基于市场需求的商务英语实践教学体系的优化

近年来,为了适应我国涉外经贸的快速发展,许多高校纷纷成立商务英语专业.然而,由于实践教学体系的薄弱,导致培养出来的学生不能适应企业需求,动手能力极差,背离了学校培养人才的根本目标.本文试图通过调查研究等方法,找到解决这一问题的有效途径.     

多元化统计学实践教学体系的构建与实施

在市场经济不断深化的新形势下,统计专业传统的实践教学已不适应人才市场的需要.为此,本文通过对高校统计专业实践教学现状的分析,按照统计学实践教学体系的设计原则与要求,从课堂实践子系统、社会实践子系统、认识实习子系统、毕业实习子系统四个角度构建了多元化的立体实践教学体系,以达到实现统计学专业人才培养目标,提高实践教学质量的目的.     

当前大学体育教学存在的弊端及改革思路探索

目前我国大学体育教学存在看种种弊端,比如课程设!单一、理论教学滞后、教学评价方法不科学等,显然已经不能适应市场经济对人才的现实需求了.本文就从分析这些弊端开始对目前的大学体育教学改革的内容、方法、教学模式和教学评价体系等问题进行了初步探讨,以便能使当前的大学体育教学更能适应社会的发展对高素质人才的需要.     

国外高等教育人才培养模式的启示

通过对美英德法日韩俄7国高等教育改革的比较,提出把握高校的发展方向并进行政策引导,高校内部设置跨学科教学研究机构,各学科之间优化课程体系,积极探索特色人才培养模式,以培养适应经济社会快速发展和激烈国际竞争的复合型人才,为深化高等教育改革提供借鉴.     

就业难背景下我国高校人才培养模式改革研究

进入21世纪以来,大学毕业生就业难的问题凸显,在一定程度上成了具有普遍性的社会问题,而且这个问题有进一步发展的趋势.为改善现状,我国高校应在对我国高校人才培养模式作进一步的研究和探讨的基础上,从高校定位、学科和专业设置、教学环节和学生素质培养模式方面等着手弥补我国现行高校人才培养模式的缺陷,培养出与社会发展相适应的人才,提高大学生的就业率.     

探索特色评价体系提高实践教学实效

目前,我国高校思想政治理论课实践教学基本上没有真正能落到实处,已成为影响高校思想政治理论课教学实效性的关键因素之一.究其原因,很重要的一个方面是缺乏一套科学合理的理论课实践教学评价体系.为此,经过多年的研究与实践,我们提出高校思想政治理论课实践教学评价体系的初步方案,希望为解决高校思想政治理论课实践教学中存在的问题提供有益的借鉴.     

论大学英语的开放式教学——以中国地质大学教学改革为例

2004年2月教育部高等教育司制定了<英语课程学习要求>(试行),全国各大高校掀起了大学英语教学改革的热潮,中国地质大学也不例外.我校大学英语实行分课型教学,但经过多年的改革,学生对大学英语课的兴趣没有明显的提高.如何利用分课型这种有利的教学环境,迅速地提高学生的英语水平.本文将探讨开放式教学在大学英语教学中的应用.     

论实践基地对大学生综合素质的培养——以中南大学文学院实践基地为例

建立大学生实践基地,是培养复合型人才的重要保证,是坚持"三个面向"与"四个统一"、适应高校改革和发展、解决实践教学困难的必然要求.实践基地在培养了学生的社会责任感和担当意识、提高专业水平、激发创新灵感、培养健康心理以适应社会挑战等方面具有积极意义.     

四级机考改革下的大学英语教学研究

四级机考已成为未来大学英语四级考试的主流方式,而适应这一新形势的变化,高校、教师、学生三方面都应该尽快作出由笔试向机试的转变.本文针对四级新题型,探讨出一系列适应新要求的大学英语教学模式,目的在于提高高校学生在英语听,说,读,写等方面的英语应用能力,推动大学英语教学改革.     

从大学生英语学习适应性看中学英语教学

中学生步入大学后对英语学习普遍存在不同程度的不适应,具体表现在学习方法、课程设置、教学内容等方面.造成这种不适应的原因主要有:首先,中学阶段养成的依赖性学习习惯;其次,中学英语听说教学的相对滞后;第三,大学生心理上的自我放松.为了使大学生尽快适应大学英语学习,缩短适应期,除大学在英语教学方面的具体措施外,中学英语教学也应积极配合,以使高中生升入大学后顺利过渡到大学英语学习具有前期基础.具体措施主要有:加强中学生自主学习能力培养;加强中学生英语听说能力培养;加强中学生理想信念教育;逐步改变"学习至上"的应试教育评价体系.     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。