百叶窗翅片管式换热器换热性能分析

针对市场上常用的百叶窗翅片管式换热器,为了确定翅片密度、管排数以及进口空气相对湿度对空气侧特性的影响,对6种结构参数的换热器进行试验研究,采用无量纲化的传热因子和摩擦因子分别衡量空气侧的换热和压降特性。结果表明,翅片密度越大,传热因子越小,翅片密度对摩擦因子的影响在空气干、湿工况下有所不同;管排数越多,传热因子越大,摩擦因子越小;传热因子和摩擦因子均随进口空气相对湿度的增大而增大。     

采用窗片的5 mm管换热器在湿工况下换热性能的实验研究

在湿工况下,对11个采用百叶窗翅片的5 mm管换热器进行了实验研究,并分析了翅片间距、进口空气相对湿度等因素对空气侧换热性能的影响。研究结果表明:换热量随翅片间距的增加而减小,且比7 mm管或更大管径换热器更明显;换热量受进口空气相对湿度的影响小;在翅片底部出现水桥,而在7 mm管或者更大管径换热器中不曾出现。根据实验数据开发了预测5 mm翅片管换热器换热性能的j因子关联式,误差在士20%以内。     

低气压下翅片管换热器空气侧传质特性实验研究

本文实验研究了2个具有不同翅片间距的平翅片管式换热器在低环境气压以及析湿工况下空气侧的传质特性,在环境气压为40~100 kPa,换热器入口空气风速为0.5~4 m/s,入口空气相对湿度为50%~90%,入口空气干球温度为27 ℃,水流速为1.65 m/s的实验工况下,分析了环境气压、换热器迎面风速、翅片间距及入口空气相对湿度对换热器空气侧传质特性的影响。结果表明：低气压环境下,迎面风速、翅片间距以及相对湿度对换热器空气侧传质因子的影响趋势与常压下的研究一致;研究工况下,环境压力从40 kPa升至100 kPa时,空气侧传质因子下降幅度为18.2%~23.6%;在较低迎面风速和环境气压下,翅片间距和换热器入口空气相对湿度对换热器空气侧传质特性的影响更加显著。     

两种不同类型的光滑波纹翅片管换热器空气侧性能及关联式研究

本文对两种不同类型的光滑波纹翅片管换热器进行了空气侧换热及阻力性能的实验研究,分别以Colburn换热因子和Fanning摩擦因子表征空气侧换热及阻力特性,对比分析了翅片形式对光滑波纹翅片类型的空气侧性能影响,发现当雷诺数大于5 500时,两种换热器换热因子j相差6. 4%以上,摩擦因子f相差7. 8%;同时,验证了3种不同类型的换热实验关联式对光滑波纹翅片类型的预测情况,结果表明现有关联式预测偏差较大;运用多元线形回归方法拟合得到新的换热及阻力实验关联式,平均相对误差分别为1. 59%和6. 75%,误差分布均匀,预测精度明显高于现有关联式。     

波纹和百叶窗型表冷器空气侧换热性能的实验研究及分析方法

本文对方形组合式空调机组翅片管换热器空气侧的换热性能进行了实验研究和计算模型分析。将分布参数法（TTM）和创新的分排参数法(RDDM)拓展到方形组合式空调机组制热工况的实验数据处理中,分析翅片管换热器空气侧的换热性能,并与传统的ε-NTU法、集中参数法（LMTD）对比,4种方法计算的j因子和传热系数h偏差均在10%的范围内;基于分排参数模型,研究不同翅片形状、不同翅片间距、不同管径和不同翅片管排数下,传热因子j的变化情况。结果表明：j随Re增加逐渐减小,Re从3 000增至6 020,j下降了25.6%。相同Re下,开窗翅片比波纹翅片的j大,并随着Re的增加两者之间的最大偏差从26.3%缩小为8.3%。j随翅片间距和管径的增大而增大,随着管排数增加而降低,8排管时j急剧降低至约0.008。     

间歇运行对翅片管式蒸发器长效特性的影响

研究了翅片管式蒸发器在空调器长期运行中,由于间歇运行对于其换热和空气侧压降的影响。实验对象为一个铝翅片铜管换热器和一个铜管铜翅片换热器。实验表明,经过多次间歇运行后,蒸发器的换热系数明显下降,空气侧压降有所增大,铜翅片铜管换热器的长效换热特性强于铝翅片铜管换热器,两者的长效压降特性相当。     

翅片管换热器在析湿工况下的积灰特性及对空气侧压降的影响

空调器室内机多数采用翅片管换热器,会因制冷运行过程中表面析湿而粘附灰尘,导致空气流动阻力增大。本文选用空调器中常用的平直翅片、波纹翅片和开窗翅片作为测试样件,翅片间距范围为1.5～2.2 mm,研究了翅片管换热器在析湿工况下的积灰特性及积灰对空气侧压降的影响。结果表明:翅片表面的析湿量决定积灰程度,析湿液滴分布越密集、液桥数量越多,翅片迎风面的堵塞程度越严重且空气侧压降越大。在相同析湿工况下,具有复杂结构的开窗翅片和小翅片间距更容易积灰并增大空气侧压降,因此降低翅片结构复杂程度并适当增大翅片间距有利于空调器的防尘。在积灰过程中,随着换热器表面粉尘沉积量增加,空气侧压降先增大后保持稳定。     

空气侧结构对多元微通道平行流冷凝器传热流动性能的影响

建立了多元微通道平行流冷凝器的稳态分布参数模型,与实验对比验证了模型的正确性。利用所建立的模型,研究了翅片高度、翅片间距、百叶窗开窗间距、百叶窗开窗角度变化对多元微通道平行流冷凝器传热和流动性能的影响。结果表明,随着翅片高度的增大,换热量逐渐增大,空气侧压降逐渐减小;随着翅片间距或者百叶窗开窗间距的增大,换热量和空气侧压降都是逐渐减小;随着百叶窗开窗角度的增大,换热量和空气侧压降都是逐渐增大。     

空冷凝汽器蛇形翅片扁平管空气侧流动与换热特性研究

针对应用于电站直接空冷凝汽器的蛇形翅片扁平单排管,对其空气侧的流动及换热特性进行了数值模拟。给出了该管件基本结构的雷诺数和欧拉数随迎面风速的变化关联式;结果显示,同一迎面风速下,随着翅片间距、高度的增大,换热变差,流动变好。但当间距增加到一定程度时,风速与间距对换热流动性能的影响都变得很小。风速越大,换热性能对翅片间距、高度越敏感,而流动则相反,需根据实际工况来选择合适的翅片间距及高度。     

组合管径圆弧翅片换热性能的数值模拟

针对空调器室内机换热器空气侧的流动和换热问题,利用FLUENT软件,本文研究了开缝圆弧翅片以及组合管径开缝圆弧翅片对换热器的换热量和空气侧压降的影响,并与原开缝三折翅片换热器进行比较。结果表明,开缝圆弧翅片换热器的换热量大于原开缝三折翅片换热器,而空气侧压降略有增大。随着小管径数量增大,开缝圆弧翅片换热器的换热量逐渐减小,但压降也逐渐减小。相比于开缝三折翅片换热器,当开缝圆弧翅片换热器为10根小管时,其压降增大5%左右,但换热量却有2%左右的提高,且铜管材料节省了14.5%,有很好的应用前景。     

Airside heat transfer and friction characteristics for enhanced fin-and-tube heat exchanger with hydrophilic coating under wet conditions

The airside heat transfer and friction characteristics of 14 enhanced fin-and-tube heat exchangers with hydrophilic coating under wet conditions are experimented. The effects of number of tube rows, fin pitch and inlet relative humidity on airside performance are analyzed. The test results show that the influences of the fin pitch and the number of tube rows on the friction characteristic under wet conditions are similar to that under dry surface owing to the existence of the hydrophilic coating. The Colburn j factors decrease as the fin pitch and the number of tube rows increase. For wavy fin, the Colburn j factors increase with the increase of the inlet relative humidity, but for interrupted fin, the Colburn j factors are relatively insensitive to the change of the inlet relative humidity. The friction characteristic is independent of the inlet relative humidity. Based on the test results, heat transfer and friction correlations, in terms of the Colburn j factor and Fanning f factor, are proposed to describe the airside performance of the enhanced fin geometry with hydrophilic coating under wet conditions. For wavy fin, the correlation of the Colburn j factor gives a mean deviation of 7.6%, while the correlation of Fanning f factor shows a mean deviation of 9.1%. For interrupted fin, the correlation of the Colburn j factor gives a mean deviation of 9.7%, while the correlation of Fanning f factor shows a mean deviation of 7.3%.     

A study on airside performance of geometry combination fins using large scale model

This study investigated the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of heat exchanger according to the arrangement of fins as well as fin configuration by the similitude experiments with the finned-tube geometry scaled as large as four times. Colburn j factor, Fanning friction factor, f, and goodness factors are compared to each other to estimate performance of each case for four different kinds of fins, which are louver, double side slit, single side slit and plain fin. Results show that heat transfer would be altered by fin arrangement and that friction loss is more affected by fin configurations than by the fin arrangements. In particular, heat transfer depends more on the shape of front row than that of rear row. The heat transfer rate of combined fin arrangement increases a lot more under the same pressure drop than that of conventional fin arrangement. This indicates that the heat exchanger of higher efficiency would be designed by the proper combination of fins of different shapes.     

An investigation of the airside performance of the slit fin-and-tube heat exchangersEtude de la performance côté air d''échangeurs de chaleurs à tubes à ailettes à fentes

The airside performance of fin-and-tube heat exchangers having slit geometry is experimentally investigated in this study. A total of 12 samples were tested and compared. Effects of fin pitch and the number of tube row were examined. The test results indicated that the heat transfer performance increase with decrease of fin pitch for N=1. However, for N4, the effect of fin pitch on the heat transfer performance is reversed. In addition to the effect of fin pitch, the heat transfer performance decrease with increase of the number of tube row and the friction factors are relatively independent of the number of tube row. Based on the present test results and those from previous investigations, a general correlation is proposed to describe the airside performance of the slit fin configuration, the mean deviations of the proposed heat transfer and friction correlation are 5.5 and 3.8%, respectively.     

Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Solar Tower Receiver Using Internal Fins

The receiver is an important element in solar energy plants. The principal receiver’s tubes in power plants are devised to work under extremely severe conditions, including excessive heat fluxes. Half of the tube’s circumference is heated whilst the other half is insulated. This study aims to improve the heat transfer process and reinforce the tubes’ structure by designing a new receiver; by including longitudinal fins of triangular, circular and square shapes. The research is conducted experimentally using Reynolds numbers ranging from 28,000 to 78,000. Triangular fins have demonstrated the best improvement for heat transfer. For Reynolds number value near 43,000 Nusselt number (Nu) is higher by 3.5% and 7.5%, sequentially, compared to circular and square tube fins, but varies up to 6.5% near Re = 61000. The lowest friction factor is seen in a triangular fin receiver; where it deviates from circular fins by 4.6%, and square fin tubes by 3.2%. Adding fins makes the temperature decrease gradually, and in the case of no fins, the temperature gradient between the hot tube and water drops sharply in the planed tube by 7%.     

水-空气翅片管换热器实验研究与数值模拟

通过对翅片管式换热器的设计和实验研究，得出了该换热器的性能曲线，此外还对换热器内部流场和温度场进行了三维数值模拟计算。从实验和模拟结果分析可知，实验所得传热因子j较模拟结果有12％范围内的减小，而阻力因子，有4％～16％的增大；翅片间距和管排密集度对翅片管换热器性能影响很大，减小翅片间距和增大管排密集度均能增强换热器的换热效果，但压力损失也明显增加。     

Heat transfer characteristics of spirally-coiled circular fin-tube heat exchangers operating under frosting conditions

The objective of this study is to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of spirally-coiled circular fin-tube heat exchangers under frosting conditions. The heat transfer rate, pressure drop, frost thickness, and Nusselt number of the heat exchanger were measured and analyzed by varying the fin pitch and number of tube rows under frosting conditions. In addition, the Nusselt number of the spirally-coiled circular fin-tube exchanger was compared with those of flat plate fin-tube heat exchangers with discrete fins. An empirical correlation of the Nusselt number was developed as a function of the Reynolds number, dimensionless fin pitch normalized by the hydraulic diameter, i.e., D_h/F_p, Fourier number, and number of tube rows. The measured Nusselt number was consistent with the predicted value with mean and average deviations of 3.5% and 0.3%, respectively.     

不同环境参数对SK型翅片管式换热器结霜换热性能的影响

以SK型翅片管式换热器为研究对象,在循环式风洞中对其结霜工况下的性能进行试验研究,研究了入口空气流速和相对湿度等环境参数对SK型翅片管式换热器性能的影响。研究结果表明：结霜工况下,翅片表面未覆盖满霜层时,在雷诺数Re=3602～5509,进口相对湿度？=60%～80%范围内,空气侧对流换热系数随迎面风速的增大而增大,随相对湿度的增加而增加;换热器表面阻力降随着流速的增加而增大,随着相对湿度的增大而增大。实验结果表明,空气相对湿度对SK型翅片管式换热器性能的影响远大于空气流速的影响。     

圆孔和半圆孔交叉翅片管的传热与流阻性能研究

本文提出一类可用于结霜和灰尘较多场合的新型翅片——圆孔和半圆孔交叉翅片。为了考察这类翅片的性能特征,对9种不同几何参数的单排肋管式换热器样件在吸风式直流热风洞内进行了实验。这些几何参数包括圆孔、半圆孔的直径和位置。通过多元线性回归法将实验数据整理为以雷诺数和换热器几何参数为自变量的j和f关联式。结果表明开孔参数对换热性能有明显影响,而对阻力影响不显著。与平片相比,样片3的平均当量换热系数提高18.3％,节约金属耗材12％。     

十二排圆形翅片管换热器的传热与流动特性研究

采用数值计算方法研究12排大管圆形翅片表面空气侧流体的流动特性,获得不同雷诺数下圆形翅片的速度分布云图、温度分布云图和流线分布图,并将模拟的结果与实验和实验关联式分别进行验证。研究结果表明：翅片间距为9.6mm第一排管壁侧和翅片表面的传热系数分别是翅片间距为2.4mm的1.67和0.97倍;前面六排翅片表面和管壁表面的传热系数具有很强的波动,而在第六排后翅片表面和管壁表面的传热系数趋向于稳定。