世界钢铁100强的启示

进入90年代中期以来,全球钢铁工业发展的主要特征之一,是国际性及地区性大型钢铁骨干企业结构重组进展迅速,开始了一系列的企业兼并与合并。兼并的对象既有大型钢铁联合企业,也有小型、特别是专业化程度高的钢厂;或者是两大钢铁企业之间的合并或建立“战略同盟”。其目的在于扩大产量、占领市场。开发技术。拓宽产品范围,一句话,增强企业在国际市场的竞争力。钢铁企业的合并重组愈演愈烈国际钢铁协会公布的1999年世界钢铁企业排行榜,再一次反映出全球钢铁工业兼并。联合的发展趋势。位居世界大型钢铁企业排行榜第1位的仍是韩国浦项…     

联合 整合 融合——上海宝钢集团联合重组的历程

世界钢铁产业发展史表明,通过企业间的兼并重组,适度提高产业集中度是钢铁工业走向成熟的必由之路。中国钢铁工业要想提升竞争能力,获得持续发展,必须走联合重组之路,通过优势企业收购、兼并落后企业,展开优化重组并淘汰落后,才能在根本上实现我国从钢铁大国到钢铁强国的转变。宝钢是中国钢铁业联合重组的先行者,早在1998年,就在原宝钢的基础上,与上海冶金、梅山联合重组成立上海宝钢集团公司。回望走过的七年历程,宝钢经历了从联合到整合再到融合的发展阶段,取得了骄人的业绩。一、联合联合重组前宝钢、上海冶金、梅山三家企业的总资产1344…     

抢抓资本运作机遇 推动企业跨越式发展——对原唐钢、宣钢、承钢战略性重组后资本运作回顾

钢铁工业是现代化国家的重要基础产业和国民经济的支柱产业。从世界钢铁工业发展看：全球化趋势愈来愈明显,联合重组趋势更加突出。为了最有效利用资源与市场、提高企业竞争力,世界钢铁工业的改造、联盟、兼并重组步伐在加快,中国钢铁工业也将顺应世界钢铁工业发展潮流。国家“十一五”规划提出,到“十一五”末中国将诞生2000万-3000万吨的钢铁企业。     

“十一五”期间我国钢铁工业发展的任务

按照国家“十一五”发展规划纲要的要求，优化结构、转变增长方式是钢铁工业发展面临的重大战略性任务。主要内容包括：合理控制生产规模，加快淘汰落后工艺、装备和产品，提高钢铁产品的档次和质量；推进企业跨地区联合重组，建成若干个具有国际竞争力的大型企业集团，提高全行业产业集中度；坚持科技进步和自主创新，积极采用世界先进工艺和技术，实现装备大型化、现代化；降低消耗，改善环境，提高资源回收利用率和资源有效利用率；调整钢铁工业布局，通过兼并联合、搬迁改造、新建扩建等方式，做到产业布局基本合理。     

国际合作战略──我国钢铁工业发展可借鉴的思路

考察８０年代中期以来美国一些钢铁联合企业与外国（主要是日本）携手建立合资企业的动因与效果。这种合作既可融入外国资金，又使美国企业技术与管理水平得以提高，还为钢铁工业的下游行业提供高质量钢铁产品。我国也可借鉴国际合作战略，以利于建立较大规模的合资企业。生产高档钢材并推动钢铁工业的加速发展。     

冶金期刊文摘

治金 钢铁工业能源结构与节能[刊]／张有礼//中国冶金-2006（10）-1-3 钢铁工业用能结构是以煤为主，炼铁系统能耗占钢铁联合企业总能耗的70％左右，降低能耗。提高二次能源的回收率和能源转换率。对于提升钢铁工业的竞争力有重大意义。。     

美国、澳大利亚钢铁工业发展概况

冶金部访问小组应邀于1991年8月访问了美国和澳大利亚,与美、澳几个重要的钢铁企业、铁矿交流了关于钢铁工业的发展战略和技术进步情况。 1.美国、澳大利亚钢铁工业的发展战略和技术进步状况整个80年代美国钢铁工业经历了一个十分严峻的时期。大型钢铁联合企业面临国内外竞争者在质最和成本方面的优势以及国内小型钢铁厂的崛起所产生的压力,有的被迫破产,有的通过彻底改组,摆脱了困境,重新获得了竞争能力和市场地位,走上新的发展阶段。美国钢铁公司(美钢联)是     

我国钢铁工业所面临的选择

我国虽是世界第一产钢大国，但与钢铁强国之间，无论在产品结构上、装备水平上、吨钢综合能耗上差距甚在。因此，我国钢铁工业面临的选择；只有积极进行钢铁产品结构的调整；钢铁企业进行兼并，淘汰一批，改造一批，增强企业实力；无论是老企业改造，还是新厂建设都应积极采用起点高，技术含量高的新工艺、新技术、新装备，而且应使工艺流程先进。     

国外钢铁企业兼并合作及其启示

一百多年来全球十大钢厂排行榜的演变,反映出了全球钢铁工业兼并、联合的发展趋势。全球十大钢厂的演变,可分为3个历程:第一阶段,美国钢厂独领风骚。二十世纪初美国历史上的第一次“收购和兼并”浪潮,造就了世界第一钢厂———美国钢铁公司。起步较早的美国钢铁业使钢铁盛世绵延了70年,期间,美国钢厂不仅独霸全球前三位,且十大钢厂中占有六席。第二阶段,1970年起日本钢厂异军突起。1970年日本新日铁通过合并重组,首度跃居世界头号大钢厂,正式宣告日本钢铁业黄金时代来临,最高峰时,曾有新日铁、川崎、住友等钢厂跻身十强榜内。第三阶段,90年…     

关于我国企业兼并重组的若干思考

一、我国企业兼并重组的现实意义1．从国际上看，新一轮企业兼并重组热潮的出现是企业在全球经济结构和产业结构急剧变化的新形势下实施的一项战略行动近年来，国际上掀起新一轮企业集团兼并重组的热潮。据美国证券资讯公司对10个主要国家1997年企业并购所作的调查显示，1997年     

Deformation consolidation of metal powders containing steel inclusions

Uniaxial consolidation experiments have been conducted at room temperature for two deformable metal powders (1100 Al and Pb5%Sb) containing various amounts of spherical steel inclusions. The experiments illustrate that the inclusion phase offers little constraint to matrix deformation at volume fractions <0.20, but produces a rapidly increasing constraint at larger volume fractions. Two constraining mechanisms have been identified through microstructural observations: (1) the matrix must be deformed more within the composite because of the excluded volume associated with the packing of particles and inclusions of different sizes, and (2) the inclusions form a continuous touching network (predicted with site percolation theory and direct observations of deformation flats on the steel spheres) which supports a portion of the applied stress and thus, partially “shields” the deformable phase from the total applied consolidation pressure. An analysis is presented to separate the contributions of each mechanism and shows that both mechanisms contribute comparable amounts to the constraint of matrix consolidation. It is suggested that because the inclusion network supports a significant portion of the applied pressure and releases its elastic strain in a non-linear manner (as described by Hertzian theory), the matrix is placed in tension when the applied pressure is released after consolidation.     

Hot isostatic pressing of near net shape components – process fundamentals and future challenges

Abstract

The technology of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has been used for the consolidation of metal and ceramic powders for many years. About 25% of the entire HIP capacity in industry can be assigned to the production of PM products, more than 50% relating to the densification of cast and sintered components. Within the PM related activities, semi-finished tool steel products and near net shape (NNS) components have the biggest market shares and the highest growth rates.     

铸锭用陶瓷过滤器的研制

研制出三种过滤器材质配方,此三种材质具有很好的化学稳定性、热震稳定性和常温、高温强度;设计制造出生产试验用过滤器。经生产试用可成功地过滤13.3t 铝镇静钢,能有效地降低钢锭中的非金属夹杂物。     

Evolution of submicrocrystalline iron containing dispersed oxides under mechanical milling followed by consolidation

The structural changes in an Fe-0.6 pct O alloy during mechanical milling followed by consolidation through rolling were studied. The iron-iron oxide powders were mechanically milled in an argon atmosphere for various times from 20 to 300 hours. The powders were then canned into a steel pipe and multiple rolled at 700 °C for consolidation. The microstructure of the final product depended significantly on the milling time. The volume fraction of the dispersed oxides (10 nm in diameter) increased from about 0.3 to 2.5 pct when the milling time was increased from 20 to 300 hours. The relatively short milling time of 20 hours resulted in the evolution of elongated grains (an average size of about 1.2 μm) with a large fraction of low-angle grain boundaries after consolidation. In contrast, much finer grains (about 0.2 μm in size) with a near random grain-boundary misorientation distribution evolved in the samples milled for 300 hours.     

PC钢棒用钢的试验和开发

通过对PC钢棒的生产工艺分析与研究,合理设计其牌号,找到控制PC钢棒产品实物质量的主要因素,开辟了含As铁水冶炼PC钢棒钢的范例.     

The time course of consolidation in visual working memory.

How long does it take to form a durable representation in visual working memory? Several theorists have proposed that this consolidation process is very slow. Here, we measured the time course of consolidation. Observers performed a change-detection task for colored squares, and shortly after the presentation of the first array, pattern masks were presented at the locations of each of the colored squares to disrupt representations that had not yet been consolidated. Performance on the memory task was impaired when the delay between the colored squares and the masks was short, and this effect became larger when the number of colored squares was increased. The rate of consolidation was approximately 50 ms per item, which is considerably faster than previous proposals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Lessons Learned from Field and Laboratory Testing of a DBR Project

Where faulting takes place due to the absence of dowel bars and inadequate subbase support in jointed concrete pavement (JCP), dowel bar retrofit (DBR) is used to improve load transfer efficiency (LTE) and to prevent further faulting of slabs at transverse joints. Even though DBR generally improves LTEs and overall performance of JCPs, not all DBR projects have been successful. Faulting reoccurred within 2?years after DBR treatment on US59 in Texas. An investigation from the cores taken in the project revealed excessive voids under a dowel bar due to poor consolidation of the grouting material. A laboratory investigation was performed to determine the most critical factors for adequate consolidation of grouting materials in DBR. Typical rapid-setting grout materials widely used in DBR were selected and full-scale specimens were made for evaluations. Four testing variables for consolidation performance were investigated: time of placement after mixing, vibration time, slot width, and maximum aggregate size. Maximum aggregate size and slot width were not critical factors for consolidation performance of grout. The most significant factor was vibration time. Twenty s of vibration is recommended. Placement time was also an important factor, with grout materials placed after initial set performing poorly. Delayed placement of grout materials without vibration led to the most voids under the dowel bars.     

树脂复合轻质夹层钢板弯曲成形性的数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元软件模拟分析了树脂复合轻质极的弯曲成形性能.轻质板是夹层板,弯曲过程中,外层钢板易产生相对错动量.因此对轻质板内部的应力应变状态进行分析,研究模具参数和板料的复合结构以及中间层树脂的材料参数对错动量的影响,同时对弯曲后的回弹和剪切应力的情况进行了分析.     

纯净钢及其生产工艺的发展

分析了杂质在钢中的行为和引发的钢材缺陷,总结了纯净度对钢材力学性能和使用性能的影响。根据对脱磷工艺的控制,提出了两种纯净钢生产工艺：（１）铁水“三脱”纯净钢生产工艺;（２）钢水精炼纯净钢生产工艺。通过技术比较,铁水“三脱”工艺生产效率高,过程温度损失小,辅畏料和耐火材料消耗低,流程简单,控制容易,冶炼周期短,可用时生产直低Ｐ、Ｎ钢种,适合转炉工厂采用。     

粉尘冷固结球团高温复合粘接机理研究

先以布袋灰、电炉灰、焦粉、水泥制成冷固结球团,进行高温自还原试验。再以纯水泥试样进行差热试验。最后以纯试剂四氧化三铁和石墨粉,配加纯氧化铝粉末并且不添加粘结剂制成的冷固结球团进行自还原试验。通过检测其抗压强度、扫描电子显微镜-能谱分析等方法分析了粉尘冷固结球团高温复合粘接机理,研究表明:低温下粉尘冷固结球团的强度主要靠水泥粘结相保证,随着温度升高,水泥逐渐失效,在1 000℃后金属铁连晶开始生成,并成为主要粘结相,未熔固态成渣物质对金属铁连晶的形成具有负面的影响,当其含量超过15%时就会对金属体连晶的形成产生显著的影响。