operated without thermostat control and with thermostat control at maximum and minimum settings. The collector efficiency improved with system loading. The improvement was better with increased hot water withdrawal from the system.     

The performance of a cylindrical solar water heater

A cylindrical solar water heater is designed and manufactured in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bahrain. It consists of a cylindrical tube made from high quality glass having a length of 0.8, 0.14 m outer diameter and a thickness of 6 mm. A copper coil tube in the shape of spiral rings, with the tube inner diameter of 2 mm and outer diameter of 3.175 mm, painted black, serves as a collector to the incident solar energy on the cylinder wall. The thermal performance was evaluated extensively throughout the months of March and April 2002; a maximum temperature difference of 27.8 °C between inlet and outlet of the solar water heater at a mass flow rate of 9 kg/h was achieved. The efficiency of the cylindrical solar water heater was calculated. The maximum value during the experimental period was found to be 41.8%. This reveals a good capability of the system to convert solar energy to heat which can be used for heating water. An economic analysis has reveals that the cylindrical solar water heater compared with the flat plate collector is cost effective.     

智能型太阳能热水器控制系统设计

通过对市场上太阳能热水器进行调查,发现了其中存在的共同缺陷:在给太阳能水箱上水过程中,电磁阀始终处于通电状态,造成额外的电能消耗,同时缩短电磁阀的使用寿命。为了解决该问题,对电磁阀的结构进行了深入细致的分析,并对电磁阀的结构进行了改进,设计出使用脉冲驱动双线圈电磁阀通断的自动供水控制系统模式。通过长时间的实验证明,该控制系统对于延长电磁阀的使用寿命和节能环保方面,都具有重要的现实意义。     

Thermal analysis of compact solar water heater under local climatic conditions

Extensive experimental studies on a compact solar water heater were carried out, in order to evaluate the performance of the heater and determine the optimal depth of the storage tank. The experiments were conducted for tank depths of 5, 10 and 15 cm with single and double glazing. Experimental results show that a temperature rise of about 68 °C during the month of July at storage tank depth of 10 cm can be achieved by the heater. The 10 cm depth of the tank is optimum which can supply hot water for 24 h. The rise of water temperature is slightly higher in the case of single glazing than the double glazed system, while the double glazed system is more effective in retaining higher temperatures during night hours.     

Effect of thermal trap on the performance of an underground shallow solar pond water heater

A simple analysis of an underground shallow solar pond water heater has been presented. The effect of a thermal trap at the top of the system has also been incorporated in the analysis. Using the model, the effect of various system parameters, viz. thermal trap thickness, heat capacity of water mass, flow rate and duration of flow rate have been studied in detail. Numerical calculations have been made for a typical winter day at New Delhi (India). It is concluded that the system with thermal trap gives better performance in comparison with a system with a movable insulation system.