从螺旋藻中提取藻蓝蛋白的初步研究

介绍从螺旋藻中提取藻蓝蛋白的初步研究结果，研究表明用磷酸盐缓冲溶液能较好地从螺旋藻中提取藻蓝蛋白。     

螺旋藻中藻胆蛋白和多糖的分离纯化及产品特性

提出一种从螺旋藻中提取纯化藻蓝蛋白和糖蛋白的新型分离工艺。等电聚焦分析结果表明所得到的藻蓝蛋白为电泳纯,等电点为４．３,测定了藻蓝蛋白的氨基酸组成及其红外吸收光谱。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析结果表明所得到的糖蛋白组成均一,其分子量为１３０ｋｄ,测定了螺旋藻糖蛋白的氨基酸组成,红外光谱分析表明螺旋藻糖蛋白含有α－型糖苷连接键。     

钝顶螺旋藻中藻蓝蛋白的提取新工艺

研究了从钝顶螺旋藻中提取藻蓝蛋白的方法，用一定浓度的阴离子表面活性剂水溶液处理，得到的藻蓝蛋白纯度最高，一次提取藻蓝蛋白的提取率达到９８％。     

藻蓝蛋白静态吸附平衡及热力学研究

研究了钝顶螺旋藻中藻蓝蛋白在DEAE-Sephadex A-50离子交换树脂上的静态吸附平衡,考察了无机盐NaCl浓度和聚合物PEG6000质量分数,以及吸附温度对藻蓝蛋白静态吸附平衡的影响,以Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程分别对不同条件下的吸附平衡数据进行拟合,并计算出吸附过程的热力学参数△G,△...     

螺旋藻直线型突变株(Sp-Dz)藻蓝蛋白的分离纯化及生物活性的研究

螺旋藻直线型突变株(Sp-Dz)是一种新型的藻种,它具有蛋白含量高,生长速度快,上浮性好的优点.以其为藻种进行培养,对其蛋白提取物采用DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow柱纯化后得到藻蓝蛋白,同时采用了SDS-PAGE、紫外可见光谱、红外光谱对藻蓝蛋白产品进行表征,并测定了其抗肿瘤、抗氧化活性.研究结果表明:藻蓝蛋白的亚基分子质量为35.9 KDr,最大吸收光谱在620 nm处,二级结构中主要以α-螺旋结构为主.生物活性结果显示:藻蓝蛋白的抗氧化活性受自由基类型的影响很大,对DPPH自由基比对羟基自由基的清除作用强;对不同肿瘤细胞都有一定抑制作用,但敏感性不同,其中藻蓝蛋白对人肝细胞性肝癌细胞BEL-7402抑制效果最强.     

钝顶螺旋藻中藻胆蛋白体的分离纯化

用 0 .3m mol· L- 1的十二烷基苯磺酸钠提取钝顶螺旋藻中的藻蓝蛋白和别藻蓝蛋白 ,再在硅藻土5 4 5柱上分级洗脱 ,进一步经 DEAE-纤维素柱纯化 ,藻蓝蛋白纯度达到了 4 .1(指可见区最大吸收与 2 80 nm处之比 ) ,最大吸收峰在 6 19nm,室温荧光发射峰在 6 4 3nm。别藻蓝蛋白纯度达到了 4 .7(指可见区最大吸收与 2 80 nm处之比 ) ,最大吸收峰在 6 5 2 nm,室温荧光发射峰在 6 6 7nm     

极大螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白的提取与纯化

将极大螺旋藻用高渗液低温浸泡、经（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４沉淀、透析后,经过改进的羟基磷灰石柱层析２次纯化得到试剂级的藻蓝蛋白。比较了干藻粉在不同高渗液的渗出液条件下藻蓝蛋白的得率和纯度。建立了低温浸泡时ＰＣ得率与纯度和时间的关系。提出了一种简易可行而高效的羟基磷灰尘石制法。     

螺旋藻藻胆蛋白的分离和吸收光谱特性

螺旋藻干粉经过浸泡，反复冻融２～３次，破碎细胞，其水溶性色素粗提和经硫酸沉淀邓粗提的藻胆蛋白，经紫外分光光度法计检测，在５００～８００ｎｍ的可见光区域有两个吸收峰，分别为藻蓝蛋白（Ｃ－ＰＣ）６２０ｎｍ和别藻蛋白（ＡＰＣ）６５０ｎｍ。     

螺旋藻回用培养液组成对藻细胞生长的影响

将螺旋藻回用培养液补齐营养盐用于培养螺旋藻,考察了螺旋藻生物量、培养液中硝酸盐和磷酸盐及培养末期螺旋藻胞内生化成分含量对藻细胞生长的影响;用超滤膜对回用培养液中物质进行分子量分级,分析各级组分对螺旋藻的抑制效应,确定抑制物的分子量分布范围,并分析其成分. 结果表明,回用培养液中的螺旋藻胞外分泌物对藻细胞生长有明显抑制作用,比生长速率比新鲜培养基中低23%,且会抑制藻细胞对营养盐的吸收及胞内蛋白和叶绿素合成,对硝酸盐、磷酸盐的吸收分别低36%和37%,胞内蛋白及叶绿素含量分别为新鲜培养基中的0.85和0.65倍. 抑制物为分子量大于100 kDa的螺旋藻胞外多糖.     

双水相萃取藻蓝蛋白工艺优化

以螺旋藻干粉经醋酸钠/醋酸缓冲溶液溶胀破碎其细胞后得到的藻蓝蛋白为粗提液,采用聚乙二醇(PEG)/硫酸铵双水相体系对其进行萃取和纯化。以分配系数Kp和纯度为检验指标,对PEG/硫酸铵双水相系统组份中的硫酸铵和PEG质量分数、pH值等因素对萃取效果的影响进行了实验研究。结果表明:以PEG1000与硫酸铵组成的双水相为最佳双水相组份,当硫酸铵和PEG1000的质量分数分别为50%和20%,pH值为6.0～6.5,藻蓝蛋白分配系数和纯度可达到257.61～286.35和0.265～0.371。     

藻蓝素的提取及其光学性质研究

以螺旋藻粉为原料,采用反复冻融法将细胞破碎,然后分别用25%和50%饱和度的硫酸铵溶液盐析等方法制得藻蓝蛋白;用10 mol/L浓盐酸在80℃下处理30 min,破坏了蛋白质与发色团之间的硫醚键,得到游离的发色团-藻蓝素。通过分析产物的紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱了解产物的光学性质,测得所制的产物在660 nm处有荧光;藻蓝素可以溶解在有机溶剂中,在改善有机高分子材料的光学性质方面具有应用价值。     

Preliminary characterization of food tablets from date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and spirulina (Spirulina sp.) powders

In this work, some physical properties (hardness, friability, disintegration time and erosion) of food tablets containing various food powders obtained from dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.), spirulina (Spirulina sp.) and oranges (juice and zest) were investigated. Also, experimental data related to the release kinetic of phycocyanin (antioxidant substance of spirulina) into different liquid mediums correctly fit the Korsmeyer-Peppas model since the coefficient of determination R² ranged from 0.84 (HCl 0.1 N solution) to 0.98 (distilled water). So, the date and spirulina powder-based food tablets could be of various uses: 1) consumption as such by all categories of consumers, 2) feeding of patients for whom it is difficult to chew or swallow food, knowing that these tablets can be either sucked or swallowed, and 3) as natural and cheap drug delivery carriers.     

The Cyanobacterial “Nutraceutical” Phycocyanobilin Inhibits Cysteine Protease Legumain

The blue biliprotein phycocyanin, produced by photo-autotrophic cyanobacteria including spirulina (Arthrospira) and marketed as a natural food supplement or “nutraceutical,” is reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activity. These diverse biological activities have been specifically attributed to the phycocyanin chromophore, phycocyanobilin (PCB). However, the mechanism of action of PCB and the molecular targets responsible for the beneficial properties of PCB are not well understood. We have developed a procedure to rapidly cleave the PCB pigment from phycocyanin by ethanolysis and then characterized it as an electrophilic natural product that interacts covalently with thiol nucleophiles but lacks any appreciable cytotoxicity or antibacterial activity against common pathogens and gut microbes. We then designed alkyne-bearing PCB probes for use in chemical proteomics target deconvolution studies. Target identification and validation revealed the cysteine protease legumain (also known as asparaginyl endopeptidase, AEP) to be a target of PCB. Inhibition of this target may account for PCB's diverse reported biological activities.     

戊二醛交联改性螺旋藻及其吸附Cr6＋的试验研究

利用戊二醛对螺旋藻进行交联改性制备新型吸附剂吸附Cr6＋研究。采用正交试验法对戊二醛改性螺旋藻吸附Cr6＋的改性条件进行研究,结果显示：各因素对改性藻吸附Cr6＋的影响由大到小的顺序为：戊二醛质量分数〉初始pH值〉改性时间〉藻类投加量,最佳试验条件为：戊二醛质量分数为6%,初始pH值为1,藻类投加量为0.5 g,改性时间为4 h。对原藻和改性后的藻吸附能力进行对比研究,结果显示：室温下对于100 mL Cr6＋的质量浓度为80 mg/L的溶液,在藻的投加量为0.4 g、pH值为3时吸附效果最好。原藻和改性藻的Langmuir动力学方程的最大吸附量分别可达到7 889.5、14 424.5μg/g。     

戊二醛交联改性螺旋藻及其吸附Cr~(6+)的试验研究

利用戊二醛对螺旋藻进行交联改性制备新型吸附剂吸附Cr6+研究。采用正交试验法对戊二醛改性螺旋藻吸附Cr6+的改性条件进行研究,结果显示:各因素对改性藻吸附Cr6+的影响由大到小的顺序为:戊二醛质量分数>初始pH值>改性时间>藻类投加量,最佳试验条件为:戊二醛质量分数为6%,初始pH值为1,藻类投加量为0.5 g,改性时间为4 h。对原藻和改性后的藻吸附能力进行对比研究,结果显示:室温下对于100 mL Cr6+的质量浓度为80 mg/L的溶液,在藻的投加量为0.4 g、pH值为3时吸附效果最好。原藻和改性藻的Langmuir动力学方程的最大吸附量分别可达到7 889.5、14 424.5μg/g。     

Microalgal phycocyanin productivity: strategies for phyco‐valorization

Phyco‐valorization is the exploitation of microalgae and microalgal chemicals as valuable products. This paper discusses the optimization of microalgal bioreactor‐based systems for C‐phycocyanin pigment production. Various aspects contributing to system development and enhancement of phycocyanin productivity are described. A wide range of potential microalgal species have been identified for phycocyanin production; the selection of a species for mass culturing can be determined by desired bioreactor trophic mode and symbiotic relations. Research has demonstrated that species amenability to local lighting and climatic conditions, and to variations in bioreactor substrate concentrations and operational parameters, have significant impact on phycocyanin production. The simultaneous optimization of all factors contributing to system productivity may be accomplished efficiently through process modelling. A summary of established models for microalgal phycocyanin production is presented. A suggested strategy for increasing economic viability of phycocyanin production systems is their application in integrated resource recovery. Through the incorporation of phycocyanin productivity optimization principles within a phycoremediation process, the valorization of waste resources may be achieved. The simultaneous economic potential and environmentally‐forward concept of phyco‐valorization through phycocyanin production is a promising application of microalgal biotechnology awaiting further development for industrial implementation. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

天然螺旋藻护肤护发性能的研究

详细介绍了天然螺旋藻的结构、性质、化学组成及其护肤护发特性，研究了螺旋藻对于人体皮肤和毛发的营养性、安全性和功效性，并对螺旋藻作为一种新型功能性护肤护发添加剂的可行性作了初步的探讨。     

Isolation and characterization of thermostable phycocyanin from Galdieria sulphuraria

Phycocyanin is a highly valuable pigmented protein synthesized by several species of cyanobacteria and red alga. In this study we demonstrate the production of thermostable phycocyanin from the unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. Phycocyanin was extracted by repeated freeze-thaw cycles and purified in a two-step process using ammonium sulfate fractionation, at 25% and 50% concentrations. Purified phycocyanin exhibited maximum absorbance at 620 nm, and the purity ratio (A₆₂₀/A₂₈₀) was found to be greater than 4. The recovery efficiency of phycocyanin from the crude extract was above 80%. In total, approximately 19 milligram pure phycocyanin was obtained from 3 g of wet cell mass of Galdieria sp. Subunits α and β of the protein were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by MALDITOF mass spectrometry for identification, which confirmed that the isolated protein is phycocyanin. The molecular weight of α and β subunits of phycocyanin was found to be 17.6 and 18.4 kDa, respectively.     

螺旋藻多糖粗提的新方法工艺条件研究

开发了一种提取螺旋藻多糖的新方法——超声提取和冷碱液提取相结合的方法。正交实验确定的最佳提取条件为:温度为常温,超声时间1 h,提取时间2 h,溶液的pH值为9,固液比9∶1。在此条件下,提取率较传统方法提高5%左右。     

The Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Redox Status and Performance Following a Muscle Damaging Protocol

Spirulina plantensis is a popular supplement which has been shown to have antioxidant and performance enhancing properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of spirulina supplementation on (a) redox status (b) muscle performance and (c) muscle damage following an eccentric bout of exercise that would induce muscle damage. Twenty-four healthy, recreationally trained males participated in the study and were randomly separated into two groups: a spirulina supplementation (6 g per day) and a placebo group. Both groups performed an eccentric bout of exercise consisting of 5 sets and 15 maximum reps per set. Blood was collected at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after the bout and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyls (PC) were assessed in plasma. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) was also assessed at the same aforementioned time points. Eccentric peak torque (EPT) was evaluated immediately after exercise, as well as at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post exercise. Redox status indices (TAC and PC) did not change significantly at any time point post exercise. DOMS increased significantly 24 h post exercise and remained elevated until 72 h and 96 h post exercise for the placebo and spirulina group, respectively. EPT decreased significantly and immediately post exercise and remained significantly lower compared to baseline until 72 h post exercise. No significant differences between groups were found for DOMS and EPT. These results indicate that spirulina supplementation following a muscle damaging protocol does not confer beneficial effects on redox status, muscle performance or damage.