循环水系统不停车清洗预膜方案

简要概述了该公司生产过程中循环水系统换热器情况、生产现状及清洗预膜方案,详细论述了循环水系统不停车清洗预膜方案的实施过程,最后对方案作技术性总结.     

循环水二次清洗预膜的技术探讨

化工装置运行一定周期后,因为循环水水质控制因素的复杂性,实际存在各种结垢和腐蚀,因此根据条件会对循环水系统进行二次清洗预膜。但设备的状态和初次投用时已发生了很大的变化,因此清洗预膜的过程难度增大,旁路挂片检测有效性降低,简要对循环水二次清洗预膜过程进行分析总结,为化工装置的循环水系统再次清洗预膜提出切实可行的解决办法以及有效的建议。     

循环水系统不停车清洗预膜方案

概述了某公司生产过程中循环水系统换热器情况、生产现状及清洗预膜方案，详细论述了循环水系统不停车清洗预膜方案的实施过程，最后对方案作技术性总结。     

循环水系统清洗预膜管理总结

简述循环水系统清洗预膜的必要性,对循环水系统清洗预膜过程的药剂的使用、指标的控制及效果监测相关方法进行总结,并找出其改进方向。     

循环冷却水系统不停车清洗预膜技术应用

简要对兖矿鲁南化肥厂新建循环水系统不停车清洗预膜技术进行总结,重点介绍了清洗预膜的意义、原理、实施过程及效果。     

多晶硅循环水系统的化学清洗及预膜处理

循环水系统的化学清洗及预膜工作是循环水系统正常稳定运行的基础。介绍了多晶硅循环水系统的化学清洗、预膜方法及注意事项,对预膜效果进行了评价。     

LX-W068清洗预膜剂在循环水冷却水系统开车前的应用

介绍循环水开车前清洗、预膜的过程及过程控制,在清洗、预膜过程中应该注意的事项及应对方法 ;本次施工使用的LX-W068清洗预膜剂产品具有使用浓度低,排污少,节水,减少操作时间,有利于满足环保要求等特点,值得推广使用。在水温高的情况下,一般预膜效果会更好的特点,建议循环水系统清洗、预膜时间最好选择在夏季进行。     

循环水系统在线清洗预膜技术应用小结

总结了循环水系统在线清洗预膜的控制过程、技术要点和效果,对存在的问题提出了处理建议。     

磺基水杨酸法测定循环水化学清洗、预膜液中的铁离子

随着水资源的不断减少,为了节省用水,工业用水开始大量采用循环水。所谓循环水就是通过水与空气接触,由蒸发散热、接触散热和辐射散热三个过程共同作用冷却后的水,又被称为循环冷却水。为保证工业生产正常进行,循环冷却水系统的化学清洗和预膜是必要的。每当工厂里新进一批设备或进行大范围维修后,都必须进行循环水化学清洗和预膜。而化学清洗和预膜工作的开展是以铁的含量为标准的,所以说,分析铁离子含量对循环水化学清洗和预膜工作至关重要。本文探讨磺基水杨酸分光光度法在测定循环水化学清洗、预膜液中的铁离子的优势。     

循环冷却水系统清洗预膜及相关问题的探讨

本文分阶段介绍了清洗预膜的过程及关键点,在过程中应当注意的问题及处理方法:清洗阶段应当避免对管线设备的影响;置换阶段根据现场条件权衡置换方式,快速置换;预膜阶段投加药剂最好选择连续性或分阶段加药方式;清洗预膜时间最好选择在夏季进行,以确保系统预膜的效果。根据现场系统的特点,较好的完成了清洗预膜工作,为后期其它循环水系统清洗预膜工作,提供了较好的经验。     

一次电泳湿漆膜剥落事故的处理

涂装线采用常规阴极电泳涂装,正常生产工序为预清理→预脱脂→脱脂→水洗→表调→磷化→水洗→沥水→电泳→超滤水洗→水洗→烘干→沥水及吹水,但在烘干前吹水时出现数台车电泳湿膜脱落现象,经讨论分析及现场取证确定为漆膜在超滤水洗过程中出现返溶所致。     

正交实验法确定乙丙装置水洗单元的最佳工艺条件

在乙丙橡胶后处理步骤的水洗过程中胶液难于分相,乙丙橡胶己烷溶液相与水相分界边缘较浑浊,胶液提取困难。作者通过水凝聚正交实验法进行了包括温度、水相pH值、m（胶）：m（水）、搅拌速度等因素条件的正交筛选实验,确定了最佳的水洗条件。     

液膜法处理含酚油品碱洗液

油品碱洗产生大量的含酚碱洗液，采用液膜技术对该碱洗液进行了处理研究，试验用碱洗液的含酚浓度为200－4000mg/L，在V乳液∶V废水为1∶20、乳液复用一次的条件下，处理后的废水酚浓度小于30mg/L。     

离心萃取机在硝基苯生产中的应用

在硝基苯生产过程中,用2台离心萃取机对硝化反应后的物料进行碱洗和水洗,与传统工艺相比简化了流程,提高余酸和硝基酚类的脱除率,减少废水量50%。     

影响粗苯产量的因素

对焦化企业粗苯产量的影响因素进行全面的分析,对洗苯温度、洗油质量、过热蒸汽、富油温度、粗苯温度等主要影响因素做了详细分析与总结,并得出以下结论：洗苯效率随着入塔煤气温度的升高而增加,煤气最佳温度为20～25℃;确保洗油质量的措施是控制再生器的排渣次数和排渣温度,每周排渣3次,排渣温度190℃为佳;蒸馏塔顶温度为94～96℃、蒸汽温度为340℃以上,富油温度为180～190℃;冷却后的粗苯温度在25-30℃之间时,粗苯产量为最佳。     

催化剂洗涤工艺的改进

己内酰胺生产过程中苯甲酸加氢反应采用钯碳(Pd/C)催化剂,催化剂离心洗涤存在操作复杂、过程中催化剂损失等一系列弊端,提出了静态洗涤替代离心洗涤的工艺,提高了系统的安全性,降低了维修费用,彻底解决了离心洗涤存在的问题。     

Effect of Fine Bubbles on Removal of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate Surfactant during the Rinsing Stage of Laundry Washing

The use of fine bubbles is a promising approach to remove surfactant efficiently during the rinsing process of clothing, to fulfill a requirement. Therefore, the influence of fine bubbles on the removal performance of surfactant from cloth during the rinse process of pulsator washing machine (top loading type) was investigated. The test apparatus was assembled by connecting a microbubble generation tank and a small washing machine with tubes and circulating fine bubble water to a small washing machine. Swatches of cloth with a specified amount of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) adsorbed from aqueous solution, were rinsed with tap water, and the LAS concentration in the rinse water was examined with an HPLC system equipped with a high-precision fluorescence detector. The average bubble diameter of the fine bubble water used was 0.13–1.4 μm. In the rinsing experiment, no difference was found in the final LAS removal efficiency between water with and without bubbles; but the former increased the LAS removal rate during the initial stage of rinsing. This tendency was particularly noticeable when the stirring power of the washing machine was weak. Therefore, it was concluded that the fine bubble effect on the removal of the surfactant is mainly a kinetic effect rather than an equilibrium effect.     

Impact of downstream processing on crystal quality during the precipitation of a pharmaceutical product

In pharmaceutical industries, active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) are made of crystals whose properties must be controlled because they influence the end-use properties of the drug. Even if crystal quality is mainly determined during the precipitation step, downstream processing also has an influence. In this study, the influence of washing on the crystal size and shape was analyzed. For the API being considered, different impurities have to be removed from the final suspension by filter cake washing. The efficiency of the washing steps was measured by different types of characterization on the solid phase (differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and size distribution) and on the remaining filtrate (concentration of impurities). A second component also coprecipitates with the API. A specific study has been carried out on the withdrawal of this by-product and on its impact on the evolution of the crystalline form during washing steps. It was found that three filter cake washings allow us to remove all the impurities and to obtain a pure crystalline form.     

碱洗粗磷酸三苯酯工艺研究

为了解决水洗粗磷酸三苯酯造成下水的酸，酚污染，介绍了新的工艺方法－碱洗法。     

On the Role of Aging, Washing, and Drying in the Synthesis of Polycrystalline Zinc Oxide by Precipitation: Combining Fast Continuous Mixing, Spray Drying and Freeze Drying to Unravel the Solid-State Transformations of the Precipitate

The continuous precipitation of zinc carbonates using aqueous solutions of zinc nitrate and sodium carbonate was quenched within a few seconds by combining a micromixer with a bench-top spray dryer. In this way, it was possible to monitor the slow phase transformation of the initially formed sodium zinc carbonate into zinc hydroxy carbonate during subsequent washing and drying. An increased stirring rate applied during washing was found to accelerate this phase transformation, thus influencing the specific surface areas and pore size distributions of the ZnO powder materials finally obtained after calcination.