结合位置先验与稀疏表示的单帧人脸图像超分辨率算法

提出了一种结合位置先验与稀疏表示的人脸图像超分辨率算法,可对单帧输入的低分辨率人脸图像基于训练集进行超分辨率重建。利用压缩感知理论中的信号分解方法,〖BP(〗明确哪些方法更好〖BP)〗,将稀疏表示与人脸位置先验信息相结合,使用经过分类的超完备冗余字典,来分别稀疏逼近输入信号的块向量结构。利用最佳的K项原子,线性组合重建出高分辨率图像块。最后按照图像块最初在人脸的位置,将它们拼接为整体人脸。在CAS-PEAL-R1人脸图库上的实验结果表明,该算法使用相对较少的原子,就可以重建出质量较好的高分辨率人脸图像。     

基于过完备字典稀疏表示的图像超分辨率研究

提出一种基于过完备字典稀疏表示的通用图像超分辨率算法。利用过完备字典代替稀疏基,采用学习的方法得到低分辨率图像和高分辨率图像之间的关系,最终从高分辨率图像块的字典中重构出超分辨率图像。实现了基于matlab的稀疏表示(omp算法)和字典更新(K-SVD算法)的字典学习算法,并通过仿真实验,以PSNR等指标论证了编码算法的有效性。     

基于过完备字典的鲁棒性单幅图像超分辨率重建模型及算法

针对单幅含噪图像的超分辨率重建问题,基于图像在过完备字典下的稀疏表示建立了超分辨率重建模型.该模型中低分辨率字典采用K-SVD算法直接训练,高分辨率字典则由高分辨率图像块与低分辨率字典下的同构的表示系数进行逼近求得;近似的高分辨率图像块通过高分辨率字典乘以表示系数得到,为使重建结果对噪声具有鲁棒性,利用基于稀疏表示的噪声图像恢复的方法由重叠的近似高分辨率图像块求得最终结果.实验结果表明,文中模型无论是主观视觉还是客观评价指标均取得了较好的效果,并验证了模型及算法的有效性.     

基于稀疏表示和近邻嵌入的图像超分辨率重构

提出基于稀疏表示和近邻嵌入的单帧图像超分辨率重构算法;为低分辨率和高分辨率图像块训练两个基于稀疏表示的过完备字典,在训练的低分辨率图像块和高分辨率图像块中分别选取与这两个字典原子最近的图像块近邻,通过图像块近邻来计算构图像块的权重;一旦得到权重矩阵,高分辨率重构图像块可以由低分辨率图像块与相应权重相乘来表示;与之前的算法相比,所提出的算法在计算字典原子与图像块距离的时候不是逐个图像块进行计算,而是先将图像块聚类,计算字典原子与类中心的距离,在距离最近的一类中选取图像块;计算权重矩阵的时间可以大大减少,提高计算效率;所得到的PSNR与其它算法相比,也有一定提高。     

基于稀疏表示的单幅图像超分辨率重建

针对单幅低分辨率灰度图像,提出一种基于稀疏表示和字典学习的超分辨率重建算法,通过选择合适的过完备字典,图像块可表示为字典元素的稀疏线性组合。对于输入的低分辨率图像,寻求每一图像块的稀疏表示,利用此表示系数产生高分辨率图像输出。为消除Elad方法重建图像中产生的黑色边缘并提高重建图像的质量,文中在稀疏表示方法的基础上利用反向投影法对其进行改进。仿真实验结果表明,本文改进算法不仅实现了上述目的,而且在图像信噪比和算法运行效率上都有所提高,从而达到了算法改进的目的。     

基于稀疏表示的单幅图像超分辨率重建

针对单幅低分辨率灰度图像,提出一种基于稀疏表示和字典学习的超分辨率重建算法,通过选择合适的过完备字典,图像块可表示为字典元素的稀疏线性组合。对于输入的低分辨率图像,寻求每一图像块的稀疏表示,利用此表示系数产生高分辨率图像输出。为消除Elad方法重建图像中产生的黑色边缘并提高重建图像的质量,文中在稀疏表示方法的基础上利用反向投影法对其进行改进。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法不仅实现了上述目的,而且在图像信噪比和算法运行效率上都有所提高,从而达到了算法改进的目的。     

基于稀疏表示的含噪图像超分辨重建方法

传统的含噪图像超分辨方法只能将图像去噪和图像超分辨分别进行处理,基于稀疏表示与字典训练的含噪声图像超分辨重建方法将两者融合在一起。提出一种基于图像块在训练字典下稀疏表示的协同处理方法,来解决含噪图像超分辨的问题。由于图像块可以由字典下的稀疏系数来表示,所以可训练一个分别适用于含噪低分辨率图像块和清晰高分辨率图像块的字典对,使得高低分辨率图像块在该字典对下具有相同的稀疏表示。当输入含噪低分辨率图像块时,先计算出其在低分辨率字典下的稀疏表示系数,然后利用此稀疏系数在高分辨率字典下进行重建,可得到清晰高分辨率图像块,最后通过整体优化完成清晰高分辨率图像,实现图像超分辨和图像去噪的目的。实验证明,采用局部自适应插值的方法放大低分辨率图像到中间分辨率再进行特征提取,比以往采用的双三线性插值的方法在重建图像质量上有提高,并通过研究字典λ参数的设置使得超分辨重建和去噪结果同时达到最佳,即在图像的视觉和质量上都具有较为明显的优势,具有很好的鲁棒性和有效性。     

稀疏字典编码的超分辨率重建

基于学习的超分辨率方法通常根据低分辨率图像从样本库中选取若干特征相似的匹配对象,再使用优化算法进行超分辨率估计,但其结果受匹配对象的质量限制,并且匹配特征一般只选择图像的几何结构信息,匹配准确性较低.提出了稀疏字典编码的超分辨率模型,将高、低分辨率图像特征块统一进行稀疏编码,建立高、低分辨率图像的稀疏关联,同步实现匹配搜索和优化估计,突破了上述方法的限制.应用形态分量分析法提取图像的特征数据,提高了特征匹配的准确性,并同步实现超分辨率重建和降噪功能.优化方法采用稀疏K-SVD算法以提高稀疏字典编码的计算速度.采用自然图像进行实验与其他基于学习的超分辨率算法相比,重建所得到的图像质量更优.     

基于卡通纹理分解和稀疏表示的图像超分辨率重建

针对Yang等人提出的基于稀疏表示的图像超分辨率的重建效果不够理想问题,提出了一种将图像卡通纹理分解和稀疏表示相结合的方法用以实现单幅低分辨率图像的超分辨率重建。本文提出的算法涉及到卡通字典和纹理字典的学习,图像重建过程分为两步。首先重建观测低分辨率图像的卡通高分辨率图像和纹理高分辨率图像,最后将重建的卡通和纹理高分辨率图像线性加权叠加,实现低分辨率观测图像的超分辨率重建。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在主观视觉和客观指标峰值信噪比(PSNR)上都有明显的提升。     

稀疏字典编码的超分辨率重建?

基于学习的超分辨率方法通常根据低分辨率图像从样本库中选取若干特征相似的匹配对象,再使用优化算法进行超分辨率估计,但其结果受匹配对象的质量限制,并且匹配特征一般只选择图像的几何结构信息,匹配准确性较低。提出了稀疏字典编码的超分辨率模型,将高、低分辨率图像特征块统一进行稀疏编码,建立高、低分辨率图像的稀疏关联,同步实现匹配搜索和优化估计,突破了上述方法的限制。应用形态分量分析法提取图像的特征数据,提高了特征匹配的准确性,并同步实现超分辨率重建和降噪功能。优化方法采用稀疏K-SVD算法以提高稀疏字典编码的计算速度。采用自然图像进行实验,与其他基于学习的超分辨率算法相比,重建所得到的图像质量更优。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。