OFDM2认知无线电系统中的非正交主动旁瓣抑制方法

在OFDM-CR系统中,感知用户过大的旁瓣会造成对主用户的干扰,必须抑制．主动干扰抑制方法（AIC ）抑制深度不够,且对OFDM符号的循环前缀（CP ）长度敏感．针对这一问题,本文提出了一种非正交的主动干扰抑制方法（NAIC ）：其干扰抵消子载波（CC ）主要插入在非正交的频率位置上,具有更好的旁瓣抑制效果．并将NAIC与加窗法结合（NAIC-win）,进一步抑制感知用户的旁瓣和减小非正交CC带来的载波间干扰（ICI）．NAIC-win比AIC方法的抑制深度增加50dB ,而引入的ICI几乎可忽略．和EAIC-CP方法比,NAIC-win方法在使用更短的CP、更少CC子载波、更小的ICI条件下,得到更大的旁瓣抑制深度,提高了频带利用率,减小了计算量．理论分析与实验结果表明：NAIC-win方法在OFDM-CR系统旁瓣抑制中优于AIC ,EAIC-CP等方法．     

基于认知无线电的NC-OFDM系统HPA非线性的研究

研究了高功率放大器(HPA)非线性对非连续OFDM(NC-OFDM)信号的影响,给出了基于认知无线电的NC-OFDM系统模型,并仿真分析了主用户(PU)频带干扰温度与NC-OFDM系统HPA参数、频带占用率、子信道间隔、保护载波数量等系统参数的关系,结果表明,HPA的IBO参数和PU频带占用率是决定PU频带干扰的主要因素,而且单纯依靠增加保护载波和子信道间隔对PU频带干扰温度的改善是有限的.所得结论可为NC-OFDM系统中预失真、旁瓣抑制及功率分配等算法的研究提供参考.     

OFDM机会频谱接入的信号频谱成型方法

该文提出两种基于主动干扰消除(AIC)的OFDM机会频谱接入信号频谱成型方法,扩展AIC(EAIC)和EAIC-混合模式(EAIC-H)。在这两种方法中,除了OFDM信号外,系统还主动发送一些抵消信号(EAIC子载波)用来抵消OFDM信号的频谱泄漏在目标频带上形成的干扰。在时域上,这些抵消信号的持续时间比OFDM符号长,从而在干扰抵消方面可以得到比现有方法更好的效果。仿真结果表明EAIC方法可以形成很深的频谱凹槽(大约80 dB),大幅度超过AIC方法。和EAIC方法相比,EAIC-H方法在调制阶数较高的情况下,如64QAM,能够在干扰抵消能力和信噪比损失两个方面取得更好的平衡和折中。     

一种基于递归最小二乘的OFDM系统自适应均衡算法

当循环保护前缀(CP)长度小于信道冲激响应长度时,正交频分复用(OFDM)通信系统的子载波间正交性遭到破坏,接收信号存在符号间干扰(ISI)和子载波间干扰(ICI),普通的频域单抽头均衡器不再适用.为解决这个问题,研究一种基于递归最小二乘(RLS)算法的频域自适应均衡器.理论分析和仿真结果表明,该均衡器能有效消除由于循环前缀不足引起的符号问干扰和子载波间干扰,较好地恢复传输信号.     

时间异步全双工数字域分段卷积自干扰抑制技术

同时同频全双工(CCFD)多载波信号时间异步场景下,有用信号(SoI)与自干扰信号(SI)多径最大时差超出循环前缀长度(CP),有用信号与自干扰信号子载波不正交,造成频域自干扰抑制性能严重下降.针对上述问题,该文提出一种时间异步数字域分段卷积的自干扰抑制方法,建立了自干扰分段、频域重建、叠加抵消的自干扰抑制过程,提升了...     

OFDM系统在保护前缀不足时的频域均衡

当正交频分复用(OFDM)通信系统的循环保护前缀(CP)长度小于信道冲激响应长度时,常采用时域均衡方法消除符号间干扰(ISI)和子载波间干扰(ICI)。但时域均衡器结构复杂,且收敛速度较慢。为此,利用OFDM系统的零子载波信息,设计了一种频域均衡器。该均衡器具有稀疏矩阵结构,因此计算量小。理论分析和计算机仿真表明:它能有效消除由于循环前缀不足引起的符号间干扰和子载波间干扰,从而较好地恢复传输信号。     

认知OFDM系统旁瓣抑制新方法

针对认知正交频分复用(OFDM)系统带外辐射(OBR)严重问题,在研究基于功率谱密度的主动干扰消除算法(PSD-AIC)模型的基础上,提出了动态PSD-AIC的方法,通过对每一子载波位置OBR的计算,比较选择出OBR取值最小处,作为对消子载波的最优位置,显著改善了系统对OBR的抑制性能(增大约10 dB).对比分析了算法的计算开销,研究了设计参数对OBR的影响,提出了实际应用时的参数选择基准.仿真结果和理论分析表明,动态PSD-AIC方法可以显著减小带外干扰.与PSD-AIC方法相比,旁瓣抑制深度可增加约10 dB;与传统AIC方法相比,只需相似计算量,干扰抑制性能便可明显增加.     

基于并行干扰抵消的OFDM/OQAM系统中的信号检测方法

在多径衰落信道中,基于交错正交幅度调制的正交频分复用(OFDM with Offset QAM,OFDM/OQAM)系统使用迫零均衡器进行信号检测时,不能完全消除信道复数特性和滤波器实数正交特性引入的时域符号间干扰和频域子载波间干扰,及信道估计误差导致的误码率性能损失。该文利用对数据初始判决并重构相邻载波及符号间干扰的思想,通过分析采用迫零均衡信号检测时的残余干扰与信道估计误差干扰,提出了一种基于并行干扰抵消和迫零均衡器结合的OFDM/OQAM信号检测方法,并在IEEE 802.22技术标准的两种典型多径衰落信道中进行了计算机仿真与比较研究。仿真结果表明,与基于迫零均衡的检测方法相比,基于并行干扰抵消的迭代信号检测方法在误码率为1%时,可获得1 dB至2 dB的性能提升。     

NC-OFDM的PAPR统计特性分析

NC-OFDM(Non-contiguous OFDM)是基于OFDM的频谱池技术,它是认知无线电主要的数据传输方式,系统地分析了NC-OFDM信号的峰均比(PAPR),由于OFDM信号的PAPR取决于一个符号周期内数据的非周期相关特性,因此推导出NC-OFDM信号的相关函数,并用相关系数对相关性进行度量,提出了当信号的相关系数小于0.08这个门限时,可以近似认为信号不相关,并可以用公式计算PAPR的CCDF。仿真结果证明,当总的子载波个数小于8192,可用子载波个数大于128时,其相关系数都在0.08以下,都可以用公式求其PAPR。     

基于特征子空间的强主瓣干扰抑制方法

当空间中存在大功率主瓣干扰时,传统特征投影类干扰抑制方法存在主瓣峰值偏移、 旁瓣内干扰零陷变浅等问题.针对上述问题,本文提出一种新的基于特征子空间的主瓣干扰抑制方法.首先根据赤池信息准则(AIC)与相关性判别分离主、旁瓣干扰的特征矢量;其次利用特征投影预处理抑制主瓣干扰分量;最后定义新的权矢量赋形方式,在主瓣子空间约束...     

Constellation expanded active interference cancellation technique for suppression of out-of-band radiation in OFDM based cognitive radios

Cognitive radio is a novel technology to address the problem of spectrum under-utilization, by allowing the secondary users to dynamically use the spectrum of the primary users. OFDM is a potential candidate for the physical layer of cognitive radio, due to its inherent features of spectrum shaping, spectrum analysis and robustness to multipath. OFDM based cognitive radio, however suffers from out-of-band radiation (OOBR). In cognitive radio, suppression of OOBR is much more important as the interference to the primary users needs to be kept to the minimum possible level. In the literature, time and frequency characteristics of the transmitted signal have been exploited to minimize the OOBR. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of combining merits of the constellation expansion (CE) technique and the active interference cancellation (AIC) technique for suppression of OOBR. We show through simulations that the joint technique based on CE and AIC achieves much better OOBR reduction, with a slight degradation in error performance.     

A novel out-of-band emission suppression method in future wireless communications employing filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform

In order to achieve flexible configuration and asynchronous transmission of different subbands (SBs), SB filters are utilized in filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (f-OFDM) systems to isolate different SBs efficiently. Nevertheless, the price is the insertion of some intrinsic interference.Therefore, the suppression of the out-of-band emission (OOBE) between SBs is essential for the system performance improvement of f-OFDM. According to the system structure of f-OFDM, an optimization design model based on active interference cancelation (AIC) is proposed in this study, and the optimization design model is solved through second order cone programming. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed AIC algorithm in OOBE suppression is verified by computer simulations. To the whole system, the OOBE suppression also means the decrease of inter-SB interference (ITBI). In addition, the influences of main parameters, such as the number of the cancelation carriers (CCs), on the OOBE suppression performance of the proposed AIC algorithm, are simulated and analyzed. Moreover, some intrinsic characteristics of the proposed algorithm in parameter configuration are revealed in terms of power spectral density (PSD) and bit error ratio (BER).     

基于离散余弦变换的旁瓣对消技术研究

自适应旁瓣对消是一种有效抑制有源干扰的措施。研究了自适应旁瓣对消和合成孔径雷达（SAR）有源遮盖式干扰的基本原理,详细推导了基于离散余弦变换的DCT-LMS频域自适应方法,并将其应用于SAR的旁瓣对消系统中。通过与其他自适应算法的对比实验,证明了DCT-LMS算法兼有收敛速度快,计算量小的优点。最终模拟实际环境中的干扰源,利用SAR的实际数据进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明,DCT-LMS算法能有效地抑制有源干扰噪声,确保SAR接收机正常工作,具有较高的干扰对消比。     

Intercarrier interference self-cancellation scheme for OFDM mobilecommunication systems

For orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems, the frequency offsets in mobile radio channels distort the orthogonality between subcarriers resulting in intercarrier interference (ICI). This paper studies an efficient ICI cancellation method termed ICI self-cancellation scheme. The scheme works in two very simple steps. At the transmitter side, one data symbol is modulated onto a group of adjacent subcarriers with a group of weighting coefficients. The weighting coefficients are designed so that the ICI caused by the channel frequency errors can be minimized. At the receiver side, by linearly combining the received signals on these subcarriers with proposed coefficients, the residual ICI contained in the received signals can then be further reduced. The carrier-to-interference power ratio (CIR) can be increased by 15 and 30 dB when the group size is two or three, respectively, for a channel with a constant frequency offset. Although the redundant modulation causes a reduction in bandwidth efficiency, it can be compensated, for example, by using larger signal alphabet sizes. Simulations show that OFDM systems using the proposed ICI self-cancellation scheme perform much better than standard systems while having the same bandwidth efficiency in multipath mobile radio channels with large Doppler frequencies     

Adaptive subcarrier bandwidth and power in OFDM‐based cognitive radio systems for high mobility applications

OFDM‐based cognitive radio systems are spectrally flexible and efficient, but they are vulnerable to intercarrier interference (ICI), especially in high mobility environments. High mobility of the terminal causes large Doppler frequency spread resulting in serious ICI. Such ICI severely degrades the system performance, which is ignored in the existing resource allocation of OFDM‐based cognitive radio systems. In this paper, an adaptive subcarrier bandwidth along with power allocation problem in OFDM‐based cognitive radio systems for high mobility applications is investigated. This adaptive subcarrier bandwidth method should choose the suitable subcarrier bandwidth not only to balance the tradeoff between ICI and intersymbol interference but also to be large enough to tolerate an amount of Doppler frequency spread but less than the coherence bandwidth. The power budget and interference to primary users caused by cognitive radio users are imposed for primary users' protection. With these constraints, a joint optimization algorithm of subcarrier bandwidth and power allocation is proposed to maximize the bandwidth efficiency of OFDM‐based cognitive radio systems in such conditions. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm could maximize the system bandwidth efficiency and balance this tradeoff while satisfying the constraints. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new ICI mitigation method with generalized data‐allocation for OFDM systems

This paper describes an ICI mitigation method based on the generalized data‐allocation of (1, ?β) for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. To improve the performance of the ICI mitigation for the higher‐frequency offset, we propose an efficient search algorithm to generate the sub‐optimal parameter β for maximizing the carrier‐to‐interference ratio (CIR). The CIR and bit error rate performances of the proposed method were derived in this paper. The performances with different carrier frequency offset scenarios were evaluated by computer simulations. According to the simulation results, the performance of the proposed ICI mitigation scheme is better than that of the conventional ICI self‐cancellation scheme and is nearly the same as that of the ICI self‐cancellation scheme for the optimal parameter β. Additionally, the proposed ICI mitigation scheme has a dramatically reduced hardware complexity in comparison with the ICI self‐cancellation scheme for the optimal parameter β. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

OFDM系统基于导频的联合信道估计与干扰抵消算法

对OFDM(orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing)系统中由于时频双选信道产生的载波间干扰进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了一种新的OFDM导频符号结构及信道估计方法,从而实现了在一个OFDM符号内时域信道估计和干扰抵消。仿真结果表明:提出的信道估计与干扰抵消相结合的联合算法不仅可以给出精度较高的信道信息,而且可以明显提高系统的性能。     

基于学习字典和符号同步信息的OFDM信号带内多路单载波通信干扰抑制方法

针对传统干扰抑制方法对正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)信号带内多路单载波通信干扰抑制难度大的问题,本文提出了一种基于学习字典和符号同步信息的干扰抑制方法.根据不同通信信号之间形态成分的差异,使用K-奇异值分解(K-Singular Value...     

Biorthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Cellular System with Angle Division Reuse Scheme

In conventional OFDMA cellular systems, mobile stations (MSs) suffer from large ICI in fully loaded cellular environments with full cell frequency reuse, especially at the cell-edge. The fundamental cause is that the signals from serving Base Station (BS) and interference BSs, are modulated by same exponential bases, at same subcarrier. In this paper, a generalized low-complexity fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) based biorthogonal frequency division multiple access (B-OFDMA) cellular system with multiple angle division reuse scheme (MADR) scheme for inter-cell interference (ICI) cancellation is proposed. FrFT angle is regarded as a kind of time-frequency combination resource (TFCR), and it can be optimally allocated to each BS of the cellular system, based on simplified minimal base correlation coefficient (MBCC) criteria, which confirms the inner-cell mutual orthogonality between modulating bases at different subcarriers, and inter-cell mutual approximate orthogonality between modulating bases at same subcarriers. Therefore, at the receiver, ICI can be dramatically suppressed by MMSE equalization and correlative detection in respective optimal FrFT domain. Extensive system simulations are conducted for various practical scenarios to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed FrFT MADR scheme in bit error rate (BER) and system throughput, especially for cell-edge MSs, compared with conventional OFDMA cellular with different ICI cancellation schemes and scheduling schemes.     

ICI cancellation for OFDM communication systems in time-varying multipath fading channels

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, time-varying multipath fading leads to the loss of subcarrier orthogonality and the occurrence of intercarrier interference (ICI). In this study, an efficient ICI suppression with less noise enhancement for multicarrier equalization is presented by using a parallel canceling scheme via frequency-domain equalization techniques, with the assumption that the channel impulse response (CIR) varies linearly during a block period. In order to avoid performance deterioration due to unreliable initial estimations in the parallel cancellation scheme, a cost function with proper weighting factor is introduced to improve the performance of the proposed equalizer. The proposed equalizer consists of a set of prefilters and a set of ICI cancellation filters, with two stages to perform different functions to achieve minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization. The prefilters compensate for the multiplicative distortion at the first stage, and the ICI cancellation filters remove the effects of ICI by a parallel cancellation scheme at the second stage. Finally, the performance of the proposed equalizer is analyzed and compared with that of other equalizers, indicating significant performance improvement.