热压烧结镀Cr碳纤维/Cu复合材料的制备及热性能

采用热压法将拥有超高导热率和负热膨胀系数（CTE）的中间相沥青基短碳纤维（CF_s）与Cu复合,并利用化学气相沉积技术对CF_s镀Cr以改善其与Cu的结合状况,研究了所制备的镀Cr CF_s/Cu复合材料的显微结构与热性能。结果表明：在制备中Cr层的大部分与CF_s表层的C反应形成连续、均匀的界面薄层Cr₇C₃,少量的扩散于Cu基体中,使CF_s与Cu之间的界面由结合极差的机械结合转化成良好的冶金结合,有效提升了复合材料的热性能。CF_s含量为40vol%~55vol%时,镀Cr CF_s/Cu复合材料致密度高于97.5%,平面方向上的热导率达393~419 W（mK）^-1,平面方向的CTE在5.1×10^-6~8.4×10^-6 K^-1之间。高的热导率、低的CTE以及优良的可加工性能使其成为极有潜力的电子封装材料。     

AIN和B对热压烧结Cf/SiC复合材料性能的影响

研究了烧结助剂ＡＩＮ 和Ｂ对Ｃｆ／ＳｉＣ复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：Ｂ含量较低时（小于０．５ｗ ｔ％ ）,Ｂ的增加能有效地提高复合材料的抗弯强度与断裂韧性,继续增加Ｂ的用量至１ｗ ｔ％ ,虽能大幅度提高复合材料的强度,但使复合材料的断裂韧性大大降低。ＡＩＮ 与ＳｉＣ高温反应形成固溶体,能起到强化和细化基体ＳｉＣ晶粒以及改善ＳｉＣ晶界结构的作用,但对复合材料内纤维与基体间界面的结合影响较小,因此与Ｂ的作用相比,ＡＩＮ 对复合材料密度和力学性能的影响较小。烧结助剂为５ｗ ｔ％ ＡＩＮ－０．５ｗ ｔ％ Ｂ,经１８５０℃和２５ＭＰａ 热压烧结后的Ｃｆ／ＳｉＣ复合材料具有较佳的综合力学性能,其抗弯强度与断裂韧性值分别为５２６．６ＭＰａ 和１７．１４ＭＰａ·ｍ １／２。     

热压烧结制备SiC增强石墨复合材料及其性能

以天然鳞片石墨为起始原料,SiC颗粒为增强相,采用热压烧结工艺制备了SiC增强石墨复合材料。研究了SiC含量对SiC增强石墨复合材料微观结构、力学性能和摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒均匀分布在石墨基体中,降低了基体中的孔隙率;随着SiC含量增加,SiC增强石墨复合材料的相对密度和弯曲强度相应增加,开孔率显著降低,当SiC含量达到40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料中形成了SiC网络骨架结构,相对密度达到了94.2%,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了11.8%,弯曲强度达到了146 MPa,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了147%;基体石墨保持了层状结构;SiC含量低于40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料的摩擦系数随SiC含量的增加轻微增加,与纯石墨材料的摩擦系数相当,具有良好的摩擦性能。     

AIN和B对热压烧结Cf／SiC复合材料性能的影响

】　研究了烧结助剂AIN和B对C     

AIN和B对热压烧结Cf／SiC复合材料性能的影响

研究了烧结助剂ＡＩＮ和Ｂ对Ｃｆ／ＳｉＣ复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：Ｂ含量较低时，Ｂ的增加能有效地提高复合材料的抗弯强度与断裂韧性，继续增加Ｂ的用量至１ｗｔＴ，虽能大幅度提高材料的强度，但使复合材料的裂韧性大大降低。     

炭/炭-陶瓷/炭多元复合材料的原位热压制备与性能

以纤维素和凹凸棒石(PG)为原料,在220℃下水热24h制备凹凸棒石/炭(PG/C)复合材料。采用浸渍-炭化工艺在炭/炭(C/C)复合材料中引入PG/C作为添加剂,一步热压对材料最终成型,原位获得C/C-陶瓷/C复合材料。研究了添加PG/C对C/C力学性能和抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明:PG/C在热压过程中转变为顽辉石/C,顽辉石/C通过"填充"和"桥联"起增强作用,顽辉石陶瓷表面负载纳米炭层有效避免了陶瓷相与基体炭间弱结合的产生。随着PG/C中表面负载纳米炭含量的减少,C/C的强度逐渐增加。当炭含量为13%的PG/C作为添加剂时,C/C的抗弯强度为263MPa,弹性模量为47GPa,相对于没有添加剂的C/C抗弯强度提高了45%,弹性模量提高了42%;相对于以PG作为添加剂的C/C抗弯强度提高了16%,弹性模量提高了27%。添加PG/C使C/C抗氧化性得到了提高;1 000℃下C/C的质量损失降低了12%~18%。     

热压法制备W/Cu功能梯度材料

对热压法制备Ｗ／Ｃｕ功能梯度材料的可行性进行了研究,并其组织结构进行了观察,对其表观抗弯强度及抗热震性进行了测试。结果表明在１８００℃,１８Ｎ／ｍｍ＾２,２ｈ条件下可以制备Ｃｕ含量最高为２２．５５ｖｏｌ．％的Ｗ／Ｃｕ功能梯度材料,其密度可达理论密度的９４．６％。     

烧结温度对反应热压烧结制备ZrB2-ZrC-W2Zr复合材料组织和力学性能的影响

以B_4C、Zr、W为原料,采用反应热压烧结工艺制备了ZrB_2-ZrC-W_2Zr复合材料,系统研究了烧结温度对复合材料组织结构和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,复合材料主要由ZrB_2、ZrC、W_2Zr和少量的W组成,随着烧结温度从1 600℃升高到1 900℃,W的含量略有增加,W_2Zr的含量略有减少,ZrB_2晶粒的形态由针状向板条状转变,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,而长径比逐渐减小。复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性随着烧结温度的升高先增大后减小,在1 850℃出现峰值,分别达到约560 MPa和5.5 MPa·m~(1/2)。     

电流直加热动态热压烧结制备SiCp/Fe复合材料

用电流直加热动态热压烧结法制备SiCp/Fe复合材料,研究了工艺参数对其性能的影响.结果表明,材料的性能随着热压压力、加载电压、烧结时间和间歇电流循环次数的增大而明显提高.该工艺热效率高,升温速率快,制备时间短,放电点的弥散分布,能实现均匀加热并使颗粒表面活化,使材料组织细小均匀.用此工艺可快速制备出均质、高致密和高质量的SiCp/Fe复合材料,其最好性能为致密度99.9%,布氏硬度416HB,抗拉强度838 MPa.     

PEN单聚合物复合材料的热压制备工艺与性能

为了实现聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)单聚合物复合材料(SPCs)的制备,使用DSC热分析法确定了制备PEN SPCs的加工温度范围,根据PEN的过冷性质热压制备了PEN SPCs.通过SEM研究了PEN SPCs的界面粘结性,使用万能试验机比较了PEN SPCs与未增强PEN的力学性能.研究结果表明:PEN SPCs中的基体PEN树脂与增强体PEN纤维之间具有良好的界面粘结性;制备的PEN SPCs的拉伸强度为224 MPa,是未增强的PEN拉伸强度的3.6倍.     

SPS制备TiNi增强镁合金复合材料的微观结构及力学性能

以AZ31镁合金为基体,TiNi形状记忆合金丝为增强体,利用放电等离子烧结法（SPS）制备了TiNi/Mg复合材料,用OM、SEM、EDS对其微观形貌进行表征,并用XRD及DSC研究TiNi丝的相变,同时对该复合材料进行准静态拉伸实验,对其室温及高温力学性能进行研究。结果表明,所制备的TiNi/Mg复合材料中界面处存在Mg、Ti、Ni元素的互扩散现象,并形成宽度约为2 μm的互扩散层;所制备的TiNi/Mg复合材料的高温力学性能高于室温,其中其屈服强度、抗拉强度及弹性模量在100℃时（分别为157 MPa,292 MPa,22 GPa）较室温分别提高了12%、33%和29%,150℃时（分别为143 MPa,251 MPa,20 GPa）较室温分别提高了2%、14%和18%。     

放电等离子烧结Ni/TiB2-TiC复合材料微观组织及磨损性能

采用放电等离子烧结技术,以Ni、Ti、B₄C混合粉末为原料制备Ni/TiB₂-TiC复合材料,分析了Ni含量对复合材料的物相组成、组织结构、硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明：Ni/TiB₂-TiC复合材料主要物相为γ-Ni、TiB₂和TiC,其中TiB₂呈矩形条状和多边形状,TiC则呈现不规则块状;随着原始粉末中Ni含量的增加,TiB₂和TiC陶瓷相尺寸减小,其在Ni粘结相中的分布呈现出均匀化的趋势,复合材料更加致密。Ni含量显著影响Ni/TiB₂-TiC复合材料的耐磨性和磨损机制,Ni含量较低时（20wt%和30wt%）,复合材料摩擦系数（COF）较大且存在明显的波动,出现严重的疲劳磨损;随着Ni量的增加（40wt%）,材料的COF降低且趋于平稳,表现为微切削磨损;当Ni含量持续增加时（50wt%）,由于局部Ni的聚集导致粘着磨损产生,COF有所上升,耐磨性反而下降。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Ag nanocomposites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Carbon nanotube/silver (CNT/Ag) nanocomposites include CNT volume fraction up to 10?vol.% were prepared by chemical reduction in solution followed by spark plasma sintering. Multiwalled CNTs underwent surface modifications by acid treatments, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data indicated several functional groups loaded on the CNT surface by acid functionalisation. The acid-treated CNTs were sensitised and activated. Silver was deposited on the surface of the activated CNTs by chemical reduction of alkaline silver nitrate solution at room temperature. The microstructures of the prepared CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders were investigated by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The results indicated that the produced CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders have coated type morphology. The produced CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders were sintered by spark plasma sintering. It was observed from the microstructure investigations of the sintered materials by HRSEM that the CNTs were distributed in the silver matrix with good homogeneity. The hardness and the tensile properties of the produced CNT/Ag nanocomposites were measured. By increasing the volume fraction of CNTs in the silver matrix, the hardness values increased but the elongation values of the prepared CNT/Ag nanocomposites decreased. In addition, the tensile strength was increased by increasing the CNTs volume fraction up to 7.5?vol.%, but the sample composed of 10?vol.% CNT/Ag was fractured before yielding.     

Preparation and properties of W-SiC/Cu composites by tape casting and hot-pressing sintering

In this study, W-SiC/Cu composites were prepared by tape casting and vacuum hot-pressing sintering. The microstructures and properties of the composites were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Vickers hardness test, bending strength test and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) test. The results showed that W₂C, WC and WSi₂ formed in the composites. The effects of SiC particle size on the relative densities, Vickers hardness, bending strength and CTE of composites were investigated. Vickers hardness, bending strength and CTE of the composite with SiC particle size of 6?µm reached the optimal values, which were 445.2?HV, 726.1?MPa, 9.24?ppm?K^?1.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of in situ TiB reinforced titanium matrix composites based on Ti–FeMo–B prepared by spark plasma sintering

The in situ synthesized TiB reinforced titanium matrix composites have been prepared by spark plasma sintering at 800–1200 °C under 20 MPa for 5 min. The effects of sintering temperature and reinforcement volume fraction on flexural strength, Young’s modulus and fracture toughness of the composites are investigated. The titanium matrix consists of -Ti and β-Ti phases, and the volume fraction of β-Ti increases with increasing sintering temperatures. The in situ synthesized TiB reinforcements are distributed randomly and uniformly in matrix. The transverse section of TiB has a hexagonal shape aligned along [0 1 0] direction, and the crystallographic planes of the TiB needles are always of the type . The 10 vol% TiB reinforced composite sintered at 1000 °C exhibits excellent mechanical properties. The flexural strength, Young’s modulus and fracture toughness of this composite are 1560 MPa, 137 GPa and 8.64 MPa · m^1/2, respectively.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Ni-Ce alloys prepared by gas-atomization spark plasma sintering and hot-extrusion

Al-Si-Ni-Ce alloys with the composition of Al_78.5Si₁₉Ni₂Ce_0.5, Al₇₆Si₁₉Ni₄Ce₁ and Al₇₃Si₁₉Ni₇Ce₁ were atomized and then sintered by using spark plasma method. The microstructure of the as-atomized powders, sintered and hot-extruded samples was analyzed. The influences of granularity and sintering parameters including time and temperature on the density of sintered alloy were also discussed. It is shown that the atomized powders are composed of Si, Al₁₁Ce₃, Al₃Ni and alpha Al. Tiny Al₃Ni particles precipitate from supersaturated matrix near the powder boundaries during SPS. Hot-extrusion process leads to the layer structure and more homogeneous distribution of precipitates. These alloys exhibit high comprehensive mechanical properties with combination of high Vicker's micro-hardness, moderate tensile properties and elongation, which provide a novel kind of promising engineering materials.     

无压烧结Ti3SiC2/铝基复合材料组织与性能

MAX相具有独特的层状晶体结构,不但具备常用铝基复合材料外加陶瓷颗粒的性能特征,同时具有可与石墨媲美的摩擦性能.本文以Al粉、Si粉和典型MAX相Ti_3SiC_2为原料,采用冷压成型-无压烧结方法制备了Ti_3SiC_2/Al-Si复合材料,并通过金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等分析手段,研究了烧结温度、Si元素含量对复合材料组织与性能的影响.研究表明:随着烧结温度从500℃提高到700℃,复合材料致密度先上升后下降,摩擦系数先降低后上升,硬度逐渐增大至最大值并基本保持稳定;随着Si质量分数从0增加到20.7%,复合材料的致密度逐渐降低,硬度逐渐增大,摩擦系数先降低后增大,晶粒尺寸随之下降,12.5%Si晶粒最为细小;烧结温度为650℃,Si元素质量分数为12.5%的铝基复合材料具有最低的摩擦系数0.18,相应的硬度为62 HV,致密度为92.12%.XRD物相和扫描电镜组织分析表明,复合材料的主要相组成为Al、Ti_3SiC_2,及由界面反应产生的Al_4C_3和Al的氧化产物Al_2O_3.     

基于SPS法B4C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料组织及性能

B₄C中B的同位素¹⁰B具有较大的热中子吸收截面,是良好的中子吸收体。采用放电等离子烧结法（SPS）制备了B₄C体积分数为10%~40%的B₄C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料,对B₄C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料的微观组织形貌及物相组成进行了观察分析,并测试了其拉伸性能。结果表明：B₄C颗粒均匀地分布在6061Al基体中,颗粒尖端放电产生的等离子体能够促进B₄C颗粒/6061Al基体界面结合,材料内部的物相主要有Al、B₄C、AlB₂和Al₃BC。随着B₄C体积分数的增加,B₄C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料的致密度降低,抗拉强度先增加后降低,断裂机制主要为6061Al基体及B₄C颗粒/6061Al基体界面的撕裂。     

压力烧结铜-石墨复合材料的相对密度及性能研究

为提高铜-石墨复合材料的相对密度,改善其组织和性能,采用氩气保护下的压力烧结技术制备了铜-石墨复合材料,研究了烧结压力、压制压力、烧结温度和烧结时间对铜-石墨复合材料相对密度及性能的影响,探讨了相对密度与性能的关系。结果表明,适当提高压力烧结各参数可减少孔隙数量,改善组织均匀性,提高材料相对密度,进而提高材料硬度和导电率;材料性能主要取决于相对密度,相对密度越高,性能越好,但材料性能还受孔隙尺寸和形状的影响;在烧结压力为150 MPa、压制压力为400 MPa,烧结温度为870了℃,烧结时间为2.5 h条件下获得了相对密度为0.945,硬度为66.3 HB,电导率为6.2 MS/m的铜-石墨复合材料。