抗菌棉织物的纳米银原位制备及其性能

采用银氨溶液原位还原法制备稳定的、抗菌性持久的棉织物。探讨了银氨溶液浓度、处理温度、处理时间等因素对银负载量的影响,并与AgNO3溶液处理棉织物作了比较,测试了含银抗菌织物的抗菌性能和断裂强力。研究表明,棉织物负载银的合适工艺为：温度80 ℃,银氨溶液浓度2 mmol/L,反应时间90 min。在相同条件下,银氨溶液处理后的棉织物表面银的负载量高于硝酸银溶液。利用该法制备的抗菌棉织物具有优良的抗菌性,经过50次标准洗涤后,抗菌棉织物仍具有优良的抗菌性。抗菌处理后,织物的断裂强力影响很小。     

自还原法制备纳米银抗菌棉织物工艺初探

通过利用纤维素纤维自身对银离子的吸附性和还原性,尝试直接利用硝酸银溶液与棉织物反应制备纳米银抗菌棉织物,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外分光光度计、电感耦合等离子体(ICP)对制备的纳米银抗菌棉织物进行表征;考察了反应温度、时间、浴比、硝酸银溶液浓度等因素对制备纳米银织物银含量的影响。结果表明,自还原法可制备纳米银抗菌棉织物,织物表面负载的银粒子尺寸为10～140 nm,且自还原法相对工艺简单,能够降低环境污染和减少浪费。     

甲基丙烯酰胺接枝棉织物纳米银抗菌整理

针对目前棉织物纳米银抗菌整理存在银离子利用率低和耐水洗性差的问题,采用棉织物甲基丙烯酰胺接枝、硝酸银浸渍和汽蒸整理工艺,制备纳米银抗菌整理织物。研究整理工艺因素对硝酸银利用率、整织物纳米银含量以及抗菌性能的影响,考察整理织物的耐洗性。实验结果表明：甲基丙烯酰胺接枝可提高硝酸银利用率和织物纳米银含量,接枝率15.05%时,硝酸银利用率最大,织物纳米银含量最高;硝酸银浓度0.1mM时,整理织物纳米银含量为102.9 mg/kg,大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌抑菌率均达到99.9%,50次洗涤后,银含量保留率为83.19%,两种菌种的抑菌率仍超过97%。研究表明甲基丙烯酰胺接枝、硝酸银浸渍和汽蒸的纳米银整理工艺,银离子利用率高,整理织物具有优异的抗菌及耐洗涤性能。     

新型载银抗菌棉织物的研制

以γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)为偶联剂在棉织物表面连接氨基,然后利用氨基与银离子的络合作用在棉织物上负载银。探讨了偶联剂浓度、偶联温度、络合温度等因素对银负载量的影响,并测试了载银抗菌棉织物的抗菌性能。结果表明,偶联处理的优化工艺为：偶联温度为50℃,偶联剂浓度为0.4%;络合反应的优化工艺为：络合温度为35℃,AgNO3溶液的pH =3.0,反应时间100 min。经过处理得到的载银抗菌棉织物对大肠杆菌和白色葡萄球菌都具有良好的抗菌性,且经10次洗涤后,抗菌性能仍显著。     

马来酸酐改性甲基丙烯酰胺接枝棉织物的纳米银整理

采用马来酸酐对甲基丙烯酰胺接枝棉织物进行改性,并通过银离子浸渍吸附和汽蒸还原的整理工艺,制备纳米银抗菌棉织物。采用红外光谱图分析改性接枝棉织物结构,结果表明:马来酸酐与织物接枝物聚甲基丙烯酰胺的氨基反应,实现了马来酸酐改性的目的。研究整理工艺因素对整理织物上银质量分数的影响,测定整理织物的抗菌耐洗性,并采用扫描电镜观察整理织物的纤维表面形态。结果表明:当浸渍时间30 min,汽蒸时间45 min,硝酸银浓度0.1 mmol/L时,整理织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率达到99.99%;整理织物经过50次标准洗涤后抑菌率仍保持在97%以上,具有良好的耐洗性;相对于未改性的接枝棉织物,经马来酸酐改性的接枝棉织物能有效阻止纳米银的团聚。     

茶叶提取物纳米银的制备及其对棉织物的抗菌整理

以茶叶水浸提取物为还原剂和稳定剂,通过和银氨溶液反应制得稳定的纳米银溶胶抗菌剂。利用激光粒度分析仪(Nano-Sizer)、透射电镜(TEM)和紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)表征了所制备的纳米银;利用制得的纳米银溶液对棉织物进行抗菌整理,采用扫描电镜(SEM)结合能谱分析(EDS),观察载银整理后纤维表面银颗粒的分布和形貌,分析纤维表面元素成分;测定了整理织物的抑菌效率、白度及耐洗性。试验结果表明,制得溶胶中纳米银的平均粒径基本在20 nm左右,放置一个月后纳米银仍然保持良好的分散稳定性;经纳米银整理后,银成功地负载到棉织物表面,但是织物表面的纳米银颗粒发生了一定程度的团聚;整理织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率分别为99.83%和99.69%,经过20次洗涤后,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率仍能达到98%以上,具有较好的耐洗涤性。     

丝素纳米银对棉织物的整理研究

本研究利用丝素中酪氨酸残基来还原银氨络离子得到丝素纳米银水溶液,同时利用制得的丝素纳米银溶液对棉织物进行整理,测试了整理前后棉织物的抗菌性能、耐洗性能以及织物的风格等。结果表明,丝素制得的银纳米粒子平均粒径在10 nm左右,具有良好的均匀性和分散性。整理后的棉织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别达到了99.72%和99.68%,且耐洗性能良好。同时,棉织物表面摩擦系数变小,织物手感变得光滑,获得了丝的质感。     

棉织物纳米银抗菌整理

探讨了纳米银系无机抗菌剂应用于棉织物的抗菌整理工艺，测定了整理织物的抗菌效率、白度及耐洗性;利用X-射线衍射法测定处理前后棉纤维的结晶度，采用扫描电镜观察抗菌织物的纤维表面形态.试验结果表明，整理织物的抗菌效率可达99.9 %，织物上银含量为82 mg/kg，整理效果的耐洗性较好.     

纳米银负载对棉织物活性染料染色的影响

为推广纳米银抗菌整理在棉织物染整加工中的应用,采用在位还原法在棉织物上还原银氨溶液生成纳米银并将其与染色相结合,探究纳米银负载对染料上染率以及先染色后整理和先整理后染色工艺对织物色光的影响,测试染色织物水洗后的色光变化和抗菌、耐水洗性能。结果表明,纳米银负载对上染率的影响主要与银氨溶液浓度、染料结构有关。银氨溶液浓度增加导致织物色光变化明显,且先染色后整理的织物变化更为严重。2种工艺处理的棉织物均具有良好的抗菌性和耐水洗性能,而断裂强力则下降15%左右。     

化纤织物的纳米银抗菌整理

采用浸轧法对化纤织物进行Dorafresh纳米银抗菌整理，试验了不同轧液率、加酸条件、整理液曝光对织物抗菌效果的影响；测试了整理织物的银含量、透气透湿性能、抗菌织物的耐洗性；分析了纳米银颗粒粒径的分布状况。试验结果表明，织物的杀菌率与纳米银含量关系较大；轧液率对整理织物的透气性和透湿性影响小。该抗菌整理对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制作用显著，杀菌率达到99％以上，50次洗涤后的杀菌率大于60％，耐洗性能优良。     

一步法原位生成纳米Ag-ZnO复合整理棉织物

为了实现对纺织品的多功能化整理,本文以棉织物为研究对象,利用端氨基超支化聚合物HBP-NH2通过微波法在织物中一步原位控制生成了纳米Ag-ZnO,研究了整理后棉织物的抗菌和抗紫外性能等。结果表明：HBP-NH2具有多重作用,能够同时与Ag+和Zn2+反应控制生成纳米Ag和纳米ZnO。利用不同浓度整理液整理棉织物,可以获得不同纳米Ag和纳米ZnO含量的棉织物。XRD、XPS和SEM分析表明纳米纳米Ag和纳米ZnO成功整理到棉织物中,粒径为30～120nm。纳米Ag-ZnO复合整理棉织物同时赋予了其优异的抗菌和抗紫外性能,整理后的棉织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率均达到了99.99%。另外,复合整理还能改善纳米Ag整理对棉织物白度的影响。     

Ag nanoparticles-coated cotton fabric for durable antibacterial activity: derived from phytic acid–Ag complex

Abstract

This study focuses on the preparation of functional cotton with high and durable antibacterial activity by in situ formation of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) onto cotton fabric derived from phytic acid-Ag complex. The route can be divided into two simple steps, adsorption of silver ions onto cellulose matrix with phytic acid as a capture agent and subsequent reduction of Ag⁺ to Ag NPs by sodium borohydride. The successful deposition of Ag NPs on cotton fabric was verified by SEM, EDS and XPS. The bacterial reduction rate against E. coli and S. aureus for the as-treated fabrics was above 99%, even after 10 laundry cycles. The phytic acid was found of benefit to distribution and bonding of silver on the cotton fabric, which might lead to the enhancement of antibacterial property and durability against wash. This study may provide a green, novel and simple strategy to manufacture Ag-based antibacterial cotton for potential applications in textile industry.     

改性活性棉织物的纳米银原位组装抗菌整理

为实现纳米银在棉织物上的定向原位组装,以及纳米银抗菌纺织品的绿色、简便、高效、可循环的加工工艺,通过对棉织物进行氧化处理并接枝"核-壳"结构的改性聚酰胺超支化聚合物,制备了具有主动捕捉银离子、还原银离子、控制纳米银粒径、固着纳米银功能的活性棉织物。利用改性活性棉织物进行纳米银原位组装,对整理后的棉织物进行了表征,测试了其抗菌性能及耐洗性。结果表明:通过氧化、接枝处理能够将聚合物接枝到棉织物上,并且棉织物的活性改性处理对织物的力学性能影响不大。改性后的活性棉织物能够进行连续加工整理,整理过程实现零排放。整理后的棉织物纤维表面分布着大量5~25 nm的纳米银颗粒,其对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率均在99.9%以上,且具有优异的耐洗牢度。     

金纳米粒子改性靛蓝染料的制备及性能研究

以2-硝基苯甲醛为稳定剂制备了金纳米粒子,进而合成了金纳米粒子改性靛蓝染料,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、紫外分光光度计(UV-vis)等确认了其结构。对染色棉织物进行了上染率、力学性能和抗菌性能等测试。研究结果表明:金纳米粒子改性靛蓝对棉织物的染色性能优于商业靛蓝,经其染色的棉织物具有良好的抗菌性能,对金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠杆菌的抑菌率分别为95%和90%。     

纳米银的可控制备及对棉织物的抗菌整理

利用改性聚酰胺超支化聚合物（PNP）在水溶液中制备纳米银,探讨了其还原、控制制备纳米银的机理,研究了所制备的纳米银水溶液的抗菌性能,并利用PNP在棉织物中原位控制生成纳米银,以实现对棉织物的抗菌整理。结果表明：PNP中的氨基能够主动诱捕、还原银离子,并通过PNP的分子网络结构对纳米银的生成起控制作用。通过调节银离子的量,制备了平均粒径分别为13.23、4.34、2.66 nm的纳米银水溶液,所制备的纳米银水溶液最小抑菌浓度为2 mg/L。利用PNP原位控制生成纳米银整理的棉织物具有优异的抗菌性能,其对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率均在99 %以上,并具有优异的耐洗牢度。     

A new route to synthesis silver nanoparticles on polyamide fabric using stannous chloride

Here, a one step in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles on polyamide fabric was successfully performed using stannous chloride (SnCl₂) as a reducing and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a stabilizing agent. The treated fabrics were characterized with X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersion spectrum. The antibacterial activities of the fabrics against two diverse bacteria were examined and the fabrics color measured with reflectance spectrophotometer. The results revealed well loading and distribution of Ag NPs on the fabric surface with a crystal size of 16 nm with good antibacterial properties.     

藜麦皂苷与纳米银配合物的制备及其协同抗菌性的研究

以藜麦皂苷和硝酸银为原料,通过生物还原法制备藜麦皂苷与纳米银配合物,并研究配合物的抑菌活性。利用紫外可见分光光度计（UV-vis光谱仪）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对藜麦皂苷与纳米银配合物进行表征分析;通过抑菌圈实验、最低抑菌浓度（MIC）实验、最小杀菌浓度（MBC）实验等研究藜麦皂苷与纳米银配合物的协同抗菌性。结果表明,藜麦皂苷与纳米银配合物为球形,粒子直径大部分集中在10 nm附近,单分散性好;在420 nm处出现特征吸收峰。藜麦皂苷与纳米银配合物对食源性微生物有较好的抑制作用和协同抑制作用,其中对表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果最好,抑菌直径分别为（11.33±0.58）、（10.67±1.15） mm,对正常胃黏膜上皮细胞（GES）及胃癌细胞（SGC）毒性较低。藜麦皂苷作为生物还原剂使纳米银的溶解性与分散性增强,保留了纳米银本身的广谱抗菌特性,并相互协同使纳米银抗菌活性增强。     

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Exhaustion on Cotton Fabric Simultaneously Using Laser Ablation Method

ABSTRACT

In this experimental research, the silver nanoparticles were synthesized on cotton fabric using laser ablation method in the same bath. Also the effects of the size of silver nanoparticles (NPs) on the structural and antibacterial properties of silver NP-coated cotton fabric have been investigated experimentally. A pulsed laser beam was used for synthesis of Ag NPs on cotton fabric. Pulses of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser of 1064 nm wavelengths at 7 ns pulse width and different fluencies was employed to irradiate the Ag target in deionized water in the presence of cotton fabric. Four samples were prepared using different laser fluencies. The amount, size, morphology, and structure of produced NPs were studied using their spectrum in the range of UV to IR, and scanning electron microscopy methods. Fabrics were polluted by gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The colony counting method was used to investigate the antibacterial activity of prepared cotton samples. Results show that laser ablation for synthesis of Ag nanoparticles on cotton fabric is an inexpensive fast method for producing antibacterial fabrics.     

Plasma sputtering as a novel method for improving fastness and antibacterial properties of dyed cotton fabrics

Improving the fastness properties and antibacterial activity of dyed cotton samples is the main goal of this research work. First, cotton fabrics were dyed with various types of dyestuffs such as direct, vat, and reactive. Then, prepared samples were sputtered using plasma sputtering system for 15?s by silver and copper. In this study, we have used a DC magnetron sputtering system for deposition of metal nanolayer on the surface of samples. Samples were placed on the anode. The cathode particles were scattered by attacking active ions, radicals, and electrons. After plasma treatment, the reflection factor of sputtered samples was measured using reflective spectrophotometer. Also wash and light fastness properties of both sputtered and non-sputtered samples were compared according to ISO standards. The antibacterial efficiency was determined by bacterial counting test. The antibacterial properties of the fabrics were connected with the presence of metal on their surface. Silver or copper particles were deposited on the surface of cotton samples, and the antibacterial activity has been developed, through incorporation of metal nanoparticles on fabric surfaces. The results show that sputtering technique can be a novel method for improving the fastness properties of dyed cotton samples.     

In Situ Generation of Bimetallic Nanoparticles in Cotton Fabric Using Aloe Vera Leaf Extract,as a Reducing Agent

ABSTRACT

In the present work, bimetallic nanoparticles were in situ generated in cotton fabrics using Aloe Vera extract as reducing agent. The nanocomposite cotton fabrics were prepared, individually with 5 mM concentrations of Ag and Cu salt solutions and equi.molar concentration of their combination, characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and antibacterial tests. FT-IR studies reveal that nitro compounds and hydroxyl groups are involved in reduction of the metal salts into their metal nanoparticles. The nanocomposite cotton fabrics have shown good antibacterial activity for five bacteria. These fabrics can be used for dressing, wound healing, packaging, and medical applications.