基于GEP算法的遥感数字图像匹配

基因表达式程序设计（简称GEP）是一种新型的遗传算法,它继承了遗传程序设计（简称GP）和遗传算法（简称GA）的优点并且具有更高效和更强的搜索能力,是借鉴生物选择和进化机制发展起来的一种高度并行、随机、自适应的搜索算法。特别适合于处理像遥感数字图像这样复杂和非线性的问题,尤其是遥感图像匹配问题更是用普通方法难以解决,介绍表达式程序设计,实现GEP算法在遥感数字图像匹配中的函数发现。     

一种改进遗传算法在旅行商(TSP)问题中的应用

遗传算法（GA）是一种基于自然群体遗传机制的高效搜索算法，由于它在搜索空间中同时考虑许多点。这样就减少了收敛于局极小的可能，同时也增加了处理的并行性。因此，可以利用遗传算法研究典型的组合优化实例－TSP问题的求解问题。本文采用了启发式三交叉算子并提出了一种全新的变异算子，使得收敛速度更快，能更有效的解决TSP问题。     

遗传算法在混合H_2/H_∞优化控制设计中的应用

介绍了现已成为关键智能计算之一的一种新的全局优化搜索算法—遗传算法，并探讨了在混合Ｈ２／Ｈ∞最优指标下优化控制设计中的应用。其最大特点是：本质并行、全局优化，它不要求目标函数连续和可微，比梯度法和随机搜索算法更适合于ＰＩＤ混合Ｈ２／Ｈ∞优化问题。     

基于定向爬山的遗传算法

爬山法是一种局部搜索能力相当好的算法,主要是因为它是通过个体的优劣信息来引导搜索的。而传统的遗传算法作为一种全局搜索算法,在搜索过程中却没有考虑个体间的信息,而仅依靠个体适应度来引导搜索,使得算法的收敛性受到限制。将定向爬山机制应用于遗传算法,提出了一种基于定向爬山的遗传算法（OHCGA）。该算法结合了爬山法与遗传算法的优点,通过比较个体的优劣,使用定向爬山操作引导算法向更优秀的解区域进行搜索。实验结果表明,与传统遗传算法（TGA）相比,OHCGA较大地提高了算法的收敛速度和搜索最优解的能力。     

伪并行遗传算法及其在桥梁维修管理优化中的应用

遗传算法（Genetic algorithms,简称GA）是模拟生物在自然环境中的遗传和进化过程而形成的一种全局优化概率搜索算法。但该算法有时存在着早熟现象,导致搜索过早收敛,无法得到全局最优解。为此,分析伪并行遗传算法的优缺点,探讨用伪并行遗传算法（pseudo parallel genetic algorithm,简称PPGA）求最优桥梁维修管理计划的解的可能性,并用于桥梁维修管理计划的优化。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和GA相比,具有较快的收敛速度,为桥梁维修管理提出了新的方法。     

混合算法求解VRP问题

车辆路径问题（VRP）是典型的复杂组合优化问题,也是一个求解非常困难的NP难问题。对于大规模的VRP问题,一般采用近似算法来进行求解。通过采用一种基于遗传算法和禁忌搜索算法的混合算法,结合两者的优点,既克服了遗传算法爬山能力差的缺点,又克服了禁忌搜索算法的对初值的依赖性,使得算法能够更快更准的收敛到最优解。     

网页设计中的面向对象编程技术

动态超文本标志语言（DHTML）并非仅仅是增强了网页中的动画效果，更重要的是它将面向对象（0bject-riented）的程序设计思想明确地引入到了网页的设计中，从而使网页的设计更灵活，更具动态和交互特性。文中结合示例详细介绍了如何运用面向对象思想设计功能完善、独具特色的网页。     

用于块匹配运动估值的正方形-菱形搜索算法

运动估值在视频图像编码中占有重要地位，该文首先研究了运动估值中的经典搜索算法并重点分析了菱形（DS）算法；然后设计了一种新的综合模板（SDP），它体现了粗定位和准确定位并行处理的思想，在此基础上提出了一种新的用于块匹配的运动估值搜索算法－－正方形－菱形搜索（SDS）算法。最后通过实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

Delphi中面向对象程序设计思想

面向对象的程序设计（object Oriented Programming，简称OOP，亦有译为物件导向）．指一种程序设计范型，同时也是一种程序开发的方法论。与结构化程序设计比较，面向对象程序设计更易于实现对现实世界的描述，而且能够大幅度的提高软件项目的成功率，减少日后的维护费用。提高软件的可移植性和可靠性。     

神经网的遗传学习算法

遗传算法（ＧｅｎｅｔｉｃＡｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍ）来自于遗传学和达尔文学说，主要应用于优化问题和规则的获取。它也是一种模拟进化的程序设计方法。在本文提出了神经网的遗传学习算法，通过一个种群进化的例子来说明遗传学习算法的有效性并获得了一些有意义的结果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.