Eigenschaften und Anwendung von Textilbeton

Specifications and Application of Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is a new composite with specific properties. This paper should address the needs of a generally understandable introduction into TRC design for practitioners. Because TRC leaves the existing range of application specific properties as well as similarities and differences to steel reinforced concrete will be illustrated. In detail requirements for fibre materials, typical materials and technologies for production of textile reinforcement and TRC are elucidated. The discussion of various case studies of existing applications serve for demonstrating specifics and capabilities of this composite. It also shows important first principles for designing with TRC. A set of typical material data should enable readers to think about applications of this innovative composite.     

Zeitabhängiges Verhalten von Makrokunststofffaserbeton und dessen Einfluss auf die Bemessung von Industriefußböden

Time Dependent Behaviour of Macro Synthetic Fibre. Reinforced Concrete and its Influence on the Design of Industrial Slabs on Ground Material tests and tests on structural elements with synthetic macro fibre reinforced concrete are presented. The experimental program included the investigation of the load carrying capacity and the deformation behaviour under short‐term as well as under long‐term loading conditions. Long‐term load tests were carried out on pre‐cracked fibrereinforced concrete beams to measure the load level above which creep failure can occur. At service load level creep coefficients for a time period of up to three years were determined. Centre point load tests were carried out on concrete slabson‐ground. Two slabs were reinforced with steel mesh and two with synthetic macro fibres only. The tests were performed under short‐term and long‐term loading conditions over a period of 18 month. The current main application of synthetic macro fibre reinforced concrete is slab‐on‐ground. Slabs‐on‐ground can be designed under the assumption of elastic subgrade reaction. The concrete slab itself can be calculated either by elastic theory for uncracked concrete or by yield line theory taking fibre reinforcement into account. Based on the test results of the experimental programme, design recommendations for permanently loaded slabs‐on‐ground are presented.     

Bemessung von Fundamentplatten aus Stahlfaserbeton gemäß ÖVBB Richtlinie Faserbeton und DBV Merkblatt Stahlfaserbeton

Static Analysis and Verification of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Foundation Slabs according to the Austrian Guideline “Fibre reinforced concrete” and DBV (German Concrete Association) Recommendations “Steel fibre reinforced concrete” Steel fibre reinforced concrete is used for foundation slabs of housing structures since many years. The Austrian guideline [1] and the DBV recommendations [2] provide material properties and design values for calculation and verification of steel fibre reinforced concrete structural members. This paper provides a comparative study on foundation slabs taking both guidelines into account. A nonlinear finite element parameter study has been performed in order to verify a simplified static calculation and verification method. This calculation method is based on the yield line theory. This paper concludes with a sample calculation for steel fibre reinforced foundation slabs according to the Austrian and German design recommendations.     

Modellbildung zur Simulation von Stahlfaserbeton unter hochdynamischer Belastung

Modelling of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete under High Dynamic Loadings For structural protection against extraordinary loads it is important to find construction materials that offer properties that are especially applicable to the problem. One of these materials is steel fibre reinforced concrete. However, for high dynamic loads like from impact or detonation steel fibre reinforced concrete is not yet investigated sufficiently. This article describes a new empirical material model for the simulation of steel fibre reinforced concrete under high dynamic loadings. This material model also includes a damage model which describes the degradation of stiffness and strength in consequence of plastic (compaction and shear) strain. The model is implemented in a hydrocode and validated by a multitude of contact detonation tests. From these results it could be shown that the numerical simulations carried out with the new steel fibre reinforced concrete model are capable to complement or to reduce the expensive and time‐consuming experiments, respectively.     

Betontechnologie und Dauerhaftigkeit von glasfaserbewehrten Bauteilen

Concrete Technology and Durability of Glass Fibre Reinforced Structures The durability of glass fibre reinforced concrete structures is significantly determined by matrix composition, the type of glass and its surface quality including necessary coatings. In the paper an experimental overview is given concerning special material influences and their interaction in the composite.     

Verbunddecken aus Stahlfaserbeton und Holz

Composite Floors made of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete and Timber For many years the timber‐concrete composite construction is known and approved particularly with regard to the revaluation and strengthening of timber beam ceilings. The benefits are an obvious increase of the load bearing capacity, a reduction of the deflection, a better vibration behaviour of the ceiling and an improvement of building physical properties like sound insulation and fire resistance. The reinforcement of the concrete slab is necessary, but leads to a large slab thickness in connection with the necessity of a sufficient concrete cover and to disadvantages during the execution of construction work. Therefore it is reasonable to replace the conventional reinforcement by steel fibres. This paper reports on two building projects and their associated experimental pre‐tests, in which steel fibre reinforced concrete was applied for the strengthening of timber beam ceilings.     

钢纤维钢筋混凝土梁抗剪性能的研究

本文在41根集中荷载和均布荷载作用下钢纤维钢筋混凝土梁抗剪试验的基础上,全面深入地讨论了钢纤维钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪性能和机理,建立了钢纤维钢筋混凝土梁的设计、计算方法,为编制《钢纤维混凝土结构设计与施工规程》提供了依据。     

钢纤维混凝土建筑地面工程技术规程及其应用

介绍了《佳密克丝钢纤维混凝土建筑地面工程技术规程》(DBJ CT0 0 8 2 0 0 0 )主要内容 ,论述了佳密克丝钢纤维混凝土有关特点和性能 ,提出了推广应用这种新型建材的几点建议     

Statische und dynamische Berechnung von Turbinenfundamenten aus Stahlbeton

Structural and Dynamic Analysis of Turbine Foundations in Reinforced Concrete This paper presents the state of art of layout and analysis of turbine foundations in reinforced concrete from the civil engineering point of view. Possible foundation types, loads to be taken into account, and requirements to be met are discussed in detail. Current analysis methods for the determination of eigenvalues and dynamic amplitudes as well as the treatment of special cases in earthquake zones are described. Constructional aspects and characteristic data of realized gas and steam turbine foundations complete the paper.     

型钢混凝土梁柱节点抗剪承载力研究

文章根据型钢混凝土节点的受力机理,分析了节点的抗剪承载力计算的方法。在已有的节点试验资料基础上,对《钢骨混凝土结构设计规程》(YB 9082-97)、《型钢混凝土组合结构技术规程》(JGJ 138-2001)、我国梁柱节点专题组、西安建筑科技大学关于型钢混凝土节点抗剪承载力公式进行了比较,指出了我国型钢混凝土梁柱节点研究中的不足。     

型钢混凝土梁柱节点的研究现状

分析了当前较常用型钢混凝土梁柱节点的构造形式、受力性能和影响因素。根据已有的节点试验资料 ,对国内关于节点抗剪承载力计算公式———特别是《钢骨混凝土结构设计规程》(YB 90 82 - 97)和《型钢混凝土组合结构技术规程》(JGJ 138- 2 0 0 1)规定的计算公式进行分析比较 ,进而指出了我国型钢混凝土梁柱节点研究中的不足。     

Bauteile aus Stahlfaserbeton und stahlfaserverstärktem Stahlbeton

Mit der zu erwartenden Einführung der Richtlinie “Stahlfaserbeton” des Deutschen Ausschuss für Stahlbeton (DAfStb) entsteht für den Verbundwerkstoff Stahlfaserbeton ein neues, breites Spektrum an zusätzlichen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Durch die Wirkung der Fasern im Beton können nach Überschreitung der Betonzugfestigkeit nennenswerte Kräfte zwischen den Rissufern übertragen und bei der rechnerischen Erfassung des Tragverhaltens berücksichtigt werden. Im Aufsatz werden Vorgehensweisen, Hilfsmittel und ein auf Tabellenkalkulationen und Optimierungsmethoden basierendes Programm zur Biegebemessung und Verformungsabschätzung von Querschnitten und Systemen aus Stahlfaserbeton und stahlfaserverstärktem Stahlbeton entwickelt. Grundlage sind die bekannten Bemessungsansätze und ‐hilfsmittel für Stahlbetonquerschnitte. Die Anwendung der Hilfsmittel – auch für Verformungsabschätzungen auf Basis nichtlinearer Verfahren – zeigen zwei Beispiele. Structural Elements of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete with or without Bar Reinforcement Tools for Design and Deflection Estimations according to the Guideline “Stahlfaserbeton” by DAfStb The expected release of the guideline “Stahlfaserbeton” by ‘German Committee for Reinforced Concrete’ (DAfStb) offers a wide application range for the composite material steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC). Due to additional steel fibres in concrete considerable tension forces can be transferred between crack edges after reaching plain concrete's tensile strength. These forces can be accounted for in calculation of load bearing capacity. Adapted from common design methods and tools for plain reinforced concrete new procedures, tools and a computer application – based on spreadsheet analysis and optimisation methods – for SFRC are presented in this article. These allow for both bending design as well as deflection estimation of crosssections and structural systems made of SFRC with and without additional rebars. Their application – also in case of deflection estimation using non‐linear methods – is demonstrated in two elaborated examples.     

预应力型钢混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算方法探讨

在已有预应力混凝土结构和型钢混凝土结构理论分析的基础上,提出基于YB 9082-2006《钢骨混凝土结构设计规程》和JGJ 138-2001《型钢混凝土组合结构技术规程》的预应力型钢混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算方法,并与试验结果对比,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,从而为预应力型钢混凝土梁的实际工程应用提供理论基础。     

Verformungsvorhersage bewehrter Plattenelemente aus Stahlfaserbeton

Prognosis of the Deflection of Reinforced Slabs of Steel Fibre Concrete As a basis for comparative investigations to the deformation behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs and reinforced slabs of steel fibre concrete four attempt elements were exposed to (in October, 2003) a mechanical long‐term load and the deformation behaviour for a period of 41 months was observed. The existing load was reduced in two load steps. Through this the influence of the back‐deformation was gathered. The attempted results are demonstrated and compared to the results of theoretical investigations.     

纤维混凝土研究进展

分析了单掺钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维及玄武岩纤维分别对混凝土性能的改善作用,论述了国内外单掺纤维混凝土研究的理论成果以及这种增强材料的不足,指出了混杂纤维增强混凝土性能的优越性和研究的必要性,并介绍了混杂纤维增强材料的定义、分类及增强机理,列举了混杂纤维增强材料的国内外研究概况,最后对混杂纤维混凝土的研究前景进行了展望。     

常用截面钢骨混凝土梁简化设计方法

结合《钢骨混凝土结构设计规程》（YB9082-97）和《型钢混凝土组合结构技术规程》（JGJ138-2001）,针对钢骨混凝土梁分析常用截面钢梁和混凝土梁分别分担内力的比例关系,提出了根据内力合理选择钢骨混凝土梁截面的简化设计方法,可供设计人员参考。     

配筋钢纤维混凝土梁正截面抗裂计算

通过对试验结果的统计分析 ,研究了钢纤维类型和钢纤维含量特征值对钢筋钢纤维混凝土和预应力钢纤维混凝土梁正截面抗裂弯矩的影响规律 ,分析了钢纤维对混凝土抗拉强度的增强效应与钢纤维对梁正截面抗裂度的增强效应之间的相关关系。提出了配筋钢纤维混凝土梁正截面抗裂弯矩计算建议 ,供修订我国的《纤维混凝土结构技术规程》及工程设计与施工参考     

Rissbildung und Zugtragverhalten von mit Fasern verstärktem Stahlbeton am Beispiel ultrahochfesten Betons

Crack Formation and Tensile Behaviour of Concrete Members Reinforced with Rebars and Fibres exemplified by Ultra‐High‐Performance Concrete Part 1: Crack Mechanical Relationships When combining conventional non‐pre‐stressed or pre‐stressed reinforcement with fibres, differences in the load‐carrying and deformation behaviour arise in comparison to the well‐known reinforced and pre‐stressed concrete. This fact holds true comparably for all concrete classes. However, it is of special interest for ultra‐high‐performance concretes (UHPC), because fibres are added to these concretes generally to improve ductility. With regard to durability, the positive influence of the fibres on the crack formation process and the crack widths in the serviceability range is significant. Especially for enhanced requirements concerning the crack width (order of magnitude: 0.1 mm) with combined reinforcement of rebars and fibres an essential improve compared to reinforced concrete can be achieved. The analysis of the crack formation process presumes the understanding of the different behaviours of the two reinforcing elements ”rebars” and ”fibres”. In part 1 of this contribution, the therefore required mechanical relationships are presented and linked with each other considering equilibrium and compatibility. In part 2 the derived relationships are validated on the basis of experimental investigations on tensile members with combined reinforcement made of UHPC. The application is furthermore illustrated by means of two examples. Because of its universal formulation, the presented proposal is generally applicable to all types of concrete reinforced with rebars and fibres, i.e. it is not limited to ultra‐high‐performance concrete.     

Numerische Modellierung von textilbewehrtem Beton

Numerical Modelling of Textile Reinforced Concrete The paper provides a short survey of the state‐of‐the‐art approaches to numerical modelling of the textile‐reinforced concrete with the focus on the special requirements arising from the heterogeneity of the material structure. The presented models make it possible to thoroughly interpret and generalize the experimental results and, thus, to contribute to the goal‐oriented development of the textile reinforced concrete in general.     

钢骨-钢管混凝土组合柱轴压组合刚度分析

基于钢管混凝土核心柱在应用中存在内外不能很好共同工作的可能,提出一种新的钢骨—铜管混凝土组合柱,并对该种柱的组合刚度的计算进行研究。通过对3个含钢率不同的轴心受压钢骨—钢管混凝土短柱的试验值与理论计算值的比较,验证了钢骨—钢管混凝土柱的组合刚度的计算方法的合理性,并揭示了含钢率对组合刚度的影响规律。结果表明：钢骨—钢管混凝土组合柱具有很大的优势,能够克服钢管混凝土组合柱的不足。