超高强度钢中复合MC型颗粒的沉淀析出及强化机制

 利用应力弛豫法测定了一种含Nb,V,Ti和Mo多元微合金元素的超高强度钢在奥氏体中变形时的沉淀动力学（PTT）曲线,发现该钢的PTT曲线具有C形特征,最快沉淀析出温度为940℃,对应的开始析出时间约为3.6s。同时采用化学相分析及X射线小角散射法研究了该钢热轧板中析出相的成分、数量及粒度分布,用透射电镜对其析出粒子形态进行了观察。试验结果表明：该钢最终热轧板中析出相由M(C,N)和ε-Fe3C组成,其中MC型颗粒主要分布在10nm以下且均为球形或近球形,其细晶强化、沉淀强化增量分别约为207.95和195.70 MPa。     

加热工艺对Nb-Ti微合金钢奥氏体晶粒长大的影响

 为了解加热制度对Nb Ti微合金钢的奥氏体晶粒长大和析出行为的影响,采用OM、TEM和EDS分析技术,研究了Nb Ti微合金钢在不同加热温度和保温时间的奥氏体晶粒长大行为,以及微合金元素碳氮化物析出行为。结果表明,随加热温度升高,奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐长大,当加热温度超过1 200 ℃时奥氏体晶粒尺寸快速长大。随保温时间延长,奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐长大,当保温时间超过2.0 h时奥氏体晶粒尺寸快速长大。EDS分析显示Nb Ti钢中的析出物为(Nb,Ti)(C,N)复合相,随着加热温度升高和保温时间延长,析出相体积分数减少,尺寸增大,从而减弱对奥氏体晶粒的细化作用;Nb Ti微合金试验钢合适的加热温度范围为1 150～1 200 ℃,保温时间低于2.0 h。     

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The influence of Mo addition and N content on mechanical properties of martensitic steel through Ti addition was investigated, using Thermo Mechanical Control Process technology (TMCP ) to produce plate in experimental condition. When Mo add to Ti microlloyed steel, the size of TiC precipitates are refined, which results in an austenite grain size refinement from 8 to 5??m with yield strength and impact toughness increasing. As the amount of N increasing in the Ti/Mo microalloyed steel, the micron scale TiN precipitations are increased, so as to the martensitic steel have seriously bad impact toughness at -40?? while small influence on yield strength.     

加热温度对600MPa级高强钢筋组织及性能的影响

为了推进高强钢筋工业应用,以Nb-V复合微合金化600MPa级高强钢筋为研究对象,采用高温激光共聚焦显微镜研究了加热温度对晶粒长大规律的影响,并进行了工业试制。结果表明,随着加热温度升高、保温时间延长,奥氏体晶粒尺寸增大;加热温度从1 180提高至1 270℃,保温60min,奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸从58.7提高至85.1μm。工业试制中,加热温度由1 200提高至1 270℃,珠光体比例增加,珠光体团尺寸增大,屈服强度和抗拉强度升高,伸长率下降,拉伸断口形貌由韧性断裂转变为准解理脆性断裂;当加热温度为1 200～1 250℃时,屈服强度为640～659MPa,抗拉强度为823～846MPa,强屈比为1.28～1.30,断后伸长率为16.6%～19.2%,最大力伸长率为10.6%～13.0%。     

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The evolution of carbide, such as MC and M23C6, has significantly effects on the mechanical properties during hot deformation and heat treatment for GH738 superalloy. In order to investigate the carbide precipitation and distribution, the grain boundary carbide and its dissolution were analyzed after 1100-1170???4h WC treatment, as well as after the pre-heat treatment below the MC carbide dissolution temperature TMC or up, then aged at the different steps based on the standard hear treatment. Furthermore, the carbide precipitation behavior was demonstrated at 700-1050?? aging after 1080???0??5h??AC. These experimental results show that the dissolution temperature of MC carbide is about 1150??. Before the standard heat treatment, the hot temperature excesses TMC, the grain boundary carbide appears as a continuous precipitated morphology, and below TMC, as the discontinuous distribution. Also it was obtained the precipitation peak temperature of M23C6 is 900-950??.     

机车车轮用钢奥氏体晶粒的长大行为

采用金相显微镜和截距法,对不同加热温度和保温时间下机车车轮用钢的奥氏体晶粒长大行为进行研究,分析加热温度和保温时间对奥氏体晶粒尺寸的影响,应用简单动力学模型对奥氏体晶粒的长大过程进行分析,同时研究钢中第二相粒子变化对奥氏体晶粒长大的影响.随着加热温度的升高和保温时间的延长,奥氏体晶粒尺寸明显增加,加热温度对晶粒的长大影响更明显.奥氏体晶粒长大的动力学时间指数随着温度升高而增加且其值均接近理论值0.5;奥氏体晶粒长大和钢中第二相粒子AlN体积分数和尺寸的变化呈明显的相关性.      

二次硬化超高强度钢AF1410奥氏体晶粒长大行为

研究了二次硬化超高强度AF1410钢(%:0.165C、14.10Co、9.83Ni、1.92Cr、1.05Mo)在800～1200℃ 5～180 min加热的奥氏体晶粒长大行为。结果表明,AF1410钢奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸随加热温度的升高和保温时间延长而增大,加热温度超过1100℃后,奥氏体晶粒发生严重粗化;不同加热温度下,该钢的奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸与保温时间符合Beck关系;建立了AF1410钢的奥氏体晶粒长大数学模型,800～1200℃加热时,该钢奥氏体晶粒长大平均激活能为220.2 kJ/mol,其奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸与加热温度之间符合Arrhenius关系。     

The Investigation for Development on Precipitation Phases in 25Co15Ni11Cr2MoE Steel during Tempering

The evolution law of precipitated alloy carbides and reverted austenite in a high Co-Ni secondary hardening ultra-high strength 25Co15Ni11Cr2MoE steel tempered at 300??~ 660?? after quenched has been studied by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD) in this paper. The results show that the precipitate order of alloy carbides with the increasing of tempering temperature from 300?? to 600?? in experimental steel is: dispersed ??-carbides?? lamellar alloy cementites?? dispersed M2C carbides?? coarse M23C6 carbides. When the experimental steel tempering at 495??, fine M2C carbides precipitated on the lath martensite matrix. Meanwhile, coarse lamellar alloy cementites that precipitated during the early tempering stage has all dissolved, and reverted austenite precipitated at the boundaries of lath martensite and grows up into thin-film sharp along the lath boundaries. When the tempering temperature rose to 530??, the content of reverted austenite continues to increase, but the morphology of reverted austenite changed from thin-film to strip or block. When the tempering temperature rose to 530??, the content of reverted austenite in the steel reaches maximum value.     

奥氏体变形温度对Ti-V复合微合金钢析出动力学及组织和硬度的影响

采用应力松弛法研究了不同奥氏体变形温度下Ti-V复合微合金钢沉淀析出的析出-温度-时间曲线（PTT曲线）,并利用OM、TEM、Vickers硬度计等手段研究了奥氏体变形温度对Ti-V复合微合金钢微观组织、析出相及硬度的影响。结果表明,奥氏体中沉淀析出的PTT曲线总体呈典型的“C”曲线形状,最快析出鼻子点温度为960~980 ℃,对应的第二相粒子最快析出开始时间和结束时间分别为2.2 s和131.4 s;原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸随着变形温度的升高整体呈先减小后增大的趋势,且在1 000 ℃左右晶粒最细小（102 μm）,该温度与PTT曲线的鼻子点温度相近,在鼻子点温度附近变形有利于细化原奥晶粒;析出相随着温度的升高逐渐增大,而粒子数目稍有减少;不同的奥氏体变形温度对硬度影响较小,HV硬度基本都处在360±12。      

Effects of Ti and Nb on the Grain Refinement and Mechanical Properties of AISI 4145 Steel

In this study, we investigated the effects of Ti and Nb additions on the grain size of prior austenite and mechanical properties such as yield strength, yield ratio, and impact toughness in quenched and tempered AISI 4145 steel. It was found that the grain size of prior austenite directly influenced the mechanical properties. Thermodynamic calculations were carried out to find the characteristics of the precipitates such as dissolution temperature of precipitates, the average size of precipitate particles, precipitate fraction, and mean distance among precipitate particles, quantitatively. A specimen with low Ti content had a smaller Ti/N ratio than the stoichiometric ratio of 3.42 and showed an effective inhibition of grain growth of prior austenite, whereas a specimen with high Ti content showed a little effect to prevent the austenite grain growth compared with a Ti-free sample. Based on the thermodynamic simulation, the (Nb, Ti) (C, N) complex was precipitated and contributed to the inhibition of austenite grain growth, resulting in not only higher yield strength and yield strength/tensile strength ratio but also improved toughness.