Manufacture of Bulk Amorphous Crystal and Micro-Crystal for Pr60Cu(20-x)Ni10Al10Fex and Characteristics of Its Magnetic Apparatus

Bulk amorphous crystal and microcrystal for Pr60Cu(20-x)Ni10Al10Fex (x=0, 8, 15, 20) with the diameter of Φ 2～6 mm were manufactured by electric arc smelting, high frequency heating and copper mold upper suction casting, and its structure was analyzed by X-ray diffract meter. It showed soft magnetic characteristic gradually when Fe content in it was up to 8%. The material was applied to magnetic-electric sensor as key component, output signal of which was measured with the change of Fe content. It shows that the signal changes from weak to strong with the increase of Fe content and presents the largest peak value when Fe is replaced by Cu completely.     

Fe基块体非晶合金的结构转变及其对力学性能的影响

通过铜模吸铸法制备了尺寸不小于2 mm的块体非晶合金Fe45Co7Cr14Mo10Y2B6C15,采用热处理的方式实现非晶合金的结构转变过程,通过组织形貌观察及热力学分析表征非晶合金的结构变化,并且就非晶合金的结构转变对压缩强度及硬度的影响进行了探讨。试验结果表明:非晶合金的结构转变受热力学和动力学因素共同影响;而晶化相的存在会对力学性能产生影响,含部分晶化相的非晶合金硬度升高,压缩强度下降。     

锆基块体非晶合金力学性能的研究进展

锆基块体非晶合金具有优良的非晶形成能力,可在很小的冷却速率条件下获得.锆基非晶合金具有高强度、超塑性、高弹性、高硬度、高耐磨性和高耐腐蚀性能等,有着广阔的应用前景.总结了锆基非晶合金的形成机制,着重对锆基非晶合金的力学性能、耐腐性能等进行了综述.     

Zr基大块非晶的研究

利用射流成型法制备出Zr_52.5Cu_17.9Ni_14.6Al₁₀Ti₅大块非晶.该合金系统具有很强的玻璃形成能力和宽的过冷区,其玻璃转化温度T_g=650.63K,晶化温度T_x=721.90K,过冷区△T_x=T_x-T_g=71.27K.Vicker硬度为558kg/mm²压缩断裂强度1730GPa,弹性模量82GPa.观察其断口有大量纹络状河流花样,并有融化的液滴存在.该合金系统大的玻璃形成能力应归功于合金组元的多样性、组元间大的原子半径比率、组元间大的混合负热及在冷却过程中过冷区粘度的急剧上升等因素.     

用铜模抽拉法制备廉价的Fe74Al4Sn2P10Si4B4C2块体非晶合金

探索了一种制备块体非晶合金的新方法——铜模抽拉法。该方法可利用工业原材料连续制出廉价的块体非晶合金。用该方法制备的Fe74Al4Sn2P10Si4B4C2块体非晶合金棒材,其超冷液相区温度△Tx=17K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg=0．637,具有很强的玻璃形成能力。这说明该方法对于工业化连续生产块体非晶合金有重要的意义。     

大块锆基非晶合金电化学耐腐蚀行为的试验研究

利用电化学极化曲线方法研究了Zr41Ti14Cu12．5Ni5Be22．5Fe5非晶合金及成分相同的晶化合金及纯Zr在硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为。利用减重法研究了Zr41Ti14Cu12．5Ni5Be22．5Fe5非晶合金及成份相同的晶化合金在浓硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为。极化曲线测试结果表明，非晶合金及成分相同的晶化合金与纯金属Zr有很大差异：非晶合金过钝化电位最高，钝化区最长，而纯金属Zr过钝化电位最低；钝化区也最短。减重试验表明，非晶合金的腐蚀速率是成分相同晶化合金的1/4。以上结果表明非晶合金拥有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

Pr基块体非晶的制备及特性研究

在铜模铸造条件下制备了直径5mm的P r61Cu19N i10A l10大块非晶合金,在普通DSC条件下观察了这种合金的玻璃转变温度。对制备的非晶合金进行晶化处理,测定了不同处理温度下的电阻率,观察了P r61Cu19N i10A l10块体合金的缓冷凝固组织。发现随晶化程度的增加,合金样品的电阻率下降,完全晶化后合金的电阻率比非晶态的电阻率低14%。P r61Cu19N i10A l10块体合金的缓冷凝固组织由大量细小规则的树枝状晶和少量共晶组织组成。     

金刚石压机制备大块非晶及纳米晶材料

超高压固结成形方法是非常有应用前景的大块非晶制备方法之一。利用该技术在金刚石压机上对Al82Ni10Y8雾化合金粉末进行了致密化。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜对粉末及大块合金试样的物相、形貌及微观结构进行了分析，结果表明，所制备的块体材料保持了原始粉末状态的非晶及纳米晶结构。     

块体Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5非晶合金的晶化动力学研究

应用变温条件下的JMA方程和Kissinger方程研究长体Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5非晶合金的晶化动力学行为。计算了其玻璃转变温度Tg，晶化起始温度Tx，晶化峰值温度Tpl的激活能E，频率因子和Avrami指数等晶化动力学参数。并将这些参数与非晶条带的相应参数做对比，发现一些描述晶化过程的参量发生了变化。实验结果表明，块体非晶合金的原子活动性小于传统非晶条带，而具有更宽的过冷液相区。     

粉末冶金工艺对大块非晶合金性能的影响

阐述了粉末冶金工艺参数对大块非晶性能的影响。通过在过冷温度区间进行超塑性成形，可以将非晶粉末固结成形为致密的大尺寸的非晶合金。在过冷温度区间进行超塑性成形时，压头的速度Ve，压头压力F，挤压比r，以及挤压过程中的温升△Te等工艺参数对大块非晶合金的成形性及随后的性能具有重要的影响。与直接凝固制备大块非晶的方法相比，该方法可以在非晶形成能力(GFA)相对较低的合金中获得较大尺寸的非晶合金。     

Ti基大块金属玻璃的研究与应用

阐述了Ti基大块金属玻璃(BMG)的成分设计原则及制备方法，并对Ti基非晶合金及其部分晶化复合材料的力学性能及断裂机理进行了评述。结果表明：Ti基大块金属玻璃具有较高的断裂强度、弹性延伸率及一定的塑性延伸率，而经过部分晶化获得的非晶合金基纳米颗粒复合材料，其室温塑性获得很大的改善。在此基础上探讨了该合金目前所存在的问题、研究热点以及其应用前景。     

Cu基块体非晶合金的高温均匀塑性流变行为研究

本文选用非晶形成能力高,且在玻璃转变区和过冷液相区有高热稳定性的Cu46Zr47-x Al7块体非晶合金为研究对象,利用差示扫描量热分析（DSC）、高温真空压缩实验等方法,对其高温均匀塑性流变行为进行研究。结果表明,Cu46Zr47Al7块体非晶合金的高温均匀塑性形变行为依赖于温度和应变速率,随着温度的降低或应变速率的增大呈现出牛顿流变向非牛顿流变的转变,该行为可以用基于自由体积的过渡态理论来进行定量描述。根据过渡态理论拟合出来的驱动体积大致相当于25~50个原子,驱动能为551kJ/mol,说明控制合金高温均匀形变的原子不会脱离周围原子而单独跃迁,其扩散涉及到多原子的协同运动。     

铜镍合金化及半固态处理工艺对ZrCoAl系非晶合金组织的影响

向以Zr80Co15Al5为基体的非晶合金中添加微量铜和镍,利用铜模吸铸法和半固态处理工艺制备棒状(Zr0.88Cu0.12)95-2x Al5(NiCu)x(x=1.5、2.5、3.5)非晶合金。利用SEM、XRD和光学显微镜(OM)分析研究了半固态处理工艺对非晶合金的微观组织结构、玻璃形成能力及断口形貌的影响。结果表明,在半固态处理工艺基础上对Zr80Co15Al5添加微量铜和镍后有较好的晶体形成能力。     

块体金属玻璃的研究现状

介绍了块体金属玻璃的研究和进展。阐述了常见的制备块体金属玻璃的主要方法，如熔体水淬法、铜模吸铸法、熔体喷铸与真空吸铸相结合的制备技术、压铸法、定向凝固铸造法、磁悬浮熔炼铜模冷却法、以金属玻璃为基复合材料的制备方法以及金属玻璃合金丝和管的制备，简要说明了块体金属玻璃的性能特征及应用，并提出了研究过程中值得重视的三个问题。     

热处理对Cu50Zr42Al8块状非晶力学性能的影响

采用铜模吸铸法成功制备了Cu50Zr42Al8块状非晶,用纳米压痕法研究了铸态和低于玻璃化转变温度(Tg)退火后试样的力学性能,等温退火后试样的塑性增加而硬度和弹性减小。     

Crystalline Behavior and Magnetic Properties of Nd60Fe30-x Al10Cox（x = 0,5,10） Bulk Amorphous Alloys

Crystalline behavior and magnetic properties of Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox( x = 0, 5, 10) bulk amorphous alloys were investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Neither glass transition nor supercooled liquid region before crystallization was observed for the as-cast Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox ( x = 0,5,10) bulk amorphous alloys. The glass forming ability can be improved significantly by the addition of Co. The as-cast Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox (x = 0,5,10) alloys show hard magnetic behavior. With the addition of Co content, intrinsic coercivity (iHc) increases while the saturation magnetization(σs) and remanence (σr) decrease. The Curie temperature for the as-cast Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox alloys increases from 451 K for x =0 to 468 K for x = 10. Some pre-cipitation of crystalline phases does not affect the hard magnetic properties of Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox(x = 0,5,10) alloys, while the hard magnetic behavior disappears quickly after the alloys being completely crystallized.     

微量元素Y、Ag对Cu基非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

采用单辊旋淬法制备了Cu50Zr42Al8,Cu46 Zr47-xAl7Yx(x=2,5),Cu43Zr42AlsAg7和Cu43Zr42Al8Ag5 Y2非晶合金薄带,利用X射线衍射和差示扫描量热分析研究了合金样品的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性.结果表明,在Cu50Zr42Al8中添加适量的Ag、Y后使得非晶合金的短程有序结构发生改变.合金Cu46Zr47-xAl7Yx(x=2,5)的过冷液相区宽度ΔTx分别比Cu50 Zr42 Al8增加了19K、30K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg从0.565分别增加到0.579和0.566,参数γ从0.402分别增加到0.418和0.420,说明Y的添加提高了非晶合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力.合金Cu43Zr42 Al8Ag7和Cu43Zr42Al8Ag5Y2与Cu50Zr42Al8相比,约化玻璃转变温度Trg及参数γ均有了明显的提高,达到了0.619、0.416和0.609、0.411,表明Ag的添加、Ag和Y的同时添加均提高了Cu - Zr -Al系非晶合金的玻璃形成能力,但Ag的效果更加显著.     

Amorphous forming ranges of Al-Fe-Nd-Zr system predicted by Miedema and geometrical models

A method based on the semi-empirical Miedema model and a geometrical model was used to study the glass forming abilities(GFA) and the amorphous forming ranges of Al-Fe-Nd-Zr system and its constituent ternary systems.The amorphous forming composition ranges were analyzed based on different criteria such as ΔGam-ss and PHSS(PHSS=ΔHchem(ΔSC/R)(ΔSσ/R)) for Al-Fe-Nd system.The predicted amorphous forming range was in good agreement with the experimental results.The results showed that the criterion of ΔGam-ss was more accurate,and agreed well with the experiment results.The Gibbs free energy difference ΔGam-ss and parameter PHSS were then used to predict the amorphous forming composition range for the rest of the constitutive ternary systems of Al-Fe-Nd-Zr.In addition,the amorphous forming composition ranges of the(Al-Fe-Zr)100–x Ndx(x=50,60,70) systems were predicted by ΔGam-ss and the modified parameter PHSS.The Gibbs free energy of Al10(Fe1–x Zrx)30Nd60 were also calculated.The GFA parameter PHSS indicated that the composition with the highest GFA was Al33.5Fe13.5Zr3Nd50 for the(Al-Fe-Zr)50Nd50 system,Al28.8Fe10Zr1.2Nd60for the(Al-Fe-Zr)40Nd60 system and Al22.8Fe6.9Zr0.3Nd70 for the(Al-Fe-Zr)30Nd70 system,and the results suggested that those alloys with high content of Al had higher GFA.The appropriate content of neodymium and zirconium resulted in the lower value of PHSS and increased the GFA obviously.     

微米级氧化铜（CuO）块状晶体粉末的制备与表征

文章利用一种新颖的浓缩沉淀结合后续热处理的方法制备成功微米级氧化铜块状晶体粉末。采用热重分析（TGA）、差式量热扫描（DSC）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）等分析手段对所获得的前驱体以及煅烧后的粉末进行了表征。结果表明,经过浓缩法制备的前驱体为一种碱式硝酸铜（Cu4（NO3）2（OH）6）粉末,这种前驱体粉末在235℃左右分解成氧化铜（CuO）,CuO粉末的平均粒径约为5μm且为一种块状晶体粉末。     

Rate Dependence of Serrated Flow and Its Effect on Shear Stability of Bulk Metallic Glasses

The rate dependence of serrated flow and its effects on the stability of shear banding were systematically investigated in a prototypic bulk metallic glass.It was found that with the increase of external strain rate,the serra-ted flow is gradually suppressed and could completely disappear at a critical strain rate.The serration size,character-ized by the mean stress drop amplitude,decreases inversely with the strain rate,while the waiting time for serration decreases with the strain rate in a power-law manner.The rate dependence of the serrated flow has important effects on the dynamics and stability of shear banding process,and leads to an optimal plasticity achieved around the critical strain rate for the disappearance of serrated flow.These results are discussed and interpreted in terms of the mi-croscopic deformation theory and the stick-slip dynamics of shear banding for bulk metallic glasses.