基于QoS的规划选择和构建

当Web服务技术已成为企业间或企业内部系统间,服务发布和共享的首选方式。web服务与Agent结合代表了web服务技术的发展方向之一。服务Agent能够管理一组密切相关的Web服务,并智能化地向外界提供综合的、集成的服务功能。服务Agent内部的规划集合体现了其服务能力。定义了规划的种类、基于目标本体的语义模型和基于ECA规则的语法模型;设计并实现了基于本体推理的目标匹配和基于QoS的规划选择,提出了基于QoS的抽象规划构建;介绍了一个实例和系统实现方法。     

基于领域本体的可信服务组合

针对现有Web服务组合方法缺乏对服务自身属性信任问题的深入考虑,服务组合过程可信需求无法得到保障,提出了一种基于领域本体的可信Web服务组合方法。将服务的非功能属性分为服务质量、服务信任和服务上下文三个主要方面,并采用本体构建工具Protégé构建原子服务本体,利用推理机FaCT++对原始服务集进行本体推理过滤;引入了融合本体推理过滤的Web服务架构;提出了基于层次任务网络(hierarchical tasknetwork,HTN)规划法的可信服务组合算法。仿真实验表明:与传统的组合方法相比,该方法可有效提高服务组合的效率和成功率。     

服务Agent的设计与实现

在服务计算领域,相同功能的服务往往有多个不同的选择。针对同类服务的管理和选择问题,在BDI Agent的基础上,提出了一种服务Agent的结构定义,用以支持服务的运行时动态绑定;设计并实现了基于会话的约束求解服务Agent协商协议;实现了支持服务Agent建模的可视化工具;最后介绍一个应用实例。     

基于情境面向Web服务的软件安全中间件模型

针对动态、开放的环境,提出了一种基于情境面向Web服务的软件安全中间件模型.该模型通过定义策略规则,使Agent在不中断Web服务运行的情况下,动态调整用户的访问控制.通过对用户及Web服务的情境信息的收集和管理,使得Agent在决策用户的访问控制时,能够动态地适应环境变化.基于该软件安全中间件模型,提出了一种基于规则和本体的策略语言ReiC及其相应的混合推理机制,弥补了单一规则和本体在构建知识库方面能力的不足.     

一种基于本体和Agent的网格服务发现机制

在动态的网格计算环境中分布着大量不同类型的网格服务。快速、准确地进行网格服务发现是影响网格计算性能的关键因素。本文提出了基于本体和Agent的网格服务发现机制,它具有良好的扩展性和完备性。该模型采用Agent代理技术进行服务搜索,不同的代理能够提供不同虚拟组织的本体知识库;利用本体论语义进行服务的匹配,从而实现智能化的服务发现。     

基于推理和相似度计算的语义Web服务匹配策略

将本体的概念引入Web服务提升了服务的语义表达能力和发现能力,传统的语义Web服务匹配主要有基于推理和基于本体相似度计算两种方式.基于推理的服务匹配较容易实现,具有稳定的查准率和较高的运行效率,但同一级结果间不能进一步区分结果的匹配度.基于相似度计算的服务发现可以精确地描述结果与查询条件的匹配程度,便于用户比较,但实现较为复杂,并且在最坏情况下有糟糕的响应时间.在基于推理的服务匹配策略的基础上,提出了一种带有语义相似度计算的服务匹配策略,并用一个书籍领域本体的匹配实例进行了说明.     

基于数据流图本体的Web服务自动集成方法

提出一种基于本体的数据流图建模方法,能够为.服务请求动态集成Web服务.该方法利用本体建模及其可推理能力,通过对数据流图的描述实现领域业务逻辑建模,然后基于该描述给出了一个有效的服务集成推理算法,并着重分析基于该方法的软件体系设计.与现有的方法相比,该方法直接把软件工程分析成果应用到服务的自动地集成与部署中,同时保证了服务的可行性和质量.     

基于语义的服务混合匹配方法研究

为了提高Web服务匹配的效率和灵活性,提出了一种基于语义的Web服务混合匹配方法。该方法首先扩展了服务的功能描述模型,并基于该扩展模型进行混合服务匹配。混合匹配方法联合使用了两种匹配策略：基于推理的匹配策略,通过本体概念的逻辑关系实现匹配;基于相似性计算的策略,通过本体概念间相似度计算进行服务的匹配。在服务匹配过程中,首先使用基于推理的匹配策略将服务分成4个匹配等级,然后,采用基于相似性计算的匹配策略对候选服务进行进一步地匹配。实验结果表明该方法是可行而有效的。     

多Chord环境下基于规则的服务推荐

传统的服务发布和搜索难以支持语义表示和服务推理。针对该问题,提出一种基于概念划分和规则推理的服务推荐方法,通过服务分类本体的构建、Chord网络与服务分类本体的动态映射以及本体规则推理,动态生成服务推荐关系,实现服务的语义扩展查询以及对潜在需求业务的服务推荐。实验结果证明,该方法具有较高的查全率和查询效率。     

基于本体和语义Web服务的供应链知识集成

运用本体论、语义Web、Web服务和多Agent等技术研究供应链系统知识集成的方法，提出了一个基于本体和语义Web服务的多Agent供应链知识集成架构，讨论了供应链系统中基于语义Web服务的智能服务机制和基于元本体和共享本体的多Agent协作方法。     

Trust ontologies for e‐service environments

In this article, we introduce trust ontologies. An ontology represents a set of concepts that are commonly shared and agreed to by all parties in a particular domain. Here, we introduce generic and specific trust ontologies. These ontologies include the following: an agent trust ontology and trustworthiness; agents include sellers, service providers, Web sites, brokers, shops, suppliers, buyers, or reviewers. A services trust ontology and trustworthiness assists in measuring the quality of service that agents provide in the service‐oriented environment such as sales, orders, track and trace, warehousing, logistics, education, governance, advertising, entertainment, trading, online databases, virtual community services, security, information services, opinions, and e‐reviews. A goods or products trust ontology and trustworthiness is useful for measuring the quality of products such as commercial products, information products, entertainment products, or second‐hand products. We present a trust ontology that is suitable for all types of agents that exist in the service‐oriented environment. As agent trust is measured through the quality of goods and services, we introduce two additional distinct concepts of service trust ontology and product trust ontology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 22: 519–545, 2007.     

Using asymmetric keys in a certified trust model for multiagent systems

We present a contribution based on encryption to the model for the certification of trust in multiagent systems. The originality of the proposal remains in the use of asymmetric keys that allow the local storage of testimonies with the service agents that were assessed. The aim is to raise the level of efficiency that client agents have when contracting specialized service agents. To reach this objective we make three hypotheses: (i) client agents are able to measure and inform the quality of a service they receive from a service agent; (ii) distributed certificate control is possible if every service agent stores the certificates it receives from its client agents and, (iii) the content of a certificate can be considered safe as long as the public and private keys used to encrypt the certificate remain safe. This approach reduces some weak points of trust models that rely on the direct interaction between service and client agents (direct trust) or those that rely on testimony obtained from client agents (propagated trust). Simulation showed that encrypted certificates of trust improved the efficiency of client agents when choosing their service provider agents. The reason seems to be that the reputation of a given service provider agent is based on the reputation it has among the totality of client agents that used its services.     

Engineering trust alignment: Theory,method and experimentation

In open multi-agent systems trust models are an important tool for agents to achieve effective interactions. However, in these kinds of open systems, the agents do not necessarily use the same, or even similar, trust models, leading to semantic differences between trust evaluations in the different agents. Hence, to successfully use communicated trust evaluations, the agents need to align their trust models. We explicate that currently proposed solutions, such as common ontologies or ontology alignment methods, lead to additional problems and propose a novel approach. We show how the trust alignment can be formed by considering the interactions that agents share and describe a mathematical framework to formulate precisely how the interactions support trust evaluations for both agents. We show how this framework can be used in the alignment process and explain how an alignment should be learned. Finally, we demonstrate this alignment process in practice, using a first-order regression algorithm, to learn an alignment and test it in an example scenario.     

Honesty and trust revisited: the advantages of being neutral about other’s cognitive models

Open distributed systems pose a challenge to trust modelling due to the dynamic nature of these systems (e.g., electronic auctions) and the unreliability of self-interested agents. The majority of trust models implicitly assume a shared cognitive model for all the agents participating in a society, and thus they treat the discrepancy between information and experience as a source of distrust: if an agent states a given quality of service, and another agent experiences a different quality for that service, such discrepancy is typically assumed to indicate dishonesty, and thus trust is reduced. Herein, we propose a trust model, which does not assume a concrete cognitive model for other agents, but instead uses the discrepancy between the information about other agents and its own experience to better predict the behavior of the others. This neutrality about other agents’ cognitive models allows an agent to obtain utility from lyres or agents having a different model of the world. The experiments performed suggest that this model improves the performance of an agent in dynamic scenarios under certain conditions such as those found in market-like evolving environments.     

A trust-based service suggestion system using human plausible reasoning

Nowadays, there is a growing need to manage trust in open systems as they may contain untrustworthy service providers. Agent Trust Management (ATM) tries to address the problem of finding a set of the most trusted agents in multi agent systems. This paper presents ScubAA, a novel generic ATM framework based on the theory of Human Plausible Reasoning (HPR). For each user’s request, ScubAA determines a ranked list of the most trusted service agents, within the context of the request, and forwards the request to those trusted services only. ScubAA determines an agent’s degree of trust in terms of a single personalized value derived from several types of evidences such as user’s feedback, history of user’s interactions, context of the submitted request, references from third party users as well as from third party service agents, and structure of the society of agents. ScubAA is able to utilize more trust evidences towards a more accurate value of trust. We also propose a function to figure out how similar two users are in a given context. We apply the proposed HPR-based ATM framework to the domain of Web search. The resulting ATM system recommends to the user a list of the most trusted search engines ranked according to the retrieval precision of documents returned in response to the user’s query as well as the degree of trust of the search engines have gained by interacting with other related users within the context of the query. In addition, we conduct a statistical analysis of ScubAA based on ANOVA and by using a data set of forty queries in different domains. This analysis clearly reveals that ScubAA is able to successfully assess the trustworthiness of service agents.     

A rough set-based hypergraph trust measure parameter selection technique for cloud service selection

Selection of trustworthy cloud services has been a major research challenge in cloud computing, due to the proliferation of numerous cloud service providers (CSPs) along every dimension of computing. This scenario makes it hard for the cloud users to identify an appropriate CSP based on their unique quality of service (QoS) requirements. A generic solution to the problem of cloud service selection can be formulated in terms of trust assessment. However, the accuracy of the trust value depends on the optimality of the service-specific trust measure parameters (TMPs) subset. This paper presents TrustCom—a novel trust assessment framework and rough set-based hypergraph technique (RSHT) for the identification of the optimal TMP subset. Experiments using Cloud Armor and synthetic trust feedback datasets show the prominence of RSHT over the existing feature selection techniques. The performance of RSHT was analyzed using Weka tool and hypergraph-based computational model with respect to the reduct size, time complexity and service ranking.     

基于信任QoS增强的网格服务调度算法

针对目前服务网格资源管理中存在的信任机制与调度机制分离的缺陷,基于网格信任模型与信任效益函数,讨论了信任QoS增强的计算服务调度问题．分析传统调度算法的缺陷,提出了基于信任关系的网格服务调度算法．该算法在保证服务性能Qos要求的同时兼顾信任QoS的要求．对基于信任关系的网格服务调度算法性能进行了多角度分析和大规模仿真实验．结果表明:该算法较传统的基于性能QoS的调度启发式和另外两种基于信任Qos的调度启发式而言,不仅具有较优的平均信任效益、总信任效益和较小的最终服务期,而且在失效服务数和系统吞吐率等方面具有较好的综合性能．     

一种基于本体的Web服务信任度计算模型

传统的Web服务信任度计算模型所计算的信任度是一个单独的数值, 缺少必要的上下文信息, 使得信任度表达的含义比较模糊。另外, 以往的计算模型大多局限于单一的管理域中, 管理域之间由于缺乏共同的知识标准而无法进行统一的信任度计算。为此, 提出了基于上下文本体的Web服务信任度计算模型以解决上述问题。本体技术为上下文信息的表达和推理提供了便利, 同时也为不同管理域之间的交互提供了共享知识库。在提出的模型中, 直接以用户关心的上下文信息作为间接信任度计算的重要依据, 在对上下文概念进行语义匹配的基础上, 最终实现跨域的信任度计算。实验结果验证了模型的可行性和有效性。     

Agent与Web服务的集成研究

介绍Web服务和本体的概念,提出一个集成Agent和Web服务的基于本体的智能化Web服务（IWS）框架,通过SOAP协议实现两个Agent之间的KQML通信。