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1.
附着藻类床去除城市污水中的氮、磷 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用鞘丝藻处理城市污水,通过静态试验考察了氮磷比、藻类生物量、填料密度、藻细胞饥饿程度等因素对其去除水中NH4^+-N和PO4^3--P的影响;采用推流式反应器进行动态试验,考察了附着藻类床对NH4^+-N和PO4^3--P的去除效果。结果表明,当氮磷比为10∶1、填料密度为5 g/L、生物量为1 g/L、藻细胞饥饿2 d时,鞘丝藻对NH4^+-N和PO4^3--P的去除效果较好;在HRT为3 d的条件下,附着藻类床对NH4^+-N和PO4^3--P的平均去除率分别为85.9%和63.0%,出水DO浓度大为提高,电导率有所降低。 相似文献
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佛山水道底泥的污染物释放动态模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为定量评价底泥对上覆水水质的影响,给河道底泥整治工程方案的选择提供参考,采用佛山水道的污染底泥以COD、NH3-N和TP为研究对象,进行了污染物释放的动态模拟,并根据试验结果用平均值法计算了底泥污染物的释放量。结果表明,污染程度较高的底泥对上覆水中NH3-N、COD和TP浓度的贡献依次为0.65、4.25和0.067mg/L,分别占Ⅳ类水质标准值的43.3%、14.2%和22.3%。这说明在外源污染被控制后,如果没有采取有效措施抑制底泥污染物的释放,很难使佛山水道的水质达到Ⅳ类标准。 相似文献
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在实验室条件下模拟引调长江水稀释磁湖水,考察了稀释后磁湖底泥的释磷规律.结果表明,当湖水和长江水按1:4(体积比)混合作为上覆水时,磁湖的表层底泥表现为先吸磷后释磷,至试验后期,与原湖水相比,除个别泥样上覆水的SRP和TP浓度略微降低外,大部分泥样上覆水的SRP和TP浓度均有一定程度的升高,说明在引水稀释条件下磁湖底泥的内源磷释放特征明显.对不同深度底泥释磷的研究表明,至试验后期,深度>30 cm的底泥的释磷量较上层底泥显著减小,30 cm可作为磁湖底泥的疏浚深度. 相似文献
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水化硅酸钙强化穗状狐尾藻对底泥磷吸收能力的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过在底泥中添加聚磷材料--水化硅酸钙来强化穗状狐尾藻对底泥中磷的吸收能力.比较了在不同的水化硅酸钙投加量以及底泥含磷量下,植物的生长情况以及上覆水的SRP、pH.结果表明,水化硅酸钙对于植物生长有明显的促进作用,投加量为20 g时穗状狐尾藻的总质量增加了20%,而未投加水化硅酸钙时,穗状狐尾藻的总质量反而减少了4.79%;投加水化硅酸钙能够促进底泥中磷的释放,并且该作用随水化硅酸钙投量的增加而变大;投加水化硅酸钙会提高水体的pH值,使水体的碱性增强,而植物的缓冲作用会削弱pH的变化,将pH值维持在8.5左右. 相似文献
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湖滨湿地基质-水界面磷释放特性研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以湖滨湿地基质和原位上覆水为材料,分别模拟了在好氧及厌氧、不同pH值及不同上覆水初始磷浓度条件下基质中磷的释放特性和规律.研究结果表明,与好氧条件相比,厌氧状态大大促进了基质中磷的释放,且碱性条件下的释放最明显,而中性条件下的释放则较弱,释放强度随pH值的升高而升高.好氧条件下,基质向水体中释磷很少,有时甚至从水体中吸磷.当上覆水的初始磷浓度较低时,基质先向上覆水释磷,而后吸附直至达到平衡;随着上覆水初始磷浓度的升高,当基质中的磷含量低于上覆水中的磷浓度时,则从水体吸磷直至达到平衡.将不同环境因子相比较,上覆水为碱性条件(pH=11.3)时基质的释磷量最大,厌氧条件次之,上覆水的pH值增加和氧化还原电位降低是湿地基质释磷的主要机制. 相似文献
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水葱对高盐再生水的净化效果研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
通过水葱去除天津泰达景观河道(以高盐再生水为补水)水体中污染物的室内试验和现场测定结果,考察了对不同污染物的去除情况。室内试验显示,对COD、TN、NO36--N、NH3-N、TP、PO4^3--P的去除率分别为27.85%、55.03%、55.20%、67.5%、84.25%、86.02%;实际水体的测定结果表明,对COD、TN、NO3^--N、NH3-N、TP、PO4^3--P的去除率分别为-21.37%、61.84%、72.35%、9.30%、49.09%、56.52%;水葱对含盐量高达5000mg/L的再生水具有明显的净化效果,并且能够降低水体的pH值。因此,可通过适时收割水葱来去除水体中的污染物,达到净化水质的目的。 相似文献
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以湖滨湿地基质和原位上覆水为材料,分别模拟了在好氧及厌氧、不同pH值及不同上覆水初始磷浓度条件下基质中磷的释放特性和规律。研究结果表明,与好氧条件相比,厌氧状态大大促进了基质中磷的释放,且碱性条件下的释放最明显,而中性条件下的释放则较弱,释放强度随pH值的升高而升高。好氧条件下,基质向水体中释磷很少,有时甚至从水体中吸磷。当上覆水的初始磷浓度较低时,基质先向上覆水释磷,而后吸附直至达到平衡;随着上覆水初始磷浓度的升高,当基质中的磷含量低于上覆水中的磷浓度时,则从水体吸磷直至达到平衡。将不同环境因子相比较,上覆水为碱性条件(pH=11.3)时基质的释磷量最大,厌氧条件次之,上覆水的pH值增加和氧化还原电位降低是湿地基质释磷的主要机制。 相似文献
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沉水植物可以有效控制湖泊富营养化,但不同水环境下其周期性衰亡对湖泊生态系统的影响不容忽视。以苦草为研究对象,采用分解网袋法进行为期66 d的室内模拟试验,研究高纯水和底泥悬浮液环境下不同生物量密度的苦草腐解过程及水体氮、磷等营养盐的浓度变化。结果表明:①不同生物量密度(0.1、0.2、0.4 g/L)的苦草腐解过程均可以分为快速淋溶和缓慢分解两个阶段,不同阶段内组间质量损失率存在差异,但总体趋势一致。②高纯水环境下,水体营养盐含量(COD、TP)与生物量呈正相关(相关系数r分别为0.478、0.697,P<0.05),0.4 g/L的苦草会明显提高水中各营养盐含量,破坏水体水质;苦草腐解时,磷的矿化速率比氮快。③底泥悬浮液环境下,苦草残体腐解对水体水质的影响有明显的时效性和阶段差异性,TN浓度与水体中DO浓度、pH值显著相关(r分别为0.839、0.806,P<0.05),苦草腐解释放的氮、磷等营养盐在底泥-水界面发生复杂的吸附和降解反应,适量的苦草残体腐解可促进各形态氮、磷的迁移转化。 相似文献
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城市河道底泥释磷的影响因素研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
自制模拟河道,取含磷的河道底泥进行试验,考察了温度、扰动、溶解氧等因素对河道底泥释磷的影响。结果表明,加大换水频率、缩短停留时间可以维持较好的水质,但并不能从根本上降低释磷量;溶解氧水平对底泥释磷的影响较大,低溶解氧水平(0.8 mg/L)下的释磷量是高溶解氧水平(7.2 mg/L)下的3.7倍;扰动(风)是影响底泥释磷的主要因素,有扰动时上覆水的TP浓度是无扰动时的4倍多;释磷强度会随温度的升高而明显增大,在静态条件下,水温为22℃时的TP浓度是8℃时的1.5倍。 相似文献
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The potential for phosphorus release across the sediment-water interface in an eutrophic reservoir dosed with ferric sulphate 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
Alton Water, Suffolk, UK is a pumped storage reservoir that has a history of cyanobacterial blooms. Dosing of the input water with ferric sulphate to control external phosphorus loading has occurred since 1983. A detailed study of the sediment chemistry of the site was carried out between May 1995 and July 1997. Sequential phosphorus fraction analysis indicated a decrease along the length of the reservoir in sediment labile phosphorus content from 0.62 to 0.08 mg P g-1 dw and iron-bound phosphorus content from 3.22 to 0.46 mg P g-1 dw. These gradients positively correlated with water column chlorophyll a concentrations reported in a parallel study. Labile and iron-bound sediment phosphorus contents were in a dynamic equilibrium due to diffusional release, contributing to internal loading to the water column. Equilibrium phosphorus concentrations (EPC) determined from phosphorus adsorption capacity (PAC) experiments were lower inside the bunded region (0.01-0.03 mg P-PO4 l-1) where iron content was greatest compared to outside the bund (0.15-0.20 mg P-PO4 l-1) suggesting greater potential for diffusional release of phosphorus at the latter site. PAC experiments indicated that anaerobic and pH-mediated loadings were of less importance than diffusional release, although the latter may have contributed to internal loading in the main reservoir. Sulphate concentrations may act to increase the potential for anaerobic internal loading near to the pumped input in microstratified sediment. Sediment iron content decreased from 250 +/- 13.1 to 51 +/- 4.0 mg Fe g-1 dw across the line of a constructed bund at the north-west end near to the pumped input, which indicated successful control of dispersal of the fine ferric floc. The management implications with regard to phosphorus loadings indicated by these results are discussed. 相似文献
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Effects of biological activity, light, temperature and oxygen on phosphorus release processes at the sediment and water interface of Taihu Lake, China 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Effects of biological activity, light, temperature and oxygen on the phosphorus (P) release processes at the sediment and water interface of a shallow lake, Taihu Lake, China, were investigated. The results show that organisms at the sediment and water interface can stimulate P release from sediments, and their metabolism can alter the surrounding micro-environmental conditions. The extent of P release and its effects on P concentration in the overlying water were affected by factors such as light, temperature and dissolved oxygen. The organism biomass increased as temperature increased, which was beneficial for P release. Dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentrations in the corresponding overlying water were mainly controlled by light. P release occurred in both aerobic and anoxic conditions with the presence of organisms. However in the presence of light , P release in an anoxic environment was much greater than in an aerobic environment, which may stimulate alga bloom and result in an increase in total phosphorus (TP) in the overlying water. This information aids the understanding of P biogeochemical cycling at the interface and its relationship with eutrophication in shallow lakes. 相似文献
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为了解青岛棘洪滩水库沉积物对水库水质的影响,分别在水库进水口(JSK)、库区中心(KX)和出水口(CSK)3个采样点采集库区沉积物,通过静态模拟吸附/释放实验,分析上覆水中氮磷营养盐含量变化.结果表明,除亚硝酸盐表现出微弱释放作用外,库区沉积物对氨氮、硝酸盐氮、总氮和总磷均表现出吸附作用,是氮磷营养盐的“汇”,并且不同采样点吸附能力也存在差异.其中出水口沉积物对总氮吸附作用最明显,吸附速率为4.80mg/(kg·d),进水口沉积物对总磷吸附作用最强,吸附速率为0.06mg/(kg·d).由此得出棘洪滩水库库区沉积物不会增加上覆水营养盐含量,库区水体营养盐可能主要来自引水. 相似文献
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针对某煤矿富含高岭土的矿井水难以处理的问题,对絮凝剂PAM和PAC的选用及最佳投量进行了试验。结果表明:阳离子PAM的絮凝效果显著优于阴离子、非离子PAM的;原采用的普通型PAC配合PAM不能有效去除高岭土颗粒,而高效液体型PAC在投加量仅为普通型PAC的1/3的条件下,处理出水浊度可降至4.2~8.4 NTU。因此,实际工程确定选用阳离子PAM和高效液体型PAC药剂,投加量分别为0.25、50 mg/L,处理效果得到了显著提高,但反渗透进水SDI值仍常有超过3的情况出现。为此,在一级过滤泵前增加二次絮凝工艺(投加3~5 mg/L的PAC),保证反渗透进水SDI值稳定在3以下,达到了设计要求。 相似文献
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