基于率相关三维弹塑性损伤模型的复合材料渐进失效分析

建立了一个同时考虑复合材料非线性力学响应、应变率效应和损伤累积导致材料属性退化的弹塑性三维损伤本构模型。采用改进的塑性力学模型表征材料在动态荷载下的非线性力学行为。为准确预测复合材料在动态荷载下的弹塑性力学响应,引入了率相关放大系数对准静态下的塑性强化函数进行修正。采用“断裂带模型”对已开发的本构模型软化段进行规则化,以减轻有限元分析结果的网格敏感性。采用分区反抛物线插值法对基体损伤初始断裂面角度及纤维扭结/劈裂平面角度进行求解。开发包含数值积分算法的用户材料自定义子程序VUMAT,并嵌于有限元程序ABAQUS V6.14中,对力学行为展现显著非线性力学效应和应变率效应的IM7/8552碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层合板进行了渐进失效分析,验证本文提出的材料本构模型的有效性。结果显示,预测结果与已报道的试验结果吻合良好,表明已建立的率相关三维弹塑性损伤本构模型能准确预测此类复合材料层合板的在动态荷载下的力学行为,为复合材料构件及其结构设计提供了一种有效的分析方法。     

Lemaitre等向硬化弹塑性损伤耦合本构模型积分算法及程序实现EI北大核心CSCD

涉及复杂材料弹塑性损伤问题数值计算研究时,不仅需要选择恰当预测损伤和破坏的本构模型,还需要有效和稳健的本构积分算法。首先,阐述了在热力学和连续介质力学框架下建立弹塑性损伤本构模型的基本步骤;其次,基于Lemaitre等向硬化弹塑性损伤耦合本构模型、相应的本构积分算法-完全隐式返回映射算法(Fully Return Mapping Algorithm)和一致切线模量,采用C++语言在Visual 6.0环境下编制有限元本构求解程序,在塑性损伤修正步中求解返回映射方程时,选取一种简单的形式,只需迭代求解一个标量非线性方程,计算效率较高。最后,通过缺口圆棒数值算例初步验证了程序的正确性,并编制接口程序对计算结果进行可视化。研究结果表明积分算法的有效性及程序的正确性,Lemaitre等向硬化弹塑性损伤耦合本构模型能够较好地模拟韧性材料的破坏发展过程,可以求解类似的有限元边界值问题,为考虑损伤特性的韧性材料结构研究和设计奠定基础。     

Lemaitre等向硬化弹塑性损伤耦合本构模型积分算法及程序实现

涉及复杂材料弹塑性损伤问题数值计算研究时,不仅需要选择恰当预测损伤和破坏的本构模型,还需要有效和稳健的本构积分算法。首先,阐述了在热力学和连续介质力学框架下建立弹塑性损伤本构模型的基本步骤;其次,基于Lemaitre等向硬化弹塑性损伤耦合本构模型、相应的本构积分算法-完全隐式返回映射算法(Fully Return Mapping Algorithm)和一致切线模量,采用C++语言在Visual 6.0 环境下编制有限元本构求解程序,在塑性损伤修正步中求解返回映射方程时,选取一种简单的形式,只需迭代求解一个标量非线性方程,计算效率较高。最后,通过缺口圆棒数值算例初步验证了程序的正确性,并编制接口程序对计算结果进行可视化。研究结果表明积分算法的有效性及程序的正确性,Lemaitre等向硬化弹塑性损伤耦合本构模型能够较好地模拟韧性材料的破坏发展过程,可以求解类似的有限元边界值问题,为考虑损伤特性的韧性材料结构研究和设计奠定基础。     

基于剪切非线性三维损伤本构模型的复合材料层合板失效强度预测

基于连续损伤力学,建立了同时考虑复合材料剪切非线性效应和损伤累积导致材料属性退化的三维损伤本构模型。模型能够区分纤维损伤、基体损伤和分层损伤不同的失效模式,并定义了相应损伤模式的损伤变量。复合材料层合板层内纤维初始损伤采用最大应力准则判定,基体初始损伤采用三维Puck准则中的基体失效准则判定,分层初始损伤采用三维Hou准则中的分层破坏准则判定,为了计算Puck失效理论中的基体失效断裂面角度,本文提出了分区抛物线法,通过Matlab软件编写计算程序并进行分析。结果表明,与Puck遍历法和分区黄金分割法对比,本文提出的分区抛物线法有效地降低了求解断裂面角度的计算次数,提高了计算效率和计算精度。推导了本构模型的应变驱动显式积分算法以更新应力和解答相关的状态变量,开发了包含数值积分算法的用户自定义子程序VUMAT,并嵌于有限元程序Abaqus v6.14中。通过对力学行为展现显著非线性效应的AS4碳纤维/3501-6环氧树脂复合材料层合板进行渐进失效分析,验证了本文提出的材料本构模型的有效性。结果显示,已提出的模型能够较准确地预测此类复合材料层合板的力学行为及其失效强度,为复合材料构件及其结构设计提供一种有效的分析方法。      

循环稳定材料的棘轮行为:II.隐式应力积分算法和有限元实现

针对第一部分发展的、能够合理描述循环稳定材料棘轮行为的粘塑性本构模型,详细讨论该模型的数值计算方法和有限元实现。在径向回退(RadialReturn)和向后欧拉积分方法的基础上,结合连续迭代(SuccessiveSubstitution)方法,推导并建立了针对循环粘塑性本构模型的、新的隐式应力积分算法。为了本构模型在大型有限元分析程序(如ABAQUS等)中的实现,针对有限元的整体节点迭代计算,推导和确立了一个新的、考虑率相关塑性的一致切线刚度矩阵(ConsistentTangentModulus)表达式。通过对一些算例的有限元分析,讨论了建立的隐式应力积分算法的优越性,同时对特定构件的棘轮行为进行了数值模拟,进而检验了有限元实现的合理性和必要性。     

循环稳定材料的棘轮行为:Ⅱ.隐式应力积分算法和有限元实现

针对第一部分发展的、能够合理描述循环稳定材料棘轮行为的粘塑性本构模型,详细讨论该模型的数值计算方法和有限元实现。在径向回退(Radial Retulm)和向后欧拉积分方法的基础上,结合连续迭代(Successive Substimtionl方法,推导并建立了针对循环粘塑性本构模型的、新的隐式应力积分算法。为了本构模型在大型有限元分析程序(如ABAQUS等)中的实现,针对有限元的整体节点迭代计算,推导和确立了一个新的、考虑率相关塑性的一致切线刚度矩阵(Consistent Tangent Modulus)表达式。通过对一些算例的有限元分析,讨论了建立的隐式应力积分算法的优越性,同时对特定构件的棘轮行为进行了数值模拟,进而检验了有限元实现的合理性和必要性。     

基于Hoek-Brown准则的岩体弹塑性损伤模型及其应力回映算法研究

为了克服一般弹塑性损伤模型不能反映岩体结构、岩块强度、应力状态的影响以及非线性破坏特征等问题,该文基于广义的Hoek-Brown（HB）屈服准则,考虑损伤引起的刚度退化和塑性导致的流动两种破坏机制的耦合作用,同时引入修正有效应力原理来考虑孔隙水压力的作用,建立了岩体弹塑性损伤本构模型,给出了损伤变量定义及演化方程。针对该模型在数值求解过程中存在的奇异点问题,从主应力空间推导了弹塑性损伤模型的完全隐式返回映射求解算法,包括弹性预测、塑性修正和损伤修正三个步骤。通过ABAQUS软件的用户子程序接口Umat,实现了弹塑性损伤模型的数值求解过程。采用单轴、三轴压缩试验和隧道算例对模型算法进行验证和分析,结果表明,所建立的HB损伤本构模型能够很好地描述岩体材料的力学特性,在实际岩体工程的损伤模拟中效果令人满意,计算结果对工程有指导意义。     

基于Hoek-Brown准则的应变软化模型有限元数值实现研究

研究提出一种Hoek-Brown（H-B）准则应变软化模型的有限元数值实现方法。分析当前不同脆塑性计算方法的合理性,发现塑性位势跌落可正确计算岩石不同类型破坏,而偏应力等比例跌落和最小主应力不变跌落均存在不足。在此基础上,推导写出基于塑性位势跌落的H-B准则脆塑性隐式本构积分算法,及H-B准则理想弹塑性隐式本构积分算法,并采用一系列应力跌落-塑性流动,将H-B准则应变软化模型嵌入有限元软件ABAQUS中。比较应变软化圆隧围岩收敛位移及应力分布的解析解与本文有限元解,发现二者吻合良好,验证了所建H-B准则应变软化模型的正确性。对某薄上覆盖岩层高内水压输水隧洞工程的计算结果表明,相较理想弹塑性模型,所建应变软化模型可正确反映隧洞顶部围岩塑性区贯通引起的整体结构失稳破坏现象,为工程选择衬砌方案提供依据。     

单向纤维增强聚合物复合材料压缩渐进破坏单向纤维增强聚合物复合材料压缩渐进破坏

复合材料结构在承压时破坏如何演化,是其强度破坏分析的基础和核心任务。本文提出了基于连续介质损伤力学（CDM）的单向纤维增强聚合物复合材料压缩破坏渐进损伤分析（PDA）模型。建模中考虑了材料非线性行为、失效判断及损伤演化中材料性能退化等基本问题,分别对应于拉压不对称弹塑性本构关系、Puck准则、LaRC05准则及考虑破坏面方向的刚度退化方法。该模型通过用户材料子程序接口VUMAT引入到有限元软件ABAQUS中实现了有限元求解。对文献中提供的纵向、横向及偏轴压缩案例进行了数值计算并与试验数据对比。数值分析结果与试验数据吻合较好,证明了该方法的合理性和有效性,对开展多向层合板压缩破坏分析富有参考价值。      

Glass/Epoxy复合材料叠层板面内剪切连续损伤模型

为确定S2玻璃纤维/环氧树脂(S2-Glass/Epoxy) 叠层复合材料面内剪切应力-应变关系,对S2-Glass/Epoxy 叠层复合材料面内剪切拉伸载荷下的弹、塑性连续损伤本构模型及应用进行了研究。基于平面应力状态下的连续损伤力学模型,通过典型面内剪切拉伸实验,分别建立了忽略塑性应变和考虑塑性应变的两种连续损伤力学(CDM)模型,并确定相关参数。通过ABAQUS/Explicit 用户子程序VUMAT接口,分别采用两种CDM模型对S2-Glass/Epoxy 叠层复合材料面内剪切拉伸实验进行有限元数值计算,与实验结果对比,验证模型可靠性,并分析单元类型对有限元计算结果的影响。研究结果表明: 忽略塑性应变的CDM模型可以很好地预测复合材料面内剪切失效强度,但不能较好地预测其非线性力学响应; 考虑塑性应变,将塑性硬化与损伤耦合后的CDM模型则能较好的预测复合材料非线性力学响应和面内剪切失效强度; 该平面应力状态下建立的CDM模型可用于壳单元进行复合材料有限元数值计算,横向剪切作用导致传统壳单元数值计算的载荷位移曲线略低于平面应力单元计算结果; 减缩积分算法有利于提高有限元数值计算结果的准确性。     

A combined elastoplastic damage model for progressive failure analysis of composite materials and structures

The paper is concerned with the development and verification of a combined elastoplastic damage model for the progressive failure analysis of composite materials and structures. The model accounts for the irreversible strains caused by plasticity effects and material properties degradation due to the damage initiation and development. The strain-driven implicit integration procedure is developed using equations of continuum damage mechanics, plasticity theory and includes the return mapping algorithm. A tangent operator consistent with the integration procedure is derived to ensure a computational efficiency of the Newton–Raphson method in the finite element analysis. The algorithm is implemented in Abaqus as a user-defined subroutine. The efficiency of the constitutive model and computational procedure is demonstrated using the analysis of the progressive failure of composite laminates containing through holes and subjected to in-plane uniaxial tensile loading. It has been shown that the predicted results agree well with the experimental data reported in the literature.     

Micropolar hyper‐elastoplasticity: constitutive model,consistent linearization,and simulation of 3D scale effects

A computational model for micropolar hyperelastic‐based finite elastoplasticity that incorporates isotropic hardening is developed. The basic concepts of the non‐linear micropolar kinematic framework are reviewed, and a thermodynamically consistent constitutive model that features Neo‐Hooke‐type elasticity and generalized von Mises plasticity is described. The integration of the constitutive initial value problem is carried out by means of an elastic‐predictor/plastic‐corrector algorithm, which retains plastic incompressibility. The solution procedure is developed carefully and described in detail. The consistent material tangent is derived. The micropolar constitutive model is implemented in an implicit finite element framework. The numerical example of a notched cylindrical bar subjected to large axial displacements and large twist angles is presented. The results of the finite element simulations demonstrate (i) that the methodology is capable of capturing the size effect in three‐dimensional elastoplastic solids in the finite strain regime, (ii) that the formulation possesses a regularizing effect in the presence of strain localization, and (iii) that asymptotically quadratic convergence rates of the Newton–Raphson procedure are achieved. Throughout this paper, effort is made to present the developments as a direct extension of standard finite deformation computational plasticity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Large strain constitutive modelling and computation for isotropic,creep elastoplastic damage solids

A three-dimensional fully coupled creep elastoplastic damage model at finite strain for isotropic non-linear material is developed. The model is based on the thermodynamics of an irreversible process and the internal state variable theory. A hyperelastic form of stress–strain constitutive relation in conjunction with the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into elastic and inelastic parts is employed. The pressure-dependent plasticity with strain hardening and the damage model with two damage internal variables are particularly considered. The rounding of stress–strain curves appearing in cycling loading is reproduced by introduction of the creep mechanism into the model. A numerical integration procedure for the coupled constitutive equations with three hierarchical phases is proposed. A consistent tangent matrix with consideration of the fully coupled effects at finite strain is derived. Numerical examples are tested to demonstrate the capability and performance of the present model at large strain.     

A comprehensive implicit substepping integration scheme for multisurface plasticity

A complex elastoplastic model requires a robust integration procedure of the evolution equations. The performance of the finite element solution is directly affected by the convergence characteristics of the state-update procedure. Thereby, this study proposes a comprehensive numerical integration scheme to deal with generic multisurface plasticity models. This algorithm is based on the backward Euler method aiming at accuracy and stability, and on the Newton–Raphson method to solve the unconstrained optimization problem. In this scenario, a line search strategy is adopted to improve the convergence characteristics of the algorithm. The golden section method, an exact line search, is considered. Also, a substepping scheme is implemented to provide additional robustness to the state-update procedure. Therefore, this work contributes to computational plasticity presenting an adaptive substep size scheme and a consistent tangent modulus according to the substepping technique. Finally, some numerical problems are evaluated using the proposed algorithm. Single-surface and novel multisurface plasticity models are employed in these analyses. The results testify how the line search and substepping strategies can improve the robustness of the nonlinear analysis.     

Rapid implementation of material models within finite element analysis

This paper presents a simple procedure for obtaining a numerical approximation to the consistent tangent matrix, together with a straightforward implicit (Euler backward) integration algorithm. The combined algorithm is used to incorporate four models into the commercial finite element package ABAQUS/Standard; illustrating how it can be used to rapidly implement material models within finite element analysis. The models have been chosen, not only because they help to illuminate the structure of the algorithm, but also because they illustrate its wide ranging applicability and permit the procedure to be tested against analytical results and an existing, well established, model.     

On the numerical integration of a class of pressure-dependent plasticity models

An unconditionally stable algorithm for the numerical integration of elastoplastic pressure-dependent constitutive relations is analysed in detail in this paper. The application of the method to plane stress problems, in which the out-of-plane strain component is not defined kinematically, is discussed. The tangent moduli resulting from this integration algorithm are obtained by consistent linearization of the elastoplastic constitutive equations. The algorithm is applied to Gurson's constitutive model, some one-dimensional problems are solved, and comparisons with exact solutions are made. The paper closes with a numerical study of the necking of an axi-symmetric specimen using Gurson's plasticity model to describe the constitutive behaviour of the material.     

Damage model and implementation in nonlinear dynamic problems

Microcracking, damage and subsequent softening in materials introduce higher levels of nonlinearity than those for materials characterized by nonlinear elastic or classical plasticity models. Hènce, implementation of such advanced models that allow for the foregoing effects require special considerations in terms of the analysis of the characteristics of the model, convergence during plastic deformations, and time integration schemes that consider the nonlinearity.This paper describes a damage model, a special scheme involving drift correction and the generalized time finite element (GTFEM) scheme for time integration for dynamic analysis. The main objective is to examine the model and develop schemes that can lead to consistent and reliable predictions from computational procedures. Toward this aim, (1) the damage model is analyzed with respect to its convergence behavior with mesh refinement, (2) a special drift correct scheme is implemented for the plasticity based model, (3) the generalized time finite element method (GTFEM) is implemented in the nonlinear dynamic finite element procedure for time integration and compared with the Newmark method, and (4) the damage model, the drift correction scheme and the GTFEM are verified by solution of representative static and dynamic problems involving a material (concrete) that experiences damage and softening, including verification with respect to behavior of concrete in the laboratory.