Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-B合金钎料的制备及其可焊性

采用超声气体雾化法制备了Ni—Cr—Co—W—Mo—B中间合金钎料，利用XRD，DSC和SEM分析了钎料的微观结构、固液相线的温度及瞬态液相(TLP)连接接头的成分。研制的液态钎料对镍基高温合金基体具有良好的润湿性。连接后的试棒在1073K下的拉伸强度为1123MPa，1283K／248MPa下的持久寿命为43h.TLP连接后经固溶时效处理，接头区域的成分和组织与基体一致，性能与母材相当.     

MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF TRANSIENT LIQUID PHASE JOINT OF NI-BASE SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY

采用Ni-15Cr-3.5B非晶合金箔带作为中间层合金对镍基单晶高温合金进行瞬态液相(TLP)连接. 利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜对接头的微观结构进行观察和分析, 利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)方法测定了连接区域和基体之间的结晶学取向. 结果表明, 接头区域由连接区、中间金属/基体金属界面扩散区和基体金属区组成, 连接区中心形成M23B6+γ和MB+γ 共晶, 扩散区形成细小的M3B2颗粒; 均匀化处理后接头与基体的γ'相的尺寸趋于一致; TLP接头等温凝固过程中, 固/液界面向液相移动中外延生长, 连接层与所连接的基体金属的结晶学取向一致.     

镍基单晶高温合金瞬态液相连接接头的微观结构和结晶学取向

采用Ni-15Cr-3．5B非晶合金箔带作为中间层合金对镍基单晶高温合金进行瞬态液相（TLP）连接．利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜对接头的微观结构进行观察和分析,利用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）方法测定了连接区域和基体之间的结晶学取向．结果表明,接头区域由连接区、中间金属／基体金属界面扩散区和基体金属区组成,连接区中心形成M23B6＋γ和MB＋γ共晶,扩散区形成细小的A4382颗粒;均匀化处理后接头与基体的γ＇相的尺寸趋于一致;TLP接头等温凝固过程中,固／液界面向液相移动中外延生长,连接层与所连接的基体金属的结晶学取向一致．     

N-Cr-Co-W—Mo—Ta—B合金钎料的特性

采用超声气体雾化法制备了N-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉．利用SEM研究了合金粉的微观形貌和化学成分分布;利用DSC分析了合金粉的熔化特性;采用热轧工艺制备N-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金柔性布作为中间层合金．测定了TLP连接镍基高温合金后试样在室温下的断裂强度和1010℃／248MPa下的持久寿命．结果表明,N-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉呈规则的球形,化学成分均匀,其完全熔化温度为1127℃;TLP连接镍基高温合金后在室温下的断裂强度和1010℃／248MPa下的持久寿命与母材相当．     

Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金钎料的特性

采用超声气体雾化法制备了Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉.利用SEM研究了合金粉的微观形貌和化学成分分布;利用DSC分析了合金粉的熔化特性;采用热轧工艺制备Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金柔性布作为中间层合金.测定了TLP连接镍基高温合金后试样在室温下的断裂强度和1 010℃/248 MPa下的持久寿命.结果表明,Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-B合金粉呈规则的球形,化学成分均匀,其完全熔化温度为1 127℃;TLP连接镍基高温合金后在室温下的断裂强度和1 010℃/248 MPa下的持久寿命与母材相当.     

急冷Ni—Pd合金钎料的研制

根据快速凝固原理，采用液态急冷单辊法制得急冷Ni－Pd合金条带。利用X－ray衍射、电子探针、DTA等分析方法对急冷Ni－Pd合金的显微结构、元素分布及合金的固液相线的熔点进行了研究。利用液态金属表面张力仪测定了BAu4和急冷Ni-Pd合金钎料的润湿性，并采用这两种不同的钎料进行钎焊。结果表明：急冷Ni-Pd合金钎料的组织和化学成分均匀，熔点合适，具有良好的润湿性，有替代BAu4的可能。     

TLP连接对一种镍基单晶高温合金拉伸性能的影响

采用Ni-Cr-B非晶中间层瞬间液相连接（Transient liquid phase bonding） 一种镍基单晶高温合金DD98，TLP连接在1230℃，8h真空条件下进行。利用扫描电镜进行微观组织观察和成分分析。在不同温度对接头与母材进行了拉伸实验。实验结果表明：接头的微观组织和化学成分与母材趋于一致；接头强度达到母材的标准，其它性能指标与母材相当，二者的应力一应变关系相同。     

不锈钢的瞬间液相扩散焊研究

采用热模拟和显微组织分析方法,对Ni-5%Si-3B非晶箔带在316L不锈钢瞬时液相扩散焊(TLP)时的扩散行为进行了研究.结果表明,Ni-5%Si-3B非晶合金箔带作为中间层材料,在实验焊接条件下中间层润湿性和铺展性良好,具有较强的扩散能力,形成了冶金结合,基本实现了316L的TLP连接.     

DD6单晶TLP焊保温时间及硼元素扩散距离的理论预测

采用急冷Ni-8Co-4Cr-0.5W-3.2B中间层合金箔,对DD6镍基单晶高温合金进行了瞬时过渡液相扩散连接,连接温度为1200℃。理论分析了TLP焊等温凝固时间、固相成分均匀化时间及降熔元素硼向母材的扩散深度,其值分别为6.4 h、9.6 h和170μm。试验结果表明,在1200℃×12 h进行TLP焊连接,可以获得无共晶相产生的组织均匀的等温凝固焊缝;通过对接头进行后续的标准化热处理,焊缝中γ′相完全立方化,界面两侧γ′相晶粒尺寸相同,分布均匀,排列齐整,镶嵌于连续均匀的母材之中,γ′相的结晶取向与母材相一致,实现了DD6单晶扩散连接界面组织的单晶化。理论预测结果与试验结果相吻合。     

第二、三代镍基单晶高温合金含Hf过渡液相连接

采用无B的含Hf镍基合金作为中间层合金,分别对含Re的第二代镍基单晶高温合金(CMSX-4,铸态)和第三代镍基单晶高温合金(SXG3,完全热处理态)进行过渡液相(TLP)连接,并分析了连接区的显微组织演变以及降熔元素分布,测试了连接区的显微硬度.结果表明,在1290℃真空保温24 h后,CMSX-4和SXG3合金的TLP连接均已完成,2种合金的TLP连接过程也均符合经典模型.以含Hf的镍基合金作为中间层合金时,在连接区内没有出现扩散影响区.CMSX-4合金的固溶处理可在TLP连接过程中同步完成,缩短了热处理工艺.SXG3合金中的C与Hf结合在液相中形成固相Hf C,降低熔体中Hf浓度,缩短了等温凝固阶段的时间.研究表明,通过含Hf的TLP连接可以研究小角度晶界的界面稳定性,其中在1150℃保温热处理后,SXG3合金小角度晶界出现不连续脱溶转变的临界区间在10°~17°之间.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.