融合改进指尖点和Hu矩的手势识别

基于轮廓的识别算法能够很好地处理手势的外观变化,但现有的识别算法在目标旋转和缩放时其识别率和鲁棒性较低,针对这一问题提出了一种基于指尖点和Hu不变矩的手势识别方法。该方法对基于曲率的指尖检测方法进行改进,增强指尖点特征提取的鲁棒性;融合Hu不变矩和指尖点特征,提高手势模型的全局描述性;利用能够自动添加新手势的识别算法,提高算法的实用性。实验表明,该方法在满足实时性的基础上有效地提高了手势识别的准确性和鲁棒性。     

基于组合不变矩和神经网络的三维物体识别

在三维物体识别系统中,提出将三维物体的Hu不变矩和仿射不变矩两者的低阶矩组合作为三维物体的特征,结合改进的BP神经网络应用于三维物体的分类识别。理论分析和仿真实验表明组合这两种矩特征进行物体识别,性能优于单独使用Hu不变矩,如果进一步对这两种组合的矩特征进行主成分分析处理,可显著提高系统识别性能,并减少网络的训练时间。     

基于颜色聚类和Hu不变矩的道路交通标志检测

介绍了一种基于颜色分割和区域描述的交通标志检测方法。该方法利用在RGB空间的颜色聚类算法分割出感兴趣色彩区域,然后进行形态学处理,最后结合Hu不变矩对道路交通标志进行识别。识别结果表明,基于颜色聚类和Hu不变矩的交通标志识别方法具有很强的抗图像平移、缩放和旋转识别能力,并具有实现简单、识别速度快、准确率高等特点,有较高的实用价值。     

一种新的不变矩与神经网络玉米病害识别系统

基于不变矩理论,对玉米病害图像进行二值化、图像归一化处理,提出一种新的、具有较好逼近能力和较强容错能力的RBF-BP神经网络识别系统。利用Hu不变矩特征的平移不变性、比例不变性、旋转不变性和对目标良好的抗干扰性等特性,处理复杂、多变的玉米病害图像,形成不变矩特征矢量样本库。根据Hu不变矩在提取图像特征过程中的可靠性、独立性及数目小的特点和RBF-BP神经网络在识别过程中较好收敛性特点,对玉米病害图像进行特征提取、网络训练和病害特征的识别。仿真实验结果表明RBF-BP神经网络系统的有效性。     

基于Hu不变矩特征优化的人体运动姿态识别算法

人体的运动过程较为复杂,图像中的相似动作很多,对传统的特征识别形成干扰,造成识别准确性不高。为了提高其识别正确率,提出一种Hu不变矩和人工鱼群优化支持向量机的人体运动姿态识别模型(Hu-AFSA-SVM)。首先,以二维连续图像为基础,提取图像中人体运动姿态识别的7个Hu不变矩,然后将其输入到SVM中进行训练,并采用AFSA对SVM参数进行优化,通过寻找一个最优超平面,尽可能在满足分类的限制条件下,将所有人体运动姿态分类数据集中的类别分开,在克服干扰下,完成识别。最后对其进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明,相对于其它识别模型,Hu-AFSA-SVM提高了人体运动姿态识别正确率,同时加快了识别速度,是一种有效的人体运动姿态识别方法。     

Hu新增不变矩在零水印中的应用

文章提出了一种使用Hu新增不变矩的零水印算法。该方法融合Hu不变矩及其新增的几个不变矩的特征,形成一组更为完备的特征矢量。文章利用这些特征矢量可以更好的构建零水印系统。在模式识别领域中使用这种方法可以实现对目标图像更为准确的识别;在图像检索领域中此方法比单一的Hu不变矩具有更好的检索性能。它不但保持原有Hu矩的平移、尺度、旋转不变性,而且比原有的Hu不变矩包含了更多的细节信息因此可以更全面地描述图像。所以将新增的几个不变矩和7个Hu不变矩应用到数字水印中,在一定程度上可以很好的提高水印系统的整体鲁棒性和可靠性。     

基于双特征匹配层融合的步态识别方法

步态识别是根据人类走路的姿态来进行远距离的身份识别。针对轮廓不完整的图 像和关键帧容易造成部分信息丢失而引起的识别率下降问题,提出一种基于双特征匹配层融合 的步态识别方法。步态既有静态图像特征,又有动态速度变化特征,因此本文提出用匹配层融 合方法将静态的 Hu 矩 6 个不变矩特征和动态的帧差百分比特征融合后进行步态身份识别。首 先对一个周期内的归一化步态图像进行 Hu 矩特征以及帧差百分比的特征提取,将 Hu 矩 6 个不 变矩特征描述成一个特征向量,然后运用匹配层融合算法对 2 个特征进行融合;最后使用 K 近 邻分类器进行身份识别。实验表明,该方法较单一方法能够有效地提高步态识别正确率。     

基于Tchebichef不变距的图形识别

论文提出一种新的基于Tchebichef不变距的图形识别方法,Tchebichef不变距通过对图像进行大小归一化、平移处理以及旋转处理并结合Tchebichef正交距得到;利用提出的Tchebichef不变距作为特征进行图形的识别,和采用Hu不变距以及Zernike不变矩的识别方法相比,无论是在无噪声还是在有噪声的情况下都有更高的识别精度;仿真试验证实了本方法的可行性。     

曲波变换用于磨粒图像不变矩的提取

曲波变换(curvelet)具有各向异性和良好的曲线奇异性表达能力。为了克服Hu不变矩和不变小波矩在表达铁谱磨粒形貌信息方面的不足,将曲波变换引入磨粒特征提取过程,并与Hu不变矩结合,提出一种基于曲波变换的磨粒图像不变矩提取方法。首先利用曲波变换将图像进行分解与重构,得到不同尺度的子图像;然后提取各子图像的Hu不变矩,获得图像的曲波不变矩;最后将该方法应用于典型磨粒识别,总识别率达到83.33%。实验结果表明,与Hu不变矩和不变小波矩相比,磨粒图像的曲波不变矩能更好地表达磨粒的形貌特征。     

一种新的证据组合规则应用于序列图像目标识别

提出了一种新的证据理论组合规则,并结合BP神经网络和证据推理对序列图像目标识别问题进行应用.以修正的Hu不变矩为图像特征,利用数据融合的思想对来自目标的序列图像进行时间域融合处理.由BP神经网络对目标的初步识别结果构造基本置信指派函数,用该组合规则进行决策级数据融合,完成了三维飞机图像目标的识别仿真.仿真结果表明,新的组合规则结合BP神经网络的融合方法提高了三维飞机目标识别的准确性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.