阵列式脉冲远场涡流管道缺陷检测方法

针对采用单个枪测线圈在管道缺陷检测中存在的检测分辨力较低的问题,研究了管道缺陷定量检测中的阵列式脉冲远场涡流检测技术.利用有限元仿真的方法对阵列传感器结构进行了优化设计,并且分析了不同深度缺陷对感应电压信号的影响规律.最后通过实验对仿真结果进行了验证,实验结果表明本文设计的阵列传感器具有较高的检测精度和灵敏度,可以实现对管道缺陷的定量检测.     

铁磁性平板中不同走向裂纹脉冲远场涡流检测的仿真研究

远场涡流技术克服了传统涡流检测受集肤效应限制的不足,在铁磁性管道的检测中得到了广泛的应用。本文采用脉冲方波来激励探头,形成了铁磁性平板脉冲远场涡流检测新技术。首先分析了脉冲远场涡流的检测原理,然后采用ANSYS仿真软件建立了其仿真模型,仿真分析不同走向缺陷对空间磁场的扰动规律,对比分析了脉冲远场涡流技术对不同走向裂纹的检测灵敏度。研究结果对于深入明晰脉冲远场涡流的检测机理及传感器设计具有重要的理论价值。     

铁磁性管道腐蚀远场涡流检测性能的改进

远场涡流检测由于信号微弱、探头过长等缺点限制了其进一步应用.本文结合有限元仿真和实验方法,研究了改进远场涡流技术性能的几种方法,即: 采用电磁屏蔽、磁路进行传感器优化设计以缩短探头长度、增大信号强度;改进信号调理电路以提高细微缺陷检出能力;利用同态滤波、小波变换以及误差修正等数字信号处理技术确保检测结果的可靠性.实验结果表明,采用上述方法后系统性能得到很大提高,可以有效检测出管道外壁的细微缺陷.     

铁磁性管道的远场涡流检测系统的设计与实现

远场涡流技术作为管道日常检测和维护的重要支撑手段，将发挥越来越重要的作用。本文在详细阐述其原理基础上，设计了远场涡流检测系统的实现方案，从传感器优化设计、硬件电路设计等方面进行了详细论述，最后给出了具体实验结果。     

铆接结构缺陷检测中的低频脉冲涡流技术

脉冲涡流是一种可以对飞机多层铆接结构中缺陷进行有效检测的无损检测技术。本文通过研究低频涡流与脉冲涡流检测技术,设计和实现了圆柱形差分检测传感器,对铆钉周围出现的缺陷进行了检测。通过轴向扫描时获得的峰值曲线对缺陷的轴向宽度进行了定量检测。通过缺陷的瞬态感应电压信号,利用峰值、过零时间等特征量对缺陷造成的不连续性和损耗程度进行了检测分析。试验结果证明文中设计的圆柱形差分传感器可以对多层铆接结构中的缺陷进行有效检测,低频脉冲技术在飞机铆接结构缺陷的检测中具有很好的使用前景。     

非磁性金属平板脉冲远场涡流传感器优化设计与缺陷定量检测

将脉冲远场涡流检测技术应用于对非磁性金属平板的无损检测中,设计了一种新型脉冲远场涡流检测传感器,并通过仿真分析对传感器参数进行了优化.在此基础上,通过提取检测信号最后一个过零时间作为特征量,实现了对非磁性平板上、下表面缺陷的定量检测.仿真结果表明,优化后传感器尺寸更小,并且可以较好的实现对非磁性金属平板中缺陷的定量检测.     

大提离下脉冲涡流对铁磁性材料测厚研究

压力管道局部减薄对工业生产造成重大安全隐患,因此用脉冲涡流技术评估带包覆层管道壁厚减薄极为重要.研究主要目的是找到一种有效且易于提取的信号特征以评估壁厚.利用Comsol仿真软件建立测厚有限元模型,分析脉冲涡流时域信号特征,提取检出电压信号峰值、到峰时间特征量,分析电压峰值、到峰时间和试件厚度之间的关系.同时通过20#...     

改进型脉冲涡流无损检测技术研究

传统脉冲涡流检测技术对缺陷的检测灵敏度不高,需采用差分的方法来增强缺陷信息.本文提出了一种改进型的脉冲涡流无损检测方法,其无需差分就可以对缺陷进行定量,具有较大的理论价值和应用价值,采用改进的脉冲涡流技术对腐蚀缺陷的深度和体积进行了检测,并采用一种新的"频谱分离点"的腐蚀缺陷识别方法,提高了腐蚀缺陷分类识别的正确率.     

铁磁性平板导体件远场涡流有限元仿真与分析

本文首先分析了平板导体件远场涡流的检测原理,然后采用ANSYS仿真软件建立了适用于平板导体件的远场涡流检测模型。在此基础上,通过提取X向磁场峰值信号的信息（包括峰值幅值和峰值宽度）实现了对铁磁性平板导体件中缺陷的定量检测。仿真结果表明,该模型对平板导体件的上下表面缺陷具有相同的检测灵敏度。     

脉冲涡流无损检测技术对不同截面形状裂纹的定量检测研究

脉冲涡流无损检测技术对矩形截面形状的裂纹具有良好的定量检测能力,但是,实际检测过程中遇到的裂纹缺陷的形状非常复杂,本文在前期工作的基础上,进一步研究了脉冲涡流对其它截面形状裂纹的定量检测问题,实验结果表明以前针对矩形裂纹的方法也完全适用于其它截面形状裂纹的定量检测。     

铁磁构件磁记忆检测技术的研究进展

金属磁记忆技术在检测铁磁构件应力集中和疲劳损伤等早期失效方面具有潜力.从磁记忆效应的机理研究、基础性试验探讨到检测信号的影响因素分析以及工程应用,对该技术在近几年来的发展现状进行了综述,并讨论了其在理论和实际应用中存在的问题.在国内外现有研究的基础上,指出了磁记忆检测技术的特点和需要进一步研究的发展方向.     

考虑磁导率非线性的铁磁材料脉冲涡流检测仿真研究

长期以来,脉冲涡流检测中铁磁材料的磁导率多被视为常数,但这种简化的合理性及其影响尚缺乏充分的证明.本文基于有限元法,建立了探头置于Q235钢板上方的脉冲涡流检测模型,研究了钢板磁导率的空间分布和时间变化规律及其对探头信号的影响,并进行了实验验证.结果表明:钢板中瞬态磁场的工作点与激励电流幅值有关,增大激励电流,磁场可能超出磁化曲线的起始磁化区而进入到瑞利区甚至陡峭区;由于磁导率非线性的影响,激励方波高、低电平段的感应电压信号不成奇谐对称,高电平段的晚期感应电压比低电平段的大;钢板浅层磁导率的变化显著,不能简化为常数,而深层的磁导率变化很小,可视为常数.     

铁磁材料硬度电磁检测模型

针对铁磁材料硬度无损检测问题，借助近代电磁理论，推导出含有复宗量贝塞耳函数的差动探头散射阻抗解析模型。将阻抗解析与铁磁材料硬度检测试验相结合，建立了用于钢轨硬度无损检测的电磁场数学模型，检测系统不确定度在1HRC范围内。     

Remote Field Eddy Current Control Using Rotating Magnetic Field Transducer: Application to Pressure Tubes Examination

The remote field eddy current (RFEC) technique is used to investigate the possibility of detecting the discontinuities practiced on pressure tubes samples from nuclear reactors, pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWR) type. In this article, we propose to develop the RFEC using the technique of rotating magnetic field (RMF). A method for calculating the field generated by the eddy current transducer with RMF using propagator matrix was developed. The experimental measurements are realized for artificial discontinuities practiced in pressure tubes samples.     

Method for Removing Secondary Peaks in Remote Field Eddy Current Testing of Pipes

In the remote field eddy current (RFEC) testing of pipes, because the remote eddy current penetrates the pipe’s wall twice, the testing results exhibit two peaks (primary peak and secondary peak) that originate from both the transmitter and receiver passing by the same place in the pipe. The secondary peaks have the same features as the primary peaks that are used to assess defects, and if there is no separation between primary peaks and secondary peaks, incorrect evaluations of defects will be obtained. Considering the benefits of removing secondary peaks in RFEC testing, dual receivers are taken into account. Dual receivers are set in remote fields and are set coaxially to the transmitter to obtain differential signals at the same time. In the proposed method, position dependent response of the differential signals from the dual receivers is calibrated, a Wiener deconvolution filter is used to identify secondary peaks and filter testing noise, and the factors that affect results of removing secondary peaks are also analyzed. To validate the feasibility of the proposed method of RFEC testing, ANSYS is made use of when setting up the analysis model, and an experimental pipe is designed to be identical to ANSYS model. The results of the analysis of ANSYS and experiments both validate the practicality of the proposed method and show the benefits of simplifying the analysis of RFEC signals.     

Numerical Analysis for Eddy Current Characteristics of Magnetically Saturated Ferromagnetic Tubes

Abstract

Magnetic saturation is applied to ferromagnetic tubes inspected by the encircling or inner coil because suppressing magnetic noise is important for the eddy current testing technique. Eddy current signal characteristics in magnetically saturated tubes are different from those in nonmagnetic tubes. In ferromagnetic tubes, defect signal phase angle is not useful for estimating defect depth because it does not depend on the defect depth. In this paper, numerical eddy current analysis has been done in order to explain the relationship between the defect depth and the phase angle in magnetically saturated tubes. This analysis is performed as follows: 1) The magnetic permeability near the defect is calculated as the non-linear magnetostatic problem. 2) The eddy current distribution is calculated as the linear magnetodynamic problem using the incremental permeability value calculated in step 1. The numerical analysis results reveal that the permeability around the defect remains inhomogeneous and it causes the unique eddy current characteristics. Based on these calculated results, a quantitative evaluation method of determining defect depth is proposed. After determining the defect shape by using signal characteristics obtained from the strongly magnetizing state, the defect depth can be estimated by using the signal amplitude.     

Remote Field Eddy Current Technique: Phantom Exciter Model Calculations

Abstract

High resolution results of finite element calculations for remote field eddy current “phantom exciter” simulations of slit defect interactions using single through wall transit are presented. These show that fine circumferential slits cause almost no field perturbations in the case of nonferromagnetic tubes but big perturbations in ferromagnetic tubes where high magnetic H fields occur in the slits. Defect-induced magnetic field perturbations must therefore be considered in addition to eddy current perturbations when ferromagnetic materials are inspected, particularly in the case of fine slits orthogonal to the magnetic field direction. Additional details seen are the funnelling of energy into slits in ferromagnetic pipes and precursor disturbances of fields approaching defects. It is suggested that these are due to the reflection of the electromagnetic waves dictates by boundary conditions at the near side defect boundary.