非线性离散系统的迭代学习控制方法及其应用*

本文根据误差收敛准则，提出了非线性离散系统的迭代学习算法，给出了ＰＩＤ型学习控制的收敛条件，并证明了ＰＩＤ型学习控制对预定轨线的逼近特性，在交流变频电机起动过程控制中应用表明，使用本文方法可以得到实用的结果。     

带有初始误差修正的迭代学习控制

１　引言在利用迭代学习算法设计控制器时,为了保证算法的收敛性,常对系统的初态限定一定的条件,这就是所谓的初始条件问题．目前发表的文献大都要求迭代初态严格重复期望初态［１—５］．然而,实际的重复定位操作往往会引起迭代初态相对于期望初态的偏移．在很多情况下期望初态是未知的,而系统初态也是固定的．本文研究在迭代初态任意固定的情况下迭代学习控制问题,提出了带有初始误差修正的迭代学习算法,讨论了这种算法的收敛性,给出了算法的极限轨迹．２　主要结果考虑一类非线性系统ｘ（ｔ）＝ｆ（ｘ（ｔ））＋Ｂ（ｘ（ｔ））…     

有限频域线性重复过程的动态迭代学习控制

针对不同相对度的离散线性重复过程,研究有限频域范围的动态迭代学习控制问题.对于零相对度和高相对度的控制对象,结合二维(2D)系统理论,分别设计有限频域的动态迭代学习控制器;然后,运用广义Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov(KYP)引理,以线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的形式给出控制器存在的充分条件以及控制器的增益...     

高相对阶连续时间系统的间接迭代学习控制

本文提出了一类高相对阶线性连续时间系统的间接迭代学习控制算法,该算法相对独立于系统局部控制器,因此可以应用于已有局部反馈控制器的系统.采用具有极点配置的H_∞鲁棒控制器作为系统的内环控制,而在外环通过迭代学习控制调整内环系统的指令信号.通过引入拉氏变化,构建了迭代学习系统的2-D Roesser模型,推导了系统渐近收敛条件,并研究了存在有界初始条件偏移和迭代变化外部干扰时算法的鲁棒性能.最后,利用空中加油对接控制的算例进一步验证了算法的有效性.     

随机时延离散系统的l2-l∞ 滤波器型迭代学习控制

对于具有随机时廷的一类离散系统的滤波器型迭代学习控制,采用满足Bernoulli分布的二进制序列来描述数据传输的随机时廷,利用线性矩阵不等式方法设计具有随机时廷的l2-l∞滤波器.给出了滤波误差系统均方指数稳定且具有给定的l2-l∞性能的充分条件,分析了滤波器型迭代学习控制收敛的充分条件.仿真实例说明了该设计方法的有效性.     

基于经验数据库的迭代学习初始控制输入量的确定

分析了初始控制输入量对迭代学习控制稳定性和收敛速度的影响，提出充分利用系统以往的控制经验来确定迭代学习初始控制输入量的思想，并给出3类确定方法——线性加权法、拟合曲线法和智能化法，对机器人对象的仿真结果表明，恰当地选取初始控制输入量，可使系统以较小的误差对新任务进行跟踪，进而减少迭代次数，提高学习控制的收敛速度，增强对新环境、新任务的适应能力。     

初始误差修正的多智能体一致性迭代学习控制

研究了重复运行的分布式多智能体系统在有限时间内的一致性问题。针对具有固定拓扑结构的多智能体系统,在期望轨迹对应的初始状态未知,且系统存在干扰的情况下,引入虚拟领导者技术,提出了一种同时对各智能体的输入和初始状态误差进行迭代修正的分布式学习控制算法。收敛性分析表明,该算法能够消除由于各智能体初始状态和期望轨迹对应的初始状态不同而引起的各智能体输出不能完全跟踪期望轨迹的状况,实现系统在有限时间内的完全跟踪;仿真结果也证明了算法的有效性。     

线性广义系统的迭代学习控制

针对线性时不变广义系统的迭代学习控制问题．利用时间加权范数性质．通过Frobenius范数给出广义系统在D型和PD型闭环学习律作用下系统的实际输出轨迹逐渐逼近理想输出轨迹的充分条件．并指出在D型闭环学习律的基础上加上P型闭环学习律不影响控制系统的收敛性．但可以改变系统的性能．仿真算例说明了该方法的有效性．     

一类线性M IMO 离散系统的切换控制方法

提出一种针对线性MIMO离散系统的切换控制方法．该切换控制方法不仅利用了系统输出误差，而且利用了控制器的状态变量信息，使系统具有理想的动态响应特性．算法需要较少的被控对象信息，实时计算量小．仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性。     

含输入死区系统的滤波误差初始修正迭代学习控制

针对一类输入环节含死区非线性特性且误差初值非零的非参数不确定系统,提出滤波误差初始修正学习控制方案,分别解决死区斜率下限可知与未知两种情形下的轨迹跟踪问题.给出了两种修正滤波误差信号构造方法,并根据Lyapunov综合方法设计学习控制器,采用鲁棒学习策略处理非参数不确定性和死区非线性特性.经过足够多次迭代后,实现滤波误差在预设的作业区间也收敛于零.文中所提出的控制方案,具有构造简单与实施方便的特点,仿真结果表明了本文所提控制方法的有效性.     

Further results on iterative learning control with convergence conditions for linear time-variant discrete systems

This article is concerned with some further results on iterative learning control (ILC) algorithms with convergence conditions for linear time-variant discrete systems. By converting two-Dimensional (2-D) ILC process of the linear time-variant discrete systems into 1-D linear time-invariant discrete systems, this article presents convergent ILC algorithms with necessary and sufficient conditions for two classes of linear time-variant discrete systems. Main results in (Li, X.-D., Ho, J.K.L., and Chow, T.W.S. (2005), ‘Iterative Learning Control for Linear Time-variant Discrete Systems Based on 2-D System Theory’, IEE Proceedings, Control Theory and Applications, 152, 13–18 and Huang, S.N., Tan, K.K., and Lee, T.H. (2002), ‘Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Convergence of Iterative Learning Algorithm’, Automatica 38, 1257–1260) are extended and generalised.     

Varying trail lengths-based iterative learning control for linear discrete-time systems with vector relative degree

In this article, to tackle with the iteration-varying trail lengths and random initial state shifts, an average operator-based PD-type iterative learning control (ILC) law is firstly presented for linear discrete-time multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with vector relative degree. The proposed PD-type ILC law includes an initial rectifying action against initial state shifts, and pursues the reference trajectory tracking beyond the initial time points. As special cases of the PD-type ILC law, P-type and D-type ILC laws are then introduced. It is proved that for linear discrete-time MIMO systems with vector relative degree, the three proposed ILC laws can drive the varying trail lengths-based ILC tracking errors to zero in mathematical expectation beyond the initial time points. A numerical example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed ILC laws.     

An output-based adaptive iterative learning controller for high relative degree uncertain linear systems

In this paper, we derive an output tracking error model based on signals filtered from plant input and output, and then present a new output-based adaptive iterative learning controller for repeatable linear systems with unknown parameters, high relative degree, initial resetting error, input disturbance and output noise. The proposed controller solves the important robustness issues without assuming the bounds of uncertainties to be sufficiently small and can be applied to high relative degree plants without using output differentiation. Control parameters are updated between successive iterations so as to compensate for unknown system parameters and uncertainties. It is shown that the internal signals inside closed-loop learning system remain bounded and the output tracking error will asymptotically converge to a profile tunable by some design parameters. Furthermore, the learning speed is easily improved if the learning gain is increased.     

不确定离散线性系统的鲁棒单调反馈–前馈迭代学习控制

针对一类不确定离散线性系统,提出一种沿迭代方向鲁棒单调收敛和沿时间方向有界输入有界输出(bouned-input bounded-output,BIBO)稳定的反馈–前馈迭代学习控制策略.首先,将不确定反馈–前馈迭代学习系统表示为不确定二维Roesser模型系统;然后,把二维系统沿迭代方向的鲁棒单调收敛问题转化成一维系统的H∞干扰抑制控制问题,并给出系统的稳定性证明和用线性矩阵不等式(linear matrix inequality,LMI)表示的沿迭代方向鲁棒单调收敛的充分条件,该LMI充分条件不仅可以用于确定反馈–前馈控制器的增益矩阵,而且还可以保证系统沿时间轴方向是BIBO稳定的;最后,仿真结果证明了该反馈–前馈迭代学习控制策略的有效性.     

线性广义系统P型迭代学习控制离散频域收敛性

针对一类线性广义系统,研究其P型迭代学习控制在离散频域中的收敛性态。在离散频域中,对广义系统进行奇异值分解后,利用傅里叶级数系数的性质和离散的Parseval能量等式,推演了一阶P型迭代学习控制律跟踪误差的离散能量频谱的递归关系和特性,获得了学习控制律收敛的充分条件;讨论了二阶P型迭代学习控制律的收敛条件。仿真实验验证了理论的正确性和学习律的有效性。     

基于Jacobi方法的线性离散时间系统的迭代学习控制

提出线性离散时间系统基于Jacobi方法的迭代学习控制问题.通过构建线性迭代学习控制问题与线性方程组之间的联系,将Jacobi方法引入到迭代学习控制中,并由此构建得到迭代学习控制律.借助于矩阵运算,证明这种学习律能使得系统的输出跟踪误差经有限次迭代后为零.数值例子说明了算法的可适用性.     

受扰动2-D线性时变系统的迭代学习控制

利用2-D系统理论的Roesser模型,给出了受扰动的线性时变离散系统迭代学习控制(ILC)问题的一种解决方法.对系统所受的已知扰动,给出其学习律参数的选取范围以及仅经一次迭代就能实现输出完全跟踪期望轨迹的参数选取方法;对系统所受的未知扰动,首先对SISO系统提出其学习律存在的条件及参数选取方法,进而推广到MIMO系统中,提出MIMO系统学习律的参数选取方法.最后给出两个数值例子进一步说明所得结果的有效性.     

Robust iterative learning control for linear systems with multiple time-invariant parametric uncertainties

This article presents a novel robust iterative learning control algorithm (ILC) for linear systems in the presence of multiple time-invariant parametric uncertainties.The robust design problem is formulated as a min–max problem with a quadratic performance criterion subject to constraints of the iterative control input update. Then, we propose a new methodology to find a sub-optimal solution of the min–max problem. By finding an upper bound of the worst-case performance, the min–max problem is relaxed to be a minimisation problem. Applying Lagrangian duality to this minimisation problem leads to a dual problem which can be reformulated as a convex optimisation problem over linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). An LMI-based ILC algorithm is given afterward and the convergence of the control input as well as the system error are proved. Finally, we apply the proposed ILC to a generic example and a distillation column. The numerical results reveal the effectiveness of the LMI-based algorithm.     

Iterative learning control for nonlinear systems with uncertain state delay and arbitrary initial error

Most of the existing iterative learning control algorithms proposed for time-delay systems are based on the condition that the time-delay is precisely available, and the initial state is reset to the desired one or a fixed value at the start of each operation, which makes great limitation on the practical application of corresponding results. In this paper, a new iterative learning control algorithm is studied for a class of nonlinear system with uncertain state delay and arbitrary initial error. This algorithm needs to know only the boundary estimation of the state delay, and the initial state is updated, while the convergence of the system is guaranteed. Without state disturbance and output measurement noise, the system output will strictly track the desired trajectory after successive iteration. Furthermore, in the presence of state disturbance and measurement noise, the tracking error will be bounded uniformly. The convergence is strictly proved mathematically, and sufficient conditions are obtained. A numerical example is shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.