弹性基础对转子-可倾瓦径向滑动轴承系统瞬态响应的影响

提出一种分析转子-可倾瓦径向滑动轴承-弹性基础系统瞬态响应的方法,该方法考虑了轴颈涡动对可倾瓦径向滑动轴承动特性的影响,同时计入温度、流态变化的影响。建立转子-可倾瓦径向滑动轴承-弹性基础动力学方程,研究弹性基础振动参数对转子-可倾瓦径向滑动轴承系统瞬态响应的影响规律。结果表明,滑动轴承动特性可以改变转子轴心轨迹;随着基础刚度的减小,转子系统的瞬态响应增大,随着基础阻尼的增大,轴心轨迹响应曲线幅值变小;阻尼的增大不会改变转子轴心轨迹稳定时收敛的位置。     

滑动径向轴承轴心轨迹的可视化及其应用

讨论了轴承 转子系统的非线性动力分析 ,由此计算轴心轨迹 ,并研制开发了滑动径向轴承轴颈轨迹数值实验软件系统。能指导设计人员预先了解轴承的运行状态 ,从而提高了滑动轴承和机械产品的设计质量和效率 ,在应用中具有很强的实用性。     

润滑油含水量对轴承性能影响的试验研究

为研究润滑油含水量超标时轴承的运行性能,搭建了滑动轴承试验台,通过试验研究了在不同含水量的润滑油对滑动轴承温度、摩擦力矩及轴心运动轨迹的影响。试验发现,润滑油含水量较低(质量分数0. 5%以下)时对滑动轴承的温度、摩擦力矩和轴心轨迹影响不大,但含水量达到一定程度时(如超过质量分数0. 5%)会使轴心轨迹重复性变差,导致转子运转有不稳定的趋势出现。这表明润滑油含水会对滑动轴承运行性能造成一定的影响,更为准确的结果还需长期的实验验证。     

不同起点位置对滑动轴承转子系统稳定性影响

基于非线性油膜力模型的滑动轴承转子系统稳定性分析方法,建立非线性油膜力模型,采用有限差分方法求解Reynolds方程,从而求得油膜力,获得轴承轴心轨迹与临界转速,分析由于不同起点位置对滑动轴承转子系统的稳定性影响。结合实际工况,科学选取了11个不同的转子起点位置,通过求得其一系列临界转速,获得此11个不同起点生成的临界稳定性运行参数Op曲线图,通过对其纵向对比、横向对比和综合分析表明:转子在距离稳定运转时的轴心位置越近的起点启动转子,越有利于系统的稳定。     

弹性金属塑料瓦径向滑动轴承启动过程热弹流分析

研究了采用弹性金属塑料轴瓦时径向滑动轴承的瞬态润滑特性。建立了该轴承的三维热弹流模型，通过数值求解对比了启动过程中采用弹性金属塑料轴瓦和金属材料轴瓦时油膜和轴瓦的瞬态温度场分布、轴瓦的热弹变形量，以及转子轴心轨迹。结果表明，在启动初期弹性金属塑料瓦径向滑动轴承的瓦体温度要高于金属瓦，转子偏心率也要大于采用金属瓦时的偏心率；因润滑油在弹性金属塑料瓦径向滑动轴承轴瓦表面存在一定的滑移速度，随着油膜边界滑移作用的出现，采用弹性金属塑料瓦径向滑动轴承时的油膜温度最终低于采用金属瓦时的温度，且转子的偏心率也最终小于采用余属瓦的偏心率。     

复杂转子-轴承系统非线性动力学特性分析

针对现有方法在求解复杂转子-轴承系统非线性动力学特性时的不足,提出了基于动网格技术的计算流体力学和转子动力学相结合的流固耦合计算方法。首先建立滑动轴承轴心轨迹的运动方程,然后采用动网格技术对滑动轴承流场进行非线性瞬态计算,得到动态载荷作用下转子-轴承系统的轴心轨迹。最后,通过对某复杂转子-轴承系统非线性动力学特性的分析对本文方法进行了验证。结果表明,方法能够准确分析复杂转子-轴承系统非线性动力学特性并可求得其轴心轨迹。     

弹性转子的轴心轨迹

研究了非线性弹性转子 -轴承系统的轴心轨迹 ,认为对称不平衡转子是连续弹性轴 ,它两端支撑在滑动轴承上 ,油膜反力采用非线性短轴承模型。推导出了系统的非线性运动方程 ,所求方程的近似周期解即为轴心轨迹。给出在某些参数下轴迹的数值计算结果     

混流泵起动过程转子轴心轨迹的试验研究*

混流泵起动过程中的振动失稳严重威胁着泵机组的安全,研究起动过程中的轴心轨迹,可以全面、直观地反映瞬态效应对机组运行稳定性的影响,掌握非调节工况下转子的振动状态。基于本特利408数据采集系统,测量获得了起动加速过程中不同转速下转子的轴心轨迹图和时域图,分解提纯一倍频和二倍频轴心轨迹图及其时域图,解析起动过程不同转速下的频谱图。研究结果表明,加速过程中,一倍频轴心轨迹由长短轴相差不大的椭圆逐渐变为圆形,可以判断转子存在弓状回转涡动且涡动不断加剧;二倍频轴心轨迹由近似水平线段逐渐变化为水平方向扁平的椭圆,可以判断转子存在不对中现象且水平方向的振动不断加剧。结合瞬态外特性曲线,研究发现随着转速的逐渐增大,转子系统的瞬时水力冲击逐渐增大,转子不平衡量和径向偏移量逐渐增大,振动情况逐渐加重,当转速达到最大值时,轴系振动出现一个峰值并随转速稳定有所降低并逐渐趋于稳定。加速是引起轴系振动的主要原因,瞬态效应是影响振动故障恶化的重要因素。研究成果对于实时评估混流泵起动过程中的轴系运行状态、有效降低或防止振动故障的恶化具有重要的工程应用价值和理论指导作用。     

径向动压滑动轴承主轴轴心轨迹的动态仿真

径向动压滑动轴承主轴轴心轨迹直接反映了轴承的工作状况,对轴承的设计与故障诊断具有重要的作用。研究了用Hahn法对径向动压滑动轴承主轴轴心轨迹进行动态仿真的方法,并结合Reynolds积分边界争件的思想,对半Sommerfeld边界条件的应用进行了修正,提高了计算精度。     

一种可控滑动轴承-转子系统性能计算方法*

针对可控滑动轴承油膜性能计算困难问题,提出一种考虑基础参振的滑动轴承性能计算的动网格模型,阐述网格更新原理,给出可控滑动轴承所支撑转子系统轴心轨迹的计算方法。在滑动轴承-转子-基础系统的性能计算时,该方法保证油膜径向网格线和轴颈表面垂直,能减小轴承油膜性能计算的累计误差。通过不平衡载荷条件下的转子轴心静平衡位置计算结果与油膜力数据库方法、经典数据进行对比,验证了该模型的正确性,并利用该方法分析受正弦位移激励的滑动轴承-刚性转子系统的工频振动情况。结果表明：选择合适相位和幅值的正弦位移激励来控制轴承座,可减小转子系统的不平衡振动。这为基于超磁致伸缩材料的轴承、基于压电陶瓷材料的轴承、柔性铰链可倾瓦轴承等可控轴承-转子系统的性能计算提供了一种新方法。     

NH_3/CO_2复叠制冷系统中CO_2螺杆压缩机的研发

NH3/CO2复叠制冷系统中,压缩机是其中的介绍了一种应用在低温制冷循环中的CO2双螺杆压缩机的设计及相关试验.采用包络理论设计了转子的型线,阳转子齿数为5,阴转子齿数为8,在此基础上设计了压缩机的排气孔口,并对转子进行了三维受力变形计算,从计算结果可以看出转子变形和轴承可以满足要求.试验证明设计的CO:双螺杆压缩机能够应用在NH3/CO2复叠制冷系统中.     

双螺杆制冷压缩机工作过程的数值模拟

双螺杆制冷压缩机由于其独特的优势已被广泛应用,但由于其复杂的转子结构及型线设计,对该类压缩机的整体性能的预测一般采用一维数值模拟或经验方式得到,但是该类方法无法获得压缩机内部流体压力场和温度场的分布情况。根据试验用螺杆压缩机建立了三维模型,利用结构化动网格技术,通过CFD软件对双螺杆压缩机的内部流场进行了三维数值模拟,分析了流体在压缩机内部的流动及热力学参数分布状况,得到了压缩机内部压力场、温度场和速度场的分布规律。将三维数值模拟得到的P-V指示图及压缩机宏观性能参数与试验结果进行对比分析,发现模拟结果与试验数据基本一致,部分负荷时误差较大,误差最大的是绝热效率,为2.58%。数值模拟能够准确预测双螺杆压缩机的性能,并为压缩机设计提供了新的方法。     

基于流体仿真的双螺杆压缩机转子型线研究

阴阳转子型线设计时存在参数修改频繁、性能实验搭建不便等问题,影响了转子型线设计效率的提高,针对以上问题,提出将 NURBS曲线和流体仿真技术应用于双螺杆压缩机转子型线设计中的新思路。以单边不对称摆线-销齿圆弧式转子型线为研究对象,开发了新型双螺杆转子型线。应用NURBS曲线构建了螺杆转子的齿廓线;建立了双螺杆压缩机原型线与新型线流场仿真模型,运用Fluent软件模拟了其在工作转速下压强与流速的分布规律。由仿真结果对新型线设计的合理性进行了预判,并为新型线的改进优化直至获得性能优良的双螺杆压缩机阴阳转子提供了参考依据。     

部分负荷工况下双螺杆制冷压缩机转子轴向受力试验研究

为了提高双螺杆压缩机运行的可靠性,对部分负荷工况下转子轴向受力进行了试验研究,测量了部分负荷下压缩机转子齿槽内气体压力的变化趋势以及转子轴向受力的变化特性,并根据转子轴向受力组成,分别得到了气体轴向力和端面轴向力对转子轴向受力的影响.研究结果表明:随着负荷降低,由于转子工作过程压缩段长度的减小,转子轴向受力呈现出不断减...     

The friction characteristics of the journal bearing in a reciprocating compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning systems

The performance of a reciprocating compressor in refrigeration and air-conditioning systems is influenced by the lubrication characteristics of the critical sliding components. Thus, the lubrication characteristics between the crankshaft and journal bearing have to be researched in order to improve the design and performance of a reciprocating compressor. Therefore, in this study, to enhance the EER (energy efficiency ratio) to reduce power consumption, and to improve the reliability of a reciprocating compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning systems, theoretical analysis of the friction characteristics between the crankshaft and journal bearing in a reciprocating compressor is studied. The results demonstrate that frictional characteristics are significantly influenced by the clearance between the crankshaft and journal bearing and the viscosity of the lubricating oil.     

Application of Ultrasonic Sensing to Monitoring Lubrication Conditions in a Refrigeration Compressor

Understanding lubrication conditions in a refrigeration compressor is valuable for machine design and ensures the reliability of air conditioners. In this work, the lubrication conditions of a journal bearing in a scroll compressor were evaluated by applying ultrasonic sensing. An ultrasonic probe was attached to a journal bearing supporting a crank shaft in the compressor. The probe transmitted ultrasonic pulses toward the lubricant film between the shaft and the bearing and then received reflections. The lubricant film can be monitored by measuring the reflection amplitude of the ultrasound, which increases with the thickness of the thin lubricant film. With the whirling shaft in the bearing, the minimum reflection amplitude was measured as an index of the minimum lubricant film thickness in the bearing during stable and transient operations of the compressor. Then the measured reflection amplitude was compared with the Sommerfeld number, which is also known to increase with lubricant film thickness. The measured minimum reflection amplitude mostly changed in trend similar to that of the Sommerfeld number. However, the measured minimum reflection amplitude behaved differently during the first 400 s in the startup process. An observation of the lubricant reservoir showed generation of small bubbles in the lubricant in the period. Overall, test results support the usability of the ultrasonic measurement to trend monitoring of the lubricant film thickness in the journal bearing in the compressor. The existence of bubbles in the journal bearing was indicated by the results of the ultrasonic measurement and observation.     

Theoretical analysis of the non-linear behavior of a flexible rotor supported by herringbone grooved gas journal bearings

This paper studies the behavior of a flexible rotor supported by a herringbone-grooved gas journal-bearing system. A hybrid method is employed to develop a time-dependent mathematical model of the bearing system. The finite difference method is employed with the successive over relaxation technique to solve the Reynolds equation. The system state trajectories, Poincaré maps, power spectra, and bifurcation diagrams are used to analyze the dynamic behavior of the rotor and the journal center in the horizontal and vertical directions under different operating conditions. The analysis reveals a complex dynamic behavior comprising periodic and quasi-periodic responses of the rotor and the journal center. The present numerical study illustrates the relationship between the dynamic behavior of this type of system and the rotor mass and bearing number. As such, the present results provide a deeper understanding of the non-linear dynamics of gas film rotor-bearing systems.     

Nonlinear dynamic and bifurcation analysis of short aerodynamic journal bearings

A numerical analysis of a rigid rotor supported by relative short aerodynamic journal bearings is presented for nonlinear dynamic behaviors and bifurcation. The compressible Reynolds' equation is solved by the finite differences method and the successive over relation method and a time-dependent mathematical model for aerodynamic journal bearings is studied. A comparison of the results for the system state trajectory, Poincaré maps, power spectra, and bifurcation diagrams is made and dynamic behavior of the rotor center in the horizontal and vertical directions under different operating conditions is analyzed. The analysis shows how the existence of a complex dynamic behavior comprises periodic and subharmonic response of the rotor center. This paper shows how the dynamic behavior of this type of system varies with changes in bearing number and squeeze number.     

动压气体轴承-转子系统的分岔和混沌

基于非线性动力学理论,研究了气体动压轴承-转子系统的不平衡响应及分岔行为。建立了与时间相关的非线性气体动压轴承的压力分布模型和气体动压轴承-刚性Jeffcott转子系统的动力学模型。运用有限差分法和逐次超松弛迭代法求解动压气体润滑雷诺方程;运用轨迹图、Poincaré映射图、时间历程图、频谱图和分岔图研究了有限宽气体轴承支承的非线性转子系统的不平衡响应及分岔;数值模拟结果揭示了系统存在复杂多样的非线性现象,这对气体润滑轴承支承的实际轴承—转子系统的设计提供了理论依据。