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1.
一种新的三维地景库的建模方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对传统的模拟器计算机成像系统之不足,提出了1种新的视景系统的建模方法,即基于矢量数字地图的三维地景生成算法。该算法以矢量地图为约束,各种地表纹理作为输入样图,用矢量地图中的高程信息构建三维地形网格,并根据矢量数字地图中图元之间的不同属性映射相应的纹理,得到了与矢量数字地图相一致的三维地景。与传统的地景库生成算法相比,新算法生成的三维地景更加真实精确;解决了以往地景库一经生成就无法更改的问题;具有一定的预测和重现场景的功能;缩短了地景库的开发周期,降低了开发成本。同时,运用了基于视点的地景数据动态调度策略,可实现真实场景的实时绘制。 相似文献
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《Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds》2017,28(2)
Embroidery is a traditional handicraft of sewing stitches into fabric or other materials in different patterns, and this ancient non‐photorealistic art form has not drawn enough attention thus far. In this paper, we present an image‐based method to simulate the traditional embroidery art. The method combines stroke‐based rendering techniques with the Phong lighting model to create picturesque embroidery‐like images. We first build a 3D stitch model and derive some most commonly used stitch patterns from it. Then we preprocess the input image by segmenting it into regions, from which the parameters to specify stitch patterns are obtained. Finally, we apply stitches back onto the desired regions and render them under a virtual light source. Experimental results show that our method, different from the existing schemes, is capable of performing fine embroidery simulations with the effects of lighting and shading based on an input image. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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近年来,实时渲染的真实程度不断上升,空间可变双向反射分布函数(SVBRDF)材质也越来越多地应用在实时渲染中.为了避免走样问题,在渲染前有必要对SVBRDF贴图进行滤波.因此,提出一种考虑SVBRDF纹素各个分量贡献度的综合滤波算法.首先,将每个纹素在拟合时的权重定义为其漫反射率、高光反射率的亮度之和;然后,考查已有vonMises-Fisher(vMF)混合模型,并在拟合时加入权重分量;最后,通过启发式地选择k中心算法的初始值,提出一种改进的自底向上多级SVBRDF纹理计算方法.为测试算法效果,手工设计了4套具有不同微观法向分布的SVBRDF贴图.实验结果表明,在渲染这种复杂材质时,所提算法的RMSE值比参考算法降低25.5%;在改变拟合叶片数量时,所提算法仅用2个vMF叶片就可以取得比已有算法用4个叶片更好的渲染结果. 相似文献
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高度复杂的三维场景通常包含几千万甚至上亿个三角形和丰富的纹理,大大超过了目前图形硬件的处理能力。传统基于几何的绘制系统通过牺牲画面质量来实现场景的快速绘制。与此不同,基于图像的绘制技术利用逼真的图像序列来生成高质量的目标画面。研究面向虚拟场景的IBR(Image-Based Rendering)技术来克服现有方法的不足,提出以深度全景视频DPV作为场景表示的基本单元,通过多段深度全景视频组成的深度全景视频网络来表示虚拟场景的漫游区域,它允许视点在漫游平面的封闭区域内连续运动。绘制算法根据目标视点参数计算深度全景视频环中对目标图像有贡献的候选区域,综合利用GPU的强大处理能力和浮点格式的绘制目标,以及多幅深度图像混合绘制技术对候选区域进行绘制来生成目标图像。实验结果表明,深度全景视频绘制技术可实现大规模虚拟场景高质量实时绘制。 相似文献
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We propose a method for converting a single image of a transparent object into multi-view photo that enables users observing the object from multiple new angles, without inputting any 3D shape. The complex light paths formed by refraction and reflection makes it challenging to compute the lighting effects of transparent objects from a new angle. We construct an encoder–decoder network for normal reconstruction and texture extraction, which enables synthesizing novel views of transparent object from a set of new views and new environment maps using only one RGB image. By simultaneously considering the optical transmission and perspective variation, our network learns the characteristics of optical transmission and the change of perspective as guidance to the conversion from RGB colours to surface normals. A texture extraction subnetwork is proposed to alleviate the contour loss phenomenon during normal map generation. We test our method using 3D objects within and without our training data, including real 3D objects that exists in our lab, and completely new environment maps that we take using our phones. The results show that our method performs better on view synthesis of transparent objects in complex scenes using only a single-view image. 相似文献
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一种用于动态场景的全景表示方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对全景图无法表示动态场景这一问题,提出一种用于动态场景的全景图表示方法,将视频纹理和全景图结合起来,构造动态全景图。系统首先将一系列定点拍摄的图像拼接成全景图,然后用摄像机拍摄场景中周期或随机运动的物体,提取视频纹理,最后视频纹理与全景图对准并融合,生成动态全景图。动态全景图既保持静态全景图全视角漫游的优点,又使得场景具有动态的特征,极大地增强漫游的真实感。 相似文献
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提出一种基于图像绘制(image-basedrendering,简称IBR)的算法,以发挥图形卡的纹理映射功能,并能表现物体表面的三维凹凸细节.首先将深度图像的像素按其相关深度分为多层纹理图像,然后利用纹理映射的硬件支持,将这些层次纹理图像依次投影到与视点相关的成像面上,以得到所需目标图像.为了避免目标图像上出现空洞,在生成时,将纹素在深度层次上进行扩展.由于层次纹理图像需要较大的存储空间,并且在装入纹理缓冲时要花费大量时间,为此还提出一种基于压缩层次纹理图像的目标图像生成算法.实验表明新算法是有效的,尤其适于处理与整个物体大小相比深度层次不太多的三维景物,如有表面凹凸纹理(浮雕、门窗等)的建筑物表面等. 相似文献
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Xin Yang Qi Liu Pengfei Zhang Lutong Xin Dongsheng Zhou Yuxin Wang Qiang Zhang Xiaopeng Wei 《Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds》2016,27(3-4):340-350
We design dynamic k‐d (DKD) tree based on classical k‐d tree for animated scene rendering. Our method can inherit the benefit of efficient traversal of k‐d tree and minimize time cost to update DKD tree, making it well suited for animated geometry. DKD employs primitive reset, redistribution to reflect the updated positions of geometry, and leaf node incremental growing to avoid the deterioration of hierarchy quality due to refitting. Our experiments show that DKD has a significant rendering performance improvement than selected existing methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Observational Models of Graphite Pencil Materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mario Costa Sousa & John W. BuchananResearch Scientist at Electronic Arts Inc. 《Computer Graphics Forum》2000,19(1):27-49
This paper presents models for graphite pencil, drawing paper, blenders, and kneaded eraser that produce realistic looking pencil marks, textures, and tones. Our models are based on an observation of how lead pencils interact with drawing paper, and on the absorptive and dispersive properties of blenders and erasers interacting with lead material deposited over drawing paper. The models consider parameters such as the particle composition of the lead, the texture of the paper, the position and shape of the pencil materials, and the pressure applied to them. We demonstrate the capabilities of our approach with a variety of images and compare them to digitized pencil drawings. We also present image-based rendering results implementing traditional graphite pencil tone rendering methods. 相似文献
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Modelling flow phenomena and their related weathering effects is often cumbersome due their dependence on the environment, materials and geometric properties of objects in the scene. Example‐based modelling provides many advantages for reproducing real textures, but little effort has been devoted to reproducing and transferring complex phenomena. In order to produce realistic flow effects, it is possible to take advantage of the widespread availability of flow images on the Internet, which can be used to gather key information about the flow. In this paper, we present a technique that allows the transfer of flow phenomena between photographs, adapting the flow to the target image and giving the user flexibility and control through specifically tailored parameters. This is done through two types of control curves: a fitted theoretical curve to control the mass of deposited material, and an extended colour map for properly adapting to the target appearance. In addition, our method filters and warps the input flow in order to account for the geometric details of the target surface. This leads to a fast and intuitive approach to easily transfer phenomena between images, providing a set of simple and intuitive parameters to control the process. 相似文献
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沙尘暴是一种灾难性的自然景象,对沙尘暴的量化建模与实时绘制,在环境保护、灾难救援、城市交通及影视特技制作等领域有重要的应用价值.为此,提出了一种基于气象学原理的沙尘暴景象参数化建模方法,特别地,分析了上升气流与温度场的关系,并提供了模拟沙尘暴起沙和升流的简化模型.只需输入气压、气温、沙尘密度、场景类型等不同参数即可模拟出特定条件下的沙尘暴景象.在对沙尘暴景象进行实时绘制时,采用基于半角切片的前向多散射的体绘制模型,大大减少了了整体散射模型的计算量.对沙漠和城市场景不同程度沙尘暴景象的实时模拟结果表明了文中方法的有效性;最后采用气象计算模型对所生成的沙尘暴景象的能见度进行了定量的评估分析. 相似文献
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Video-based running water animation in Chinese painting style 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper presents a novel algorithm for synthesizing animations of running water,such as water-falls and rivers,in the style of Chinese paintings,for applications such as cartoon making. All video frames are first registered in a common coordinate system,simultaneously segmenting the water from background and computing optical flow of the water. Taking artists’ advice into account,we produce a painting structure to guide painting of brush strokes. Flow lines are placed in the water following an analysis of variance of optical flow,to cause strokes to be drawn where the water is flowing smoothly,rather than in turbulent areas: this allows a few moving strokes to depict the trends of the water flows. A variety of brush strokes is then drawn using a template determined from real Chinese paintings. The novel contributions of this paper are:a method for painting structure generation for flows in videos,and a method for stroke placement,with the necessary temporal coherence. 相似文献
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An efficient model-independent 3D texture synthesis algorithm based on texture growing and texture turbulence is presented to create vivid 3D solid texture from a single 2D growable texture pattern. Given a 2D texture pattern of some growable material, our technique is able to create an anisotropic 3D volumetric texture cube to simulate the evolution of the material in 3D. An effective tiling scheme is designed to save computation and storage costs. Target objects are directly dipped into the synthesized 3D texture volume to generate creative, sculpture-like models that can be visualized with interactive speed. Our method is conceptually intuitive, computationally fast, and storage efficient compared with other solid texturing methods. As opposed to conventional 2D texture mapping work on polygonal surfaces, our approach is capable of decorating 3D point-rendering systems seamlessly. Furthermore, our combination of texture turbulence and texture growing techniques provides an attractive way to synthesize and tile natural 2D texture patterns, or generate simple but interesting motion textures. 相似文献
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视频监控是大型安防工作中最重要的一个环节,传统的视频监控系统展示给用户的只是独立的二维平面图像,图像脱离环境,整体性不足,为了解决该问题,提出了将视频图像渲染显示于三维模型的思路.研究了纹理映射技术并结合视频图像渲染的特殊性分析研究了Z缓冲算法、Shadow map算法,根据实际应用提出Extend Shadow map算法以实现将视频图像与三维场景无缝贴合.实验结果表明,视频图像渲染显示于三维模型中所体现的优越性. 相似文献
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视频去抖动是视频增强技术的一个重要应用,通过纠正视频帧的位置使视频运动变得平稳。随之而来的问题是如何修复视频帧留下的空缺以保持视频的连续性。在对图像修复技术进行研究的基础上,提出了利用改进的纹理合成技术进行去抖动视频修复的方法。实验给出的视频去抖动效果证明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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基于纹理合成的水墨山水画自动绘制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
通过分析中国山水画的一般创作技法,提出了基于纹理合成的水墨山水画绘制方法.将一幅图像作为控制图像,用于控制要绘制的区域轮廓和明暗色调;采集画家的手稿作为样本图像,通过纹理合成绘制出国画绘画中的各种皴、染笔触;在传统的纹理合成方法上,提出了一种目标控制的多级纹理合成算法,该算法能利用控制图像有效地控制纹理合成的结果.从而可以将一幅数字照片或简单的手绘图自动地转换成各种中国水墨画效果的图像.仿真结果证明了该方法对于各种山水画的绘制具有良好的效果. 相似文献
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We devise a technique designed to remove the texturing artefacts that are typical of 3D models representing real-world objects, acquired by photogrammetric techniques. Our technique leverages the recent advancements in inpainting of natural colour images, adapting them to the specific context. A neural network, modified and trained for our purposes, replaces the texture areas containing the defects, substituting them with new plausible patches of texels, reconstructed from the surrounding surface texture. We train and apply the network model on locally reparametrized texture patches, so to provide an input that simplifies the learning process, because it avoids any texture seams, unused texture areas, background, depth jumps and so on. We automatically extract appropriate training data from real-world datasets. We show two applications of the resulting method: one, as a fully automatic tool, addressing all problems that can be detected by analysing the UV-map of the input model; and another, as an interactive semi-automatic tool, presented to the user as a 3D ‘fixing’ brush that has the effect of removing artefacts from any zone the users paints on. We demonstrate our method on a variety of real-world inputs and provide a reference usable implementation. 相似文献